United Nations Security Council Resolution 1635
Encyclopedia
United Nations
Security Council Resolution
1635, adopted unanimously on October 28, 2005, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
, including resolutions 1565
(2004), 1592
(2005), 1596
(2005), 1621
(2005) and 1628
(2005), the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo
(MONUC) until September 30, 2006.
in the restoration of peace and stability in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It welcomed the commitment of Congolese authorities to promote good governance
and economic management. There was concern at the continuation of hostilities in the east of the country and violations of human rights
and international humanitarian law
.
The Council recognised the link between the illegal exploitation of natural resources and arms trafficking as one of the major factors fuelling the conflict in the country.
, the Council extended MONUC's mandate
and temporarily increased its strength by 300 personnel until July 1, 2006. Congolese parties were urged to ensure free, fair and transparent elections and carry out a reform of the security sector. Meanwhile, the international community
was urged to provide assistance for the reform of the police and armed forces, while MONUC was requested to continue to provide assistance for the political transition process.
Finally, efforts by MONUC to implement the zero-tolerance sexual exploitation
policy were welcomed.
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...
Security Council Resolution
United Nations Security Council Resolution
A United Nations Security Council resolution is a UN resolution adopted by the fifteen members of the Security Council; the UN body charged with "primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security"....
1635, adopted unanimously on October 28, 2005, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Democratic Republic of the Congo
The Democratic Republic of the Congo is a state located in Central Africa. It is the second largest country in Africa by area and the eleventh largest in the world...
, including resolutions 1565
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1565
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1565, adopted unanimously on October 1, 2004, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo until March...
(2004), 1592
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1592
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1592, adopted unanimously on March 30, 2005, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, including Resolution 1565 , the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in the Democratic...
(2005), 1596
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1596
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1596, adopted unanimously on April 18, 2005, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, including resolutions 1493 , 1533 , 1552 , 1565 and 1592 , the Council expanded the arms embargo to include...
(2005), 1621
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1621
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1621, adopted unanimously on September 6, 2005, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, including resolutions 1565 and 1592 , the Council authorised the temporary increase in the strength of the...
(2005) and 1628
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1628
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1628, adopted unanimously on September 30, 2005, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, including resolutions 1565 , 1592 , 1596 and 1621 , the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations...
(2005), the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo
United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo
The United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo or MONUSCO , is a United Nations peacekeeping force in the Democratic Republic of the Congo which was established by the United Nations Security Council in resolutions 1279...
(MONUC) until September 30, 2006.
Observations
The preamble of the resolution emphasised the importance of electionsElections in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Multi-party elections in the DR Congo were held in July 2006, the first multi-party elections in the country since 1960.The 1960 elections, held in the wake of independence, saw Patrice Lumumba become prime minister and Joseph Kasavubu president. In 1965 Mobutu Sese Seko seized power and declared...
in the restoration of peace and stability in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It welcomed the commitment of Congolese authorities to promote good governance
Good governance
Good governance is an indeterminate term used in development literature to describe how public institutions conduct public affairs and manage public resources in order to guarantee the realization of human rights. Governance describes "the process of decision-making and the process by which...
and economic management. There was concern at the continuation of hostilities in the east of the country and violations of human rights
Human rights
Human rights are "commonly understood as inalienable fundamental rights to which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being." Human rights are thus conceived as universal and egalitarian . These rights may exist as natural rights or as legal rights, in both national...
and international humanitarian law
International humanitarian law
International humanitarian law , often referred to as the laws of war, the laws and customs of war or the law of armed conflict, is the legal corpus that comprises "the Geneva Conventions and the Hague Conventions, as well as subsequent treaties, case law, and customary international law." It...
.
The Council recognised the link between the illegal exploitation of natural resources and arms trafficking as one of the major factors fuelling the conflict in the country.
Acts
Acting under Chapter VII of the United Nations CharterChapter VII of the United Nations Charter
Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter sets out the UN Security Council's powers to maintain peace. It allows the Council to "determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression" and to take military and nonmilitary action to "restore international peace...
, the Council extended MONUC's mandate
Mandate (international law)
In international law, a mandate is a binding obligation issued from an inter-governmental organization like the United Nations to a country which is bound to follow the instructions of the organization....
and temporarily increased its strength by 300 personnel until July 1, 2006. Congolese parties were urged to ensure free, fair and transparent elections and carry out a reform of the security sector. Meanwhile, the international community
International community
The international community is a term used in international relations to refer to all peoples, cultures and governments of the world or to a group of them. The term is used to imply the existence of common duties and obligations between them...
was urged to provide assistance for the reform of the police and armed forces, while MONUC was requested to continue to provide assistance for the political transition process.
Finally, efforts by MONUC to implement the zero-tolerance sexual exploitation
Sexual exploitation and abuse in humanitarian response
The sexual exploitation and abuse of beneficiaries by humanitarian workers first came to public attention with the release of a report in February 2002 of a joint assessment mission looking into the issue...
policy were welcomed.
See also
- Kivu conflictKivu conflictThe Kivu conflict is an armed conflict between the military of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Hutu Power group Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda . The United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo also became involved in the conflict...
- Ituri conflictIturi ConflictThe Ituri conflict is a conflict between the agriculturalist Lendu and pastoralist Hema ethnic groups in the Ituri region of the northeastern Democratic Republic of Congo . While there have been many phases to the conflict, the most recent armed clashes ran from 1999 to 2003, with a low-level...
- List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1601 to 1700 (2005 – 2006)
- Second Congo WarSecond Congo WarThe Second Congo War, also known as Coltan War and the Great War of Africa, began in August 1998 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo , and officially ended in July 2003 when the Transitional Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo took power; however, hostilities continue to this...