Simple Biosphere model
Encyclopedia
In climate modelling, the simple biosphere model (SiB) is a model of the biosphere
for use with atmospheric general circulation models
(GCMs) that attempts to incorporate a biophysical realism in the formulation of the radiation balance
and of energy at a level of appropriate sophistication to exist in the models GCMs
An interactive method of optimization was used to define a new group of morphological and physiological parameters to the vegetation. Micrometeorological measures including energy flows collected above of the Amazonian Forest’s dossal were used to validate and to calibrate the parameters of the SiB. The new group of parameters generated a better adjustment between the calculated latent and sensible heat flows and the observed ones. The values of the dossal conductance found in this work were smaller than those described in the literature, and it was evidenced that the stomatal response to the water vapor pressure deficit and to the leaf water potential plays an important role in the assessing of daily transpiration
of the tropical forest.
The strategy adopted by the researchers in this model was to model the own vegetation allowing that the plants determine by itself its interaction with the atmosphere. The vegetation was separated in two different layers; the first one was composed by trees and bushes (higher plants) and the other one by grass and herbaceous plants (lower plants). The SiB model requires parameters of the morphological, physical and physiological plants properties. The model SiB has in its formulation seven prognostic variables of the physical state: two temperatures, two of storage of water in the plant, and three layers indicating the humidity
of the soil.
An updated version is named Revised Simple Biosphere Model (SIB-2)
.
Biosphere
The biosphere is the global sum of all ecosystems. It can also be called the zone of life on Earth, a closed and self-regulating system...
for use with atmospheric general circulation models
Global climate model
A General Circulation Model is a mathematical model of the general circulation of a planetary atmosphere or ocean and based on the Navier–Stokes equations on a rotating sphere with thermodynamic terms for various energy sources . These equations are the basis for complex computer programs commonly...
(GCMs) that attempts to incorporate a biophysical realism in the formulation of the radiation balance
Earth's radiation balance
Earth's radiation balance is the equation of the incoming and outgoing thermal radiation.The incoming solar radiation is short wave, therefore the equation below is called the short wave radiation balance Qs:* G = global radiation...
and of energy at a level of appropriate sophistication to exist in the models GCMs
An interactive method of optimization was used to define a new group of morphological and physiological parameters to the vegetation. Micrometeorological measures including energy flows collected above of the Amazonian Forest’s dossal were used to validate and to calibrate the parameters of the SiB. The new group of parameters generated a better adjustment between the calculated latent and sensible heat flows and the observed ones. The values of the dossal conductance found in this work were smaller than those described in the literature, and it was evidenced that the stomatal response to the water vapor pressure deficit and to the leaf water potential plays an important role in the assessing of daily transpiration
Transpiration
Transpiration is a process similar to evaporation. It is a part of the water cycle, and it is the loss of water vapor from parts of plants , especially in leaves but also in stems, flowers and roots. Leaf surfaces are dotted with openings which are collectively called stomata, and in most plants...
of the tropical forest.
The strategy adopted by the researchers in this model was to model the own vegetation allowing that the plants determine by itself its interaction with the atmosphere. The vegetation was separated in two different layers; the first one was composed by trees and bushes (higher plants) and the other one by grass and herbaceous plants (lower plants). The SiB model requires parameters of the morphological, physical and physiological plants properties. The model SiB has in its formulation seven prognostic variables of the physical state: two temperatures, two of storage of water in the plant, and three layers indicating the humidity
Humidity
Humidity is a term for the amount of water vapor in the air, and can refer to any one of several measurements of humidity. Formally, humid air is not "moist air" but a mixture of water vapor and other constituents of air, and humidity is defined in terms of the water content of this mixture,...
of the soil.
An updated version is named Revised Simple Biosphere Model (SIB-2)
Revised Simple Biosphere Model (SIB-2)
The model SIB-2 built by Sellers et al. it is improvement of the model Sib-1, whose model innovation is the use satellite images in global ambit, to obtain the vegetation phenology...
.