Ulmus americana 'Pendula'
Encyclopedia
The American Elm
Ulmus americana 'Pendula' is considered probably just a forma by Green, although it was originally listed by William Aiton
in Hort. Kew, 1: 320, 1789 as U. americana var. pendula, cloned in England in 1752.
NB: 'Pendula' was later confused with a pendulous variant of U. glabra.
is not known, but the species is highly susceptible to the disease and Elm Yellows
; it is also moderately preferred for feeding and reproduction by the adult Elm Leaf Beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola
http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1603/0022-0493%282001%29094%5B0162%3AROTCEU%5D2.0.CO%3B2, and highly preferred for feeding by the Japanese Beetle Popillia japonica http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1603/0022-0493%282001%29094%5B0445%3APOTCEU%5D2.0.CO%3B2 http://www.sunshinenursery.com/survey.htm in the USA.
U. americana is also the most susceptible of all the elms to verticillium wilt
.
(not mentioned in the NCCPG collection list, possibly owing to confusion with 'Beebe's Weeping'
), and the Netherlands
.
, but none of the progeny were of particular note and are not known to have been cultivated
American Elm
Ulmus americana, generally known as the American Elm or, less commonly, as the White Elm or Water Elm, is a species native to eastern North America, occurring from Nova Scotia west to Alberta and Montana, and south to Florida and central Texas. The American elm is an extremely hardy tree that can...
Ulmus americana 'Pendula' is considered probably just a forma by Green, although it was originally listed by William Aiton
William Aiton
William Aiton was a Scottish botanist.Aiton was born near Hamilton. Having been regularly trained to the profession of a gardener, he travelled to London in 1754, and became assistant to Philip Miller, then superintendent of the Chelsea Physic Garden...
in Hort. Kew, 1: 320, 1789 as U. americana var. pendula, cloned in England in 1752.
NB: 'Pendula' was later confused with a pendulous variant of U. glabra.
Description
The tree was described as vase-shaped with branches pendulous at their extremities .Pests and diseases
The clone's resistance to Dutch Elm DiseaseDutch elm disease
Dutch elm disease is a disease caused by a member of the sac fungi category, affecting elm trees which is spread by the elm bark beetle. Although believed to be originally native to Asia, the disease has been accidentally introduced into America and Europe, where it has devastated native...
is not known, but the species is highly susceptible to the disease and Elm Yellows
Elm Yellows
Elm Yellows is a plant disease of elm trees that is spread by leafhoppers or by root grafts. Elm Yellows, also known as Elm Phloem Necrosis, is very aggressive, with no known cure. Elm Yellows occurs in the Eastern United States and southern Ontario in Canada. It is caused by phytoplasmas which...
; it is also moderately preferred for feeding and reproduction by the adult Elm Leaf Beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola
Xanthogaleruca luteola
Xanthogaleruca luteola, commonly known as the Elm Leaf Beetle, is a serious pest of the elm. Indigenous to Europe, it was accidentally introduced to North America. Both the imagines and larvae feed on the emergent leaves of the elm...
http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1603/0022-0493%282001%29094%5B0162%3AROTCEU%5D2.0.CO%3B2, and highly preferred for feeding by the Japanese Beetle Popillia japonica http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1603/0022-0493%282001%29094%5B0445%3APOTCEU%5D2.0.CO%3B2 http://www.sunshinenursery.com/survey.htm in the USA.
U. americana is also the most susceptible of all the elms to verticillium wilt
Verticillium wilt
Verticillium Wilt is a wilt disease of over 300 species of eudicot plants caused by one of two species of Verticillium fungus, V. dahliae and V. albo-atrum. Many economically important plants are susceptible including cotton, tomatoes, potatoes, eggplants, peppers and ornamentals, as well as others...
.
Cultivation
The tree is only known to have been cultivated in the UK, where only one specimen may survive at BrightonBrighton
Brighton is the major part of the city of Brighton and Hove in East Sussex, England on the south coast of Great Britain...
(not mentioned in the NCCPG collection list, possibly owing to confusion with 'Beebe's Weeping'
Ulmus americana 'Beebe's Weeping'
The American Elm Ulmus americana cultivar Beebe's Weeping was propagated from a tree growing in the wild at Galena, Illinois, by Mr. E. Beebe circa 1889.-Description:...
), and the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
.
Hybrid cultivars
'Pendula' was used in the Dutch elm breeding programme before World War IIWorld War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, but none of the progeny were of particular note and are not known to have been cultivated
Synonymy
- Ulmus americana var. glabra: WalpersWilhelm Gerhard WalpersWilhelm Gerhard Walpers was a German botanist. This botanist is denoted by the author abbreviation Walp. when citing a botanical name.-Works:*Repertorium botanices systematicæ...
, Ann. Bot. Syst. 3: 424, 1852.
Accessions
Europe- Brighton & HoveBrighton & HoveBrighton and Hove is a unitary authority area and city on the south coast of England. It is England's most populous seaside resort.In 1997 Brighton and Hove were joined to form the unitary authority of Brighton and Hove, which was granted city status by Queen Elizabeth II as part of the millennium...
City Council, UK, NCCPG Elm Collection http://www.brighton-hove.gov.uk/index.cfm?request=c1108042, 1 tree at Woodvale Crematorium (along drive) . See 'Cultivation'.