Wikipedia neologism
Encyclopedia
A Wikipedia neologism is a neologism evidenced in its introduction to a language by edits on Wikipedia
.
This usage is to be distinguished from the observation that words beginning with the stem "wiki-
" are themselves neologisms following the model of software developer Ward Cunningham
's WikiWikiWeb
, formed from “wiki,” a Hawaiian language
adverb meaning “fast,” followed by various English, Greek or Latin suffixes.
, ECAI, a paper was presented on an automated system called Zeitgeist
to track neologisms with WordNet
from Wikipedia:
Zeitgeist seeks out neologisms based on a formal blend of two different lexical inputs following the work of linguist Gilles Fauconnier and literary scholar Mark Turner (1998)
's inclusion criteria differ from Wikipedia's.
of Philip M. Parker
harvest and reprint text from Wikipedia articles which can appear on Google Books and then can be cited as circular references. Again, Wikipedia users generally seek to prevent this happening. A more natural example would be where a neologism is not picked up, or where Wikipedia duplicates a neologism already existing on blogs and self-published websites before it occurs in print, and is then sourced back to Wikipedia.
Possible examples of circular references, "Wikipedia neologisms" (per Veale), or blog-to-Wikipedia neologisms:
Wikipedia
Wikipedia is a free, web-based, collaborative, multilingual encyclopedia project supported by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation. Its 20 million articles have been written collaboratively by volunteers around the world. Almost all of its articles can be edited by anyone with access to the site,...
.
This usage is to be distinguished from the observation that words beginning with the stem "wiki-
Wiki
A wiki is a website that allows the creation and editing of any number of interlinked web pages via a web browser using a simplified markup language or a WYSIWYG text editor. Wikis are typically powered by wiki software and are often used collaboratively by multiple users. Examples include...
" are themselves neologisms following the model of software developer Ward Cunningham
Ward Cunningham
Howard G. "Ward" Cunningham is an American computer programmer who developed the first wiki. A pioneer in both design patterns and Extreme Programming, he started programming the software WikiWikiWeb in 1994 and installed it on the website of his software consultancy, Cunningham & Cunningham , on...
's WikiWikiWeb
WikiWikiWeb
WikiWikiWeb is a term that has been used to refer to four things: the first wiki, or user-editable website, launched on 25 March 1995 by Ward Cunningham as part of the Portland Pattern Repository ; the Perl-based application that was used to run it, also developed by Cunningham, which was the first...
, formed from “wiki,” a Hawaiian language
Hawaiian language
The Hawaiian language is a Polynesian language that takes its name from Hawaii, the largest island in the tropical North Pacific archipelago where it developed. Hawaiian, along with English, is an official language of the state of Hawaii...
adverb meaning “fast,” followed by various English, Greek or Latin suffixes.
"Wikipedia neologisms" 2006
The term "Wikipedia neologisms" is itself a neologism. In 2006 at the 17th European Conference on Artificial IntelligenceEuropean Conference on Artificial Intelligence
The biennial European Conference on Artificial Intelligence is the leading conference in the field of Artificial Intelligence in Europe, and is commonly listed together with IJCAI and AAAI as one of the three major general AI conferences worldwide...
, ECAI, a paper was presented on an automated system called Zeitgeist
Zeitgeist
Zeitgeist is "the spirit of the times" or "the spirit of the age."Zeitgeist is the general cultural, intellectual, ethical, spiritual or political climate within a nation or even specific groups, along with the general ambiance, morals, sociocultural direction, and mood associated with an era.The...
to track neologisms with WordNet
WordNet
WordNet is a lexical database for the English language. It groups English words into sets of synonyms called synsets, provides short, general definitions, and records the various semantic relations between these synonym sets...
from Wikipedia:
Zeitgeist seeks out neologisms based on a formal blend of two different lexical inputs following the work of linguist Gilles Fauconnier and literary scholar Mark Turner (1998)
Wikipedia
Walt Crawford in Balanced libraries: thoughts on continuity and change (2007) notes that in Wikipedia "there's a general reluctance to add articles based on neologisms primarily used by bloggers unless the terms are well established". This is documented by Broughton (2008), and Ayers, Matthews, Yates (also 2008).Wiktionary
WiktionaryWiktionary
Wiktionary is a multilingual, web-based project to create a free content dictionary, available in 158 languages...
's inclusion criteria differ from Wikipedia's.
From edits, to articles, to print, back to sourced references
Projects such as Books LLCBooks LLC
Books LLC is an American publisher and a book sales club based in Memphis, Tennessee.-Print on demand and electronic products:Books LLC publishes print on demand paperback and downloadable compilations of English texts and documents from open knowledge sources such as Wikipedia. Books LLC's copy...
of Philip M. Parker
Philip M. Parker
Philip M. Parker holds the INSEAD Chair Professorship of Management Science at INSEAD . He has patented a method to automatically produce a set of similar books from a template which is filled with data from database and internet searches...
harvest and reprint text from Wikipedia articles which can appear on Google Books and then can be cited as circular references. Again, Wikipedia users generally seek to prevent this happening. A more natural example would be where a neologism is not picked up, or where Wikipedia duplicates a neologism already existing on blogs and self-published websites before it occurs in print, and is then sourced back to Wikipedia.
Possible examples of circular references, "Wikipedia neologisms" (per Veale), or blog-to-Wikipedia neologisms:
- "crowdsourcingCrowdsourcingCrowdsourcing is the act of sourcing tasks traditionally performed by specific individuals to a group of people or community through an open call....
" - "performativityPerformativityPerformativity is an interdisciplinary term often used to name the capacity of speech and language in particular, as well as other non-verbal forms of expressive action, to intervene in the course of human events. The term derives from the work in speech act theory originated by the analytic...
" - "folksonomyFolksonomyA folksonomy is a system of classification derived from the practice and method of collaboratively creating and managing tags to annotate and categorize content; this practice is also known as collaborative tagging, social classification, social indexing, and social tagging...
" - "Greek primacyGreek PrimacyGreek primacy is a scholarly term in general use for the dominance of Hellenism at certain periods of history. In the context of the language of the New Testament, "Greek primacy" is a Wikipedia neologism for the majority view that the New Testament or its sources were originally written in Koine...
"