Ulocladium
Encyclopedia
Ulocladium is a genus
of fungi. Species of this genus contain both plant pathogens and food spoilage agents. Other species contain enzymes that are biological control agents.
Some members of the genus can invade homes and are a sign of moisture because the mold requires water to thrive. They can cause plant diseases or hay fever and more serious infections in immuno-suppressed individuals.
Species of Ulocladium resemble those of genus Alternaria
with which they were once included, but Ulocladium, unlike Alternaria, do not produce alternariol
s, tenuazonic acid
, altersolanols, or macrosporin.
The subspecies 'Ulocladium oudemansii' is utilised as a biocontrol agent against Botrytis cinerea. The New Zealand company Botryzen uses it to control Botrytis bunch rot in the NZ vineyard industry
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
of fungi. Species of this genus contain both plant pathogens and food spoilage agents. Other species contain enzymes that are biological control agents.
Some members of the genus can invade homes and are a sign of moisture because the mold requires water to thrive. They can cause plant diseases or hay fever and more serious infections in immuno-suppressed individuals.
Species of Ulocladium resemble those of genus Alternaria
Alternaria
Alternaria is a genus of ascomycete fungi. Alternaria species are known as major plant pathogens. They are also common allergens in humans, growing indoors and causing hay fever or hypersensitivity reactions that sometimes lead to asthma...
with which they were once included, but Ulocladium, unlike Alternaria, do not produce alternariol
Alternariol
Alternariol is a toxic metabolite of Alternaria fungi. It is an important contaminant in cereals and fruits.Alternariol exhibits antifungal and phytotoxic activity. It is reported to inhibit Cholinesterase....
s, tenuazonic acid
Tenuazonic acid
Tenuazonic acid is a mycotoxin. It is a toxic secondary metabolite, produced by Alternaria and Phoma species...
, altersolanols, or macrosporin.
The subspecies 'Ulocladium oudemansii' is utilised as a biocontrol agent against Botrytis cinerea. The New Zealand company Botryzen uses it to control Botrytis bunch rot in the NZ vineyard industry
Species (approximately 20)
- Ulocladium alternariae (Cooke) Simmons, fungal agent of pistachioPistachioThe pistachio, Pistacia vera in the Anacardiaceae family, is a small tree originally from Persia , which now can also be found in regions of Syria, Lebanon, Turkey, Greece, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, India, Pakistan, Egypt, Sicily and possibly Afghanistan , as well as in the United States,...
- Ulocladium atrumUlocladium atrumUlocladium atrum is a fungal saprophyte.U. atrum is used to control Botrytis cinerea, a fungal pathogen of grapes and other fruit.The species has also been found as a cause of keratitis, inflammation of the cornea.- External links :...
, biocontrol of Botrytis cinereaBotrytis cinereaBotrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic fungus that affects many plant species, although its most notable hosts may be wine grapes. In viticulture, it is commonly known as botrytis bunch rot; in horticulture, it is usually called grey mould or gray mold.The fungus gives rise to two different kinds of... - Ulocladium botrytis Preuss, claimed not a pathogen, but found to cause onychomycosisOnychomycosisOnychomycosis means fungal infection of the nail. It is the most common disease of the nails and constitutes about a half of all nail abnormalities....
- Ulocladium chartarum (G Preuss) EG Simmons, disease in immuno-suppressed patients
- Ulocladium chlamydosporumUlocladium chlamydosporumUlocladium chlamydosporum is a filamentous fungus. This fungus is salt tolerant and has been found in water from the Dead Sea and did not grow out on agar without the presence of salt. The presence of copper and zinc can stimulate growth in U. chlamydosporum, whereas lead, manganese, and...
- Ulocladium consortialeUlocladium consortialeUlocladium consortiale is a fungal plant pathogen, causing disease in caraway seedlings.- External links :* *...
, plant pathogen of caraway - Ulocladium cucurbitae (Letendre & Roum.) EG Simmons, leaf spot pathogen of cucumber
- Ulocladium dauci EG Simmons
- Ulocladium lanuginosum(Harz) EG Simmons
- Ulocladium litoreum Pivkin & Zvereva
- Ulocladium manihoticola JM Yen
- Ulocladium manihoticolum JM Yen
- Ulocladium microspora Moub & Abdel-Hafez
- Ulocladium multiforme EG Simmons
- Ulocladium oblongo-ovoideum XG Zhang & TY Zhang
- Ulocladium ovoideum EG Simmons
- Ulocladium oudemansii EG Simmons
- Ulocladium populi E.G. Simmons, G. Newcombe & A. Shipunov
- Ulocladium septosporum (Preuss) EG Simmons
- Ulocladium tuberculatum EG Simmons