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Submucosa

 
Submucosa

 
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Submucosa
 
 
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In the gastrointestinal tract
Gastrointestinal tract

The digestive tract is the system of Organ s within multicellular animals that takes in food, digestion it to extract energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste....
, the submucosa is the layer of dense irregular connective tissue that supports the mucosa, as well as joins the mucosa to the bulk of underlying smooth muscle
Smooth muscle

Smooth muscle is a type of non-striated muscle, found within the tunica media layer of large and small arteries and veins, the urinary bladder, uterus, male and female reproductive tracts, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, the ciliary muscle, and iris of the eye....
 (fibers running circularly within layer of longitudinal muscle).

d vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves (all supplying the mucosa) will run through here.

Tiny parasympathetic ganglia are scattered around forming the submucosal plexus (or "Meissner's plexus") where preganglionic parasympathetic neurons synapse with postganglionic nerve fibers that supply the muscularis mucosae
Muscularis mucosae

The lamina muscularis mucosae is the thin layer of smooth muscle found in most parts of the gastrointestinal tract, located outside the Lamina propria and separating it from the submucosa....
.

tification of the submucosa plays an important role in diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy
Endoscopy

Endoscopy means looking inside and typically refers to looking inside the body for medical reasons using an instrument called an endoscope....
, where special fibre-optic cameras are used to perform procedures on the gastrointestinal tract
Gastrointestinal tract

The digestive tract is the system of Organ s within multicellular animals that takes in food, digestion it to extract energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste....
.






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Encyclopedia


In the gastrointestinal tract
Gastrointestinal tract

The digestive tract is the system of Organ s within multicellular animals that takes in food, digestion it to extract energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste....
, the submucosa is the layer of dense irregular connective tissue that supports the mucosa, as well as joins the mucosa to the bulk of underlying smooth muscle
Smooth muscle

Smooth muscle is a type of non-striated muscle, found within the tunica media layer of large and small arteries and veins, the urinary bladder, uterus, male and female reproductive tracts, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, the ciliary muscle, and iris of the eye....
 (fibers running circularly within layer of longitudinal muscle).

Contents

Blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves (all supplying the mucosa) will run through here.

Tiny parasympathetic ganglia are scattered around forming the submucosal plexus (or "Meissner's plexus") where preganglionic parasympathetic neurons synapse with postganglionic nerve fibers that supply the muscularis mucosae
Muscularis mucosae

The lamina muscularis mucosae is the thin layer of smooth muscle found in most parts of the gastrointestinal tract, located outside the Lamina propria and separating it from the submucosa....
.

The submucosa in endoscopy

Identification of the submucosa plays an important role in diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy
Endoscopy

Endoscopy means looking inside and typically refers to looking inside the body for medical reasons using an instrument called an endoscope....
, where special fibre-optic cameras are used to perform procedures on the gastrointestinal tract
Gastrointestinal tract

The digestive tract is the system of Organ s within multicellular animals that takes in food, digestion it to extract energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste....
. Abnormalities of the submucosa, such as gastrointestinal stromal tumor
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor

A gastrointestinal stromal tumor is a rare disease tumor of the gastrointestinal tract . They are a type of mesenchyme tumor and typically defined as tumors whose behavior is driven by genetic mutations in the CD117 gene or PDGFRA gene, and may or may not staining positively for Kit....
s, usually show integrity of the mucosal surface
Surface

In mathematics, specifically in topology, a surface is a two-dimensional topological manifold. The most familiar examples are those that arise as the boundaries of solid objects in ordinary three-dimensional Euclidean space E3....
.

The submucosa is also identified in endoscopic ultrasound
Endoscopic ultrasound

Endoscopic ultrasound or echo-endoscopy is a medical procedure in endoscopy is combined with ultrasound to obtain images of the viscus in the thorax and abdomen....
 to identify the depth of tumours and to identify other abnormalities. An injection of dye
Dye

A dye can generally be described as a colored substance that has an Chemical affinity to the Wiktionary:substrate to which it is being applied....
, saline
Saline (medicine)

In medicine, saline is a general term referring to a sterile solution of sodium chloride in water. It is used for intravenous infusion, rinsing contact lenses, and nasal irrigation....
, or epinephrine
Epinephrine

Epinephrine is a hormone and neurotransmitter.Epinephrine increases the "fight or flight" response of the Sympathetic nervous system of the autonomic nervous system....
 into the submucosa is imperative in the safe removal of certain polyps
Polyp (medicine)

A polyp is an abnormal growth of tissue projecting from a mucous membrane. If it is attached to the surface by a narrow elongated pedicle it is said to be pedunculated....
.

Endoscopic mucosal resection
Resection

Resection can mean:*Resection, in surgery, the partial or complete removal of an organ or other bodily structure. A doctor may say that a cancer is resectable....
 involves removal of the mucosal layer, and in order to be done safely, a submucosal injection of dye is performed to ensure integrity at the beginning of the procedure.

See also

  • Small intestinal submucosa
    Small intestinal submucosa

    Small Intestinal Submucosa Small intestinal submucosa is a common, non-Immunogenicity material used in several clinical applications. Some uses under investigation include a scaffold for intervertebral disc regeneration....


Additional images


External links

- "Mammal, whole system (LM, Low)" - "Tissues, Layers, and Organs: transverse section of rat gut" - "Duodenum and Jejunum"