Total penumbral lunar eclipse
Encyclopedia
A total penumbral eclipse is a lunar eclipse
Lunar eclipse
A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes behind the Earth so that the Earth blocks the Sun's rays from striking the Moon. This can occur only when the Sun, Earth, and Moon are aligned exactly, or very closely so, with the Earth in the middle. Hence, a lunar eclipse can only occur the night of a...

 occurs when the moon becomes completely immersed in the penumbral cone of the Earth without touching the umbra.

It is a narrow path for the moon to pass within the peumbral and outside the umbra. It can happen on the Earth's northern or southern penumbral edges. In addition size of the penumbral is sometimes too small to contain the moon. Its width is equal to the angular diameter
Angular diameter
The angular diameter or apparent size of an object as seen from a given position is the “visual diameter” of the object measured as an angle. In the vision sciences it is called the visual angle. The visual diameter is the diameter of the perspective projection of the object on a plane through its...

 of the sun
Sun
The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. It is almost perfectly spherical and consists of hot plasma interwoven with magnetic fields...

 at the time of the eclipse, and the moon's angular diameter is larger than the sun over part of its elliptical orbit, depending on whether the eclipse occurs at its nearest (perigee
Perigee
Perigee is the point at which an object makes its closest approach to the Earth.. Often the term is used in a broader sense to define the point in an orbit where the orbiting body is closest to the body it orbits. The opposite is the apogee, the farthest or highest point.The Greek prefix "peri"...

) or farthest point (apogee) in its orbit around the earth.

Frequency

This occurs in a relatively small fraction of lunar eclipses, and the distribution of these events is uneven, occurring between 0 and 9 times per century. The period of this variation is about 600 years and also correlates with the frequency of total umbral eclipses and tetrads.

Summary frequency 501–2500

Century Totalpenumbral Totalumbral Tetrads
501–600 1 63 0
601–700 2 58 0
701–800 2 69 3
801–900 5 88 8
901–1000 3 78 6
1001–1100 3 62 0
1101–1200 0 60 0
1201–1300 1 60 0
1301–1400 8 77 6
1401–1500 4 83 4
1501–1600 2 76 6
1601–1700 2 61 0
1701–1800 0 60 0
1801–1900 2 62 0
1901–2000 9 81 5
2001–2100 5 84 7
2101–2200 5 69 4
2201–2300 1 61 0
2301–2400 0 60 0
2401–2500 6 69 4

List of events 1901–2100

Ascending nodes Descending nodes
Saros
Saros cycle
The saros is a period of 223 synodic months , that can be used to predict eclipses of the Sun and Moon. One saros after an eclipse, the Sun, Earth, and Moon return to approximately the same relative geometry, and a nearly identical eclipse will occur, in what is referred to as an eclipse cycle...

Date Viewing Chart Saros Date Viewing Chart
110 1901 May 03
114 1908 Dec 07
114 1926 Dec 19
114 1944 Dec 29
116 1948 Oct 18
114 1963 Jan 09
January 1963 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse took place on January 9, 1963.This was a relatively rare total penumbral lunar eclipse with the moon passing entirely within the penumbral shadow without entering the darker umbral shadow....

114 1981 Jan 20
January 1981 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse took place on January 20, 1981.This was a relatively rare total penumbral lunar eclipse with the moon passing entirely within the penumbral shadow without entering the darker umbral shadow....

113 1988 Mar 03
March 1988 lunar eclipse
The partial eclipse lasted just 14 minutes the shortest until December 31, 2009. On September 29, 2042, a partial eclipse of just 0.3% lasting just 12 minutes will be visible.A penumbral lunar eclipse took place on March 3, 1988....

114 1999 Jan 31
January 1999 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse took place on January 31, 1999, the first of two lunar eclipses in 1999.This was a relatively rare total penumbral lunar eclipse with the moon passing entirely within the penumbral shadow without entering the darker umbral shadow...

113 2006 Mar 14
March 2006 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse took place on March 14, 2006, the first of two lunar eclipses in 2006.This was a relatively rare total penumbral lunar eclipse with the moon passing entirely within the penumbral shadow without entering the darker umbral shadow....

119 2053 Aug 29
142 2070 Apr 25
120 2082 Aug 08
148 2099 Sep 29
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