View Park-Windsor Hills, California
Encyclopedia
View Park-Windsor Hills is a census-designated place
Census-designated place
A census-designated place is a concentration of population identified by the United States Census Bureau for statistical purposes. CDPs are delineated for each decennial census as the statistical counterparts of incorporated places such as cities, towns and villages...

 (CDP) in Los Angeles County
Los Angeles County, California
Los Angeles County is a county in the U.S. state of California. As of 2010 U.S. Census, the county had a population of 9,818,605, making it the most populous county in the United States. Los Angeles County alone is more populous than 42 individual U.S. states...

, California
California
California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area...

, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

. The population was 11,075 at the 2010 census, up from 10,958 at the 2000 census. View Park lies on the north end of the CDP, along Angeles Vista Boulevard; Windsor Hills is on the southern end, to the north of Slauson Avenue.

View Park-Windsor Hills is one of the both wealthiest and wealthiest majority-African American
African American
African Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have at least partial ancestry from any of the native populations of Sub-Saharan Africa and are the direct descendants of enslaved Africans within the boundaries of the present United States...

 areas in the United States. The two communities are part of a band of districts, from Culver City
Culver City, California
Culver City is a city in western Los Angeles County, California. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 38,883, up from 38,816 at the 2000 census. It is mostly surrounded by the city of Los Angeles, but also shares a border with unincorporated areas of Los Angeles County. Culver...

's Fox Hills district on the west to the Los Angeles district of Leimert Park
Leimert Park, Los Angeles, California
Leimert Park is a neighborhood in Los Angeles, California roughly bounded by Rodeo Road on the north, 4th Avenue and Roxton Avenue on the east, Vernon Avenue on the south, and Crenshaw Boulevard on the west. Crenshaw District lies to the south, View Park to the west, Vermont Square to the east,...

 on the east, that compose the single largest geographically contiguous middle- and upper-class black area in the United States. (Also included in this band are the equally affluent Baldwin Hills
Baldwin Hills, Los Angeles, California
Baldwin Hills is a community and neighborhood in the South Los Angeles area of Los Angeles, within southwestern Los Angeles County, California...

 and Ladera Heights
Ladera Heights, California
Ladera Heights is a census-designated place and unincorporated area in southwestern Los Angeles County, California. The population was 6,498 at the 2010 census, down from 6,568 at the 2000 census...

 and middle-class Baldwin Village
Baldwin Village, Los Angeles, California
Baldwin Village is a community in Los Angeles. Baldwin Village is officially part of the Crenshaw district, an area of Los Angeles that has gone through drastic economic changes....

.)

History

View Park-Windsor Hills CDP
Population by year http://www.census.gov, http://bld.lib.ca.us/virtualreference/calif_historical_census_population.htm

2010 11,075

2000 10,958

1990 11,769

1980 12,101

1970 12,268


View Park was developed in the 1920s as an upper-middle-class neighborhood akin to Cheviot Hills, Brentwood
Brentwood, Los Angeles, California
Brentwood is a district in western Los Angeles, California, United States. The district is located at the base of the Santa Monica Mountains, bounded by the San Diego Freeway on the east, Wilshire Boulevard on the south, the Santa Monica city limits on the southwest, the border of Topanga State...

, Carthay Circle
Carthay, Los Angeles, California
Carthay is a residential district in the Mid-City West region of Los Angeles, California.-Geography and transportation:Carthay is bordered by the Miracle Mile District on the north, Picfair Village on the south, Beverly Hills on the northwest, and the Fairfax District on the northeast...

, and Studio City. Along with neighboring Ladera Heights and Baldwin Hills, it is one of the wealthiest African-American areas in the United States. It contains a superb collection of houses in the Spanish Colonial
Spanish Colonial Revival Style architecture
The Spanish Colonial Revival Style was a United States architectural stylistic movement that came about in the early 20th century, starting in California and Florida as a regional expression related to history, environment, and nostalgia...

 and Mediterranean
Mediterranean Revival Style architecture
The Mediterranean Revival was an eclectic design style that was first introduced in the United States about the end of the nineteenth century, and became popular during the 1920s and 1930s...

 styles, most of which remain today. Windsor Hills underwent development in the late 1930s; aimed at the middle class, it was the first subdivision in Southern California for which the newly created Federal Housing Administration
Federal Housing Administration
The Federal Housing Administration is a United States government agency created as part of the National Housing Act of 1934. It insured loans made by banks and other private lenders for home building and home buying...

 provided mortgage insurance
Mortgage insurance
Mortgage insurance is an insurance policy which compensates lenders or investors for losses due to the default of a mortgage loan. Mortgage insurance can be either public or private depending upon the insurer...

. African-Americans were forbidden residence in either area until the Supreme Court
Supreme Court of the United States
The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest court in the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all state and federal courts, and original jurisdiction over a small range of cases...

's invalidation of racial restrictive covenant
Restrictive covenant
A restrictive covenant is a type of real covenant, a legal obligation imposed in a deed by the seller upon the buyer of real estate to do or not to do something. Such restrictions frequently "run with the land" and are enforceable on subsequent buyers of the property...

s in 1948.

Prior to the 1960s, the area was known as "Pill Hill" on account of the large number of doctors who were supposed to live there. After the arrival of Black families starting in the mid-1960s, the wealthy neighborhoods were sometimes called the "Golden Ghetto" or the "Black Beverly Hills."

Since the early 2000s, a number of white families have moved back to View Park and Windsor Hills, albeit to a considerably lesser degree than in Fox Hills and Ladera Heights.

Landmarks

  • Los Angeles Urban League headquarters
  • Ray Charles
    Ray Charles
    Ray Charles Robinson , known by his shortened stage name Ray Charles, was an American musician. He was a pioneer in the genre of soul music during the 1950s by fusing rhythm and blues, gospel, and blues styles into his early recordings with Atlantic Records...

     Residence at 4863 Southridge Avenue. Built in 1965.

Geography

View Park-Windsor Hills is located at 33°59′37"N 118°20′49"W (33.993662, -118.346950).

According to the United States Census Bureau
United States Census Bureau
The United States Census Bureau is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census. It also gathers other national demographic and economic data...

, the CDP has a total area of 1.8 square miles (4.7 km²), all land.

2010

The 2010 United States Census reported that View Park-Windsor Hills had a population of 11,075. The population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...

 was 6,012.6 people per square mile (2,321.5/km²). The racial makeup of View Park-Windsor Hills was 669 (6.0%) White, 9,392 (84.8%) African American, 45 (0.4%) Native American, 147 (1.3%) Asian, 4 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 244 (2.2%) from other races
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

, and 574 (5.2%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 720 persons (6.5%).

The Census reported that 10,999 people (99.3% of the population) lived in households, 14 (0.1%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 62 (0.6%) were institutionalized.

There were 4,535 households, out of which 1,246 (27.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 1,704 (37.6%) were opposite-sex married couples
Marriage
Marriage is a social union or legal contract between people that creates kinship. It is an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged in a variety of ways, depending on the culture or subculture in which it is found...

 living together, 985 (21.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 276 (6.1%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 166 (3.7%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships
POSSLQ
POSSLQ is an abbreviation for "Persons of Opposite Sex Sharing Living Quarters," a term coined in the late 1970s by the United States Census Bureau as part of an effort to more accurately gauge the prevalence of cohabitation in American households....

, and 38 (0.8%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 1,354 households (29.9%) were made up of individuals and 575 (12.7%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43. There were 2,965 families
Family (U.S. Census)
A family or family household is defined by the United States Census Bureau for statistical purposes as "a householder and one or more other people related to the householder by birth, marriage, or adoption. They do not include same-sex married couples even if the marriage was performed in a state...

 (65.4% of all households); the average family size was 2.97.

The population was spread out with 2,090 people (18.9%) under the age of 18, 755 people (6.8%) aged 18 to 24, 2,286 people (20.6%) aged 25 to 44, 3,586 people (32.4%) aged 45 to 64, and 2,358 people (21.3%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47.1 years. For every 100 females there were 80.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 77.0 males.

There were 4,777 housing units at an average density of 2,593.4 per square mile (1,001.3/km²), of which 3,275 (72.2%) were owner-occupied, and 1,260 (27.8%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.3%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.2%. 8,297 people (74.9% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 2,702 people (24.4%) lived in rental housing units.

2000

As of the census
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...

of 2000, there were 10,958 people, 4,539 households, and 3,041 families residing in the CDP. The population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...

 was 5,895.8 inhabitants per square mile (2,274.7/km²). There were 4,738 housing units at an average density of 2,549.2 per square mile (983.5/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 88.0% African American, 5.4% White, 0.2% Native American, 1.1% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.2% from other races
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

, and 4.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.7% of the population. The area had the highest percentage of African-American residents of any CDP in the Western United States
Western United States
.The Western United States, commonly referred to as the American West or simply "the West," traditionally refers to the region comprising the westernmost states of the United States. Because the U.S. expanded westward after its founding, the meaning of the West has evolved over time...

.

There were 4,539 households out of which 23.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.3% were married couples
Marriage
Marriage is a social union or legal contract between people that creates kinship. It is an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged in a variety of ways, depending on the culture or subculture in which it is found...

 living together, 19.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.0% were non-families. 28.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.94.

In the CDP the population was spread out with 20.3% under the age of 18, 5.6% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 28.2% from 45 to 64, and 19.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females there were 84.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.3 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $90,876, and the median income for a family was $100,124. Males had a median income of $56,461 versus $43,663 for females. The per capita income
Per capita income
Per capita income or income per person is a measure of mean income within an economic aggregate, such as a country or city. It is calculated by taking a measure of all sources of income in the aggregate and dividing it by the total population...

 for the CDP was $34,382. About 3.1% of families and 5.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.2% of those under age 18 and 3.2% of those age 65 or over.

Politics

The Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department
Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department
The Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department is a local county law enforcement agency that serves Los Angeles County, California. It is the fourth largest local policing agency in the United States, with the New York City Police Department being the first. The second largest is the Chicago Police...

 (LASD) operates the Marina del Rey Station in Marina del Rey, serving View Park-Windsor Hills.

The Los Angeles County Department of Health Services
Los Angeles County Department of Health Services
Health services to over 10 million residents in the Los Angeles County are provided by the Los Angeles County Department of Health Services and the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health. Mental health services are provided by the County Department of Mental Health...

 operates the Ruth-Temple Health Center in Los Angeles
Los Ángeles
Los Ángeles is the capital of the province of Biobío, in the commune of the same name, in Region VIII , in the center-south of Chile. It is located between the Laja and Biobío rivers. The population is 123,445 inhabitants...

, serving View Park-Windsor Hills.

In the state legislature
California State Legislature
The California State Legislature is the state legislature of the U.S. state of California. It is a bicameral body consisting of the lower house, the California State Assembly, with 80 members, and the upper house, the California State Senate, with 40 members...

 View Park-Windsor Hills is located in the 26th Senate
California State Senate
The California State Senate is the upper house of the California State Legislature. There are 40 state senators. The state legislature meets in the California State Capitol in Sacramento. The Lieutenant Governor is the ex officio President of the Senate and may break a tied vote...

 District, represented by Democrat Mark Ridley-Thomas
Mark Ridley-Thomas
Mark Ridley-Thomas , often referred to by his initials, MRT, is a member of the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors for District 2, who succeeded Supervisor Yvonne Brathwaite Burke...

, and in the 47th and 51st Assembly
California State Assembly
The California State Assembly is the lower house of the California State Legislature. There are 80 members in the Assembly, representing an approximately equal number of constituents, with each district having a population of at least 420,000...

 Districts, represented by Democrats Holly J. Mitchell and Curren D. Price, Jr.
Curren D. Price, Jr.
Curren De Mille Price, Jr. is a California politician from the Democratic Party, currently serving as senator for the California State Senate, representing the state's 26th Senate District which he won in the May 19, 2009 special election to fill the seat vacated by Mark Ridley-Thomas...

 respectively. Federally, View Park-Windsor Hills is located in California's 33rd congressional district
California's 33rd congressional district
California's 33rd congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of California based in Los Angeles County. The district encompasses the incorporated city of Culver City , unincorporated areas such as Ladera Heights, and some of the western neighborhoods within the city of Los...

, which has a Cook PVI
Cook Partisan Voting Index
The Cook Partisan Voting Index , sometimes referred to as simply the Partisan Voting Index , is a measurement of how strongly an American congressional district or state leans toward one political party compared to the nation as a whole...

 of D +36 and is represented by Democrat Diane Watson
Diane Watson
Diane Edith Watson is a former US Representative for , serving from 2003 until 2011. She is a member of the Democratic Party...

.

Education

Los Angeles Unified School District
Los Angeles Unified School District
Los Angeles Unified School District is the largest public school system in California. It is the 2nd largest public school district in the United States. Only the New York City Department of Education has a larger student population...

 serves most of the CDP. A portion is within the Inglewood Unified School District
Inglewood Unified School District
Inglewood Unified School District is a school district headquartered in Inglewood, California, United States.IUSD serves most of the city of Inglewood and the unincorporated Los Angeles County community of Ladera Heights...

.

Several elementary schools serve the LAUSD portion of community, including:

All areas in LAUSD are zoned to Audubon Middle School and Crenshaw High School
Crenshaw High School
Crenshaw High School is a secondary school located in South Los Angeles, California.The school first opened in 1968 and currently enrolls an average of 2,600 students. Its address is 5010 11th Avenue, near the corner of 50th Street. The school colors are blue and gold, and its mascot is the...

. Some areas are jointly zoned to Audubon Middle School and Webster Middle School. Some areas are jointly zoned to Audubon Middle School, Orville Wright Middle School, and Palms Middle School. Some areas are jointly zoned to Crenshaw High School and Westchester High School
Westchester High School (Los Angeles)
Westchester High School is a public high school in the Los Angeles Unified School District, Local District 3.It is located in Westchester , USA, a suburban neighborhood adjacent to Los Angeles International Airport and bordered by Playa Vista to the north, Inglewood to the east, El Segundo to the...

.

Services

Police and Fire services are provided by the Los Angeles County Sheriffs Department and Los Angeles County Fire Department respectively.

Notable residents and natives

  • Ray Charles
    Ray Charles
    Ray Charles Robinson , known by his shortened stage name Ray Charles, was an American musician. He was a pioneer in the genre of soul music during the 1950s by fusing rhythm and blues, gospel, and blues styles into his early recordings with Atlantic Records...

    , (1930–2004) Entertainer
  • James Cleveland
    James Cleveland
    The Reverend Dr. James Cleveland was a gospel singer, arranger, composer and, most significantly, the driving force behind the creation of the modern gospel sound, bringing the stylistic daring of hard gospel and jazz and pop music influences to arrangements for mass choirs...

     (1931–1991) Gospel Singer,Arranger Composer
  • Michael Cooper, basketball player and coach
  • Sara Finney-Johnson, television producer and writer
  • Curt Flood
    Curt Flood
    Curtis Charles Flood was a Major League Baseball player who spent most of his career as a center fielder for the St. Louis Cardinals. A defensive standout, he led the National League in putouts four times and in fielding percentage twice, winning Gold Glove Awards in his last seven full seasons...

    , baseball player
  • Lisa Gay Hamilton
    Lisa Gay Hamilton
    Lisa Gay Hamilton is an American film, television, and theater actress known for her role as attorney Rebecca Washington on the ABC legal drama The Practice, and for her critically acclaimed performance as young Sethe in Jonathan Demme's film adaptation of Toni Morrison's Beloved...

    , Actress
  • Ike & Tina Turner
    Tina Turner
    Tina Turner is an American singer and actress whose career has spanned more than 50 years. She has won numerous awards and her achievements in the rock music genre have led many to call her the "Queen of Rock 'n' Roll".Turner started out her music career with husband Ike Turner as a member of the...

    , Recording duo
  • Clara Ward
    Clara Ward
    Clara Ward was an American gospel artist who achieved great success, both artistic and commercial, in the 1940s and 1950s as leader of The Famous Ward Singers....

    , (1924–1973) Gospel singer
  • Nancy Wilson
    Nancy Wilson (singer)
    Nancy Wilson is an American singer with more than 70 albums, and three Grammy Awards. She has been labeled a singer of blues, jazz, cabaret and pop; a "consummate actress"; and "the complete entertainer." The title she prefers, however, is song stylist...

    , Vocalist
  • Angelle Brooks
    Angelle Brooks
    Angelle Brooks is an American film, television and voice actress. She is perhaps best known for her co-starring role as Maxine de la Cruz in the series V.I.P. as well as her recurring roles as Holly Brooks on Malcolm & Eddie and as Toni Ross on The Parkers.Since the mid 1990s, Brooks has guest...

    , Actress
  • Charles Burnett
    Charles Burnett
    Charles Burnett may refer to:*Charles Burnett , American film director*Charles Burnett , Scottish Officer of Arms*Charles Burnett , Royal Air Force officer and Australian Chief of the Air Staff...

    , Filmmaker
  • Loretta Devine
    Loretta Devine
    Loretta Devine is an American stage, film and television actress known for her roles on Boston Public, Grey's Anatomy, and Eli Stone. She also provided her voice for the stop motion animated television series The PJs. Devine is a NAACP Image Award and Emmy award winning actress.-Early life:Devine...

    , Actress
  • Joseph Hill, Doctor and Civil Rights Advocate
  • Sally Hampton
    Sally Hampton
    Sally Hampton is an American writer and film producer living in Los Angeles, USA.She married football player Dave Waymer on June 29, 1981...

    , Writer, Producer, Actress
  • Dave Waymer
    Dave Waymer
    David Benjamin Waymer, Jr. was an American football defensive back in the NFL.Waymer graduated from West Charlotte High School in 1976. He played college football at Notre Dame, graduating in 1980, and was drafted in the 1980 NFL Draft in the second round by the New Orleans Saints, where he...

    , NFL Football Player
  • Regina King
    Regina King
    Regina King is an American film and television actress. She is well known for her role as Mary Jenkins's studious daughter, Brenda Jenkins, on the 1980s sitcom, 227, and for her critically acclaimed supporting role in the feature film Jerry Maguire...

    , Actress
  • Earl Ofari Hutchinson
    Earl Ofari Hutchinson
    Earl Ofari Hutchinson is a journalist, author, and broadcaster.Hutchinson is also the author of nine books about the African American experience. He serves as the President of the National Alliance for Positive Action, and is a contributor to The Huffington Post, Blacknews.com and...

    , Journalist, Author and Broadcaster
  • Cliff Winston, L.A. Radio Legend
  • Geoffrey Styles
  • Leslie Sykes
    Leslie Sykes
    Leslie Ann Sykes is a television news anchor and reporter.-Biography:Leslie Sykes is the morning and midday co-anchor of the "Eyewitness News" at KABC-TV, ABC's owned and operated television station in Los Angeles.Leslie Ann Sykes was born in San Diego, California as the youngest of three children...

    , KABC news anchor
  • Terrence L. Watkins, Management Consultant
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