Titulus

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Titulus

You may be looking for titulus (inscription)
Titulus (inscription)

Titulus describes the conventional inscriptions on stone that listed the honours of an individual or that identified boundaries in the Roman Empire....
.

In Christian archeology, a titulus is one of a set number of Early Christian churches

Churches of Rome

There are more than 900 Churches in Rome. Most, but not all, of these are Roman Catholic, with some notable Roman Catholic Marian churches....
(collectively known as "the tituli") built round the edges of the city of Rome

Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
, which were ascribed to patrons, whose names often identified them: "they received the name tituli, from the name of the founder
or proprietor who held the property in custody for the Church".

The most ancient text which alludes to a titulus of this kind is the fourth century defense of Athanasius against the Arian

Arianism

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In Christian archeology, a titulus is one of a set number of Early Christian churches

Churches of Rome

Rome

Arianism

Arianism is the theological teaching of Arius , a Christian priest, who was first ruled a heresy at the First Council of Nicea, later exonerated and then pronounced a heretic again after his death....
s. By the end of the fifth century the Liber Pontificalis
Liber Pontificalis

The Liber Pontificalis is a book of biography of popes from Saint Peter until the 15th century. The original publication of the Liber Pontificalis stopped with Pope Adrian II or Pope Stephen V , but it was later supplemented in a different style until Pope Eugene IV and then Pope Pius II ....
recognized 25 tituli. Three more were added in the twelfth century.

In Roman Catholicism, the holder of one of these churches is a "titular
Titular (Catholicism)

In Roman Catholicism, a titular can be:*the Cardinal who holds a titulus , one of the main churches of Rome. Such holders were initially by tradition native-born Romans ....
". Such holders were initially by tradition native-born Romans (of high social standing). The first church in Rome to have a non-Italian titular was Santi Quattro Coronati

Santi Quattro Coronati

Santi Quattro Coronati is an ancient basilica in Rome. The church dates back to the 4th century, and is devoted to four anonymous saints and martyrs....
: Dietrich of Trier

Trier

Trier is a city in Germany on the banks of the Moselle River. It is the oldest city in Germany, founded in or before 16 BC. Trier is not the only city claiming to be Germany's oldest, but it is the only one that bases this assertion on having the longest history as a city, as opposed to a mere settlement or army camp....
was appointed titular in 975 by Pope Benedict VII

Pope Benedict VII

Benedict VII belonged to the nobility family of the counts of Tusculum. He was elected by the Roman clergy and people under the influence of Sicco, imperial envoy of Emperor Otto II ....
. That basilica

Basilica

The Latin word basilica , was originally used to describe a ancient Rome public building , usually located in the Forum of a Roman town. In Hellenistic cities, public basilicas appeared in the 2nd century BC....
was originally Titulus Aemilianae
Aemilius

Aemilius was the nomen of the gens Aemilia, one of the five most important patrician families of ancient Rome.The Aemilii were a very old clan; they were supposed to have descended from Mamercus, a son of Pythagoras who was surnamed "Aemylos" or "Aimilios" because of his refinement and speaking ability....
, drawing its name in characteristic fashion from its foundress, who doubtless owned the extensive suburban Roman villa

Roman villa

A Roman villa is a villa that was built or lived in during the Roman republic and the Roman Empire. A villa was originally a Rome country house built for the upper class....
whose foundations remain under the church and whose audience hall became the ecclesiastical basilica

Basilica

College of Cardinals

The Sacred College of Cardinals is the body of all Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. The College plays two roles in the church:*participating in Papal conclave when the Holy See is vacant, and...
in the order of cardinal-presbyter is appointed a titular church. The Cardinalate developed from the senior clergy in and around the Diocese of Rome (the seven bishops of suburban towns, the fourteen deacons of the diocese, and the priests/presbyters of Roman parishes). As the college was internationalized, each cardinal was given a titulus, making him an honorary member of the Roman clergy. Today, the cardinal-presbyters have a loose patronal relationship with their titular churches (their names and coats of arms are inscribed on a plaque in the church, and many raise funds for their churches' maintenance and restoration), but they no longer participate in the actual management of the parish. (Likewise, the cardinal-bishops are given honorary title to one of the suburbicarian dioceses, and the cardinal-deacons, today much more than fourteen in number, are given a similar relationship to churches as their deaconries.)

Titulus

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