All Topics  
Siloxane

 

 
   Email Print
   Bookmark   Link
 

 

Siloxane
 
 
  Topics Siloxane Topic Home

A siloxane is any chemical compound
Chemical compound

A chemical compound is a Chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemical element Chemical bond together in a fixed mass ratio that can be split into simpler substances....
 composed of units of the form R2Si
Silicon

Silicon is the most common metalloid. It is a chemical element, which has the symbol Si and atomic number 14. The atomic mass is 28.0855....
O
Oxygen

Oxygen no O2 produced; 2) O2 produced, but absorbed in oceans & seabed rock; 3) O2 starts to gas out of the oceans, but is absorbed by land surfaces and formation of ozone layer; 4-5) O2 sinks filled and the gas accumulates]]...
, where R is a hydrogen
Hydrogen

Hydrogen is the chemical element with atomic number 1. It is represented by the chemical symbol H. At standard temperature and pressure, hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, nonmetallic, tasteless, highly combustion and explosive Diatomic molecule gas with the molecular formula H2....
 atom or a hydrocarbon
Hydrocarbon

In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. With relation to chemical terminology, aromatic hydrocarbons or arenes, alkanes, alkenes and alkyne-based compounds composed entirely of carbon or hydrogen are referred to as "pure" hydrocarbons, whereas other hydrocarbons with bonded com...
 group. A siloxane has a branched or unbranched backbone of alternating silicon
Silicon

Silicon is the most common metalloid. It is a chemical element, which has the symbol Si and atomic number 14. The atomic mass is 28.0855....
 and oxygen
Oxygen

Oxygen no O2 produced; 2) O2 produced, but absorbed in oceans & seabed rock; 3) O2 starts to gas out of the oceans, but is absorbed by land surfaces and formation of ozone layer; 4-5) O2 sinks filled and the gas accumulates]]...
 atoms -Si-O-Si-O-, with side chains R attached to the silicon atoms.

The word siloxane is derived from the words silicon, oxygen, and alkane
Alkane

Alkanes, also known as paraffins, are chemical compounds that consist only of the elements carbon and hydrogen , wherein these atoms are linked together exclusively by single bonds without any cyclic structure ....
.

Polymer
Polymer

A polymer is a large molecule composed of repeating structural units typically connected by covalent chemical bonds. While polymer in popular usage suggests plastic, the term actually refers to a large class of natural and synthetic materials with a variety of properties....
ized siloxanes with organic
Organic compound

An organic compound is any member of a large class of chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon. For historical reasons discussed below, a few types of compounds such as carbonates, simple oxides of carbon and cyanides, as well as the allotropes of carbon, are considered Inorganic compound....
 side chains (R ? H) are commonly known as silicone
Silicone

Silicones are largely inert, man-made compounds with a wide variety of forms and uses. Typically heat-resistant, nonstick, and rubberlike, they are commonly used in cookware, medicine, sealants, adhesives, lubricants, and insulation....
s or as polysiloxanes.






Discussion
Ask a question about 'Siloxane'
Start a new discussion about 'Siloxane'
Answer questions from other users
Full Discussion Forum



Encyclopedia


A siloxane is any chemical compound
Chemical compound

A chemical compound is a Chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemical element Chemical bond together in a fixed mass ratio that can be split into simpler substances....
 composed of units of the form R2Si
Silicon

Silicon is the most common metalloid. It is a chemical element, which has the symbol Si and atomic number 14. The atomic mass is 28.0855....
O
Oxygen

Oxygen no O2 produced; 2) O2 produced, but absorbed in oceans & seabed rock; 3) O2 starts to gas out of the oceans, but is absorbed by land surfaces and formation of ozone layer; 4-5) O2 sinks filled and the gas accumulates]]...
, where R is a hydrogen
Hydrogen

Hydrogen is the chemical element with atomic number 1. It is represented by the chemical symbol H. At standard temperature and pressure, hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, nonmetallic, tasteless, highly combustion and explosive Diatomic molecule gas with the molecular formula H2....
 atom or a hydrocarbon
Hydrocarbon

In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. With relation to chemical terminology, aromatic hydrocarbons or arenes, alkanes, alkenes and alkyne-based compounds composed entirely of carbon or hydrogen are referred to as "pure" hydrocarbons, whereas other hydrocarbons with bonded com...
 group. A siloxane has a branched or unbranched backbone of alternating silicon
Silicon

Silicon is the most common metalloid. It is a chemical element, which has the symbol Si and atomic number 14. The atomic mass is 28.0855....
 and oxygen
Oxygen

Oxygen no O2 produced; 2) O2 produced, but absorbed in oceans & seabed rock; 3) O2 starts to gas out of the oceans, but is absorbed by land surfaces and formation of ozone layer; 4-5) O2 sinks filled and the gas accumulates]]...
 atoms -Si-O-Si-O-, with side chains R attached to the silicon atoms.

The word siloxane is derived from the words silicon, oxygen, and alkane
Alkane

Alkanes, also known as paraffins, are chemical compounds that consist only of the elements carbon and hydrogen , wherein these atoms are linked together exclusively by single bonds without any cyclic structure ....
.

Polymer
Polymer

A polymer is a large molecule composed of repeating structural units typically connected by covalent chemical bonds. While polymer in popular usage suggests plastic, the term actually refers to a large class of natural and synthetic materials with a variety of properties....
ized siloxanes with organic
Organic compound

An organic compound is any member of a large class of chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon. For historical reasons discussed below, a few types of compounds such as carbonates, simple oxides of carbon and cyanides, as well as the allotropes of carbon, are considered Inorganic compound....
 side chains (R ? H) are commonly known as silicone
Silicone

Silicones are largely inert, man-made compounds with a wide variety of forms and uses. Typically heat-resistant, nonstick, and rubberlike, they are commonly used in cookware, medicine, sealants, adhesives, lubricants, and insulation....
s or as polysiloxanes. Representative examples are [SiO(CH3)2]n (polydimethylsiloxane
Polydimethylsiloxane

Polydimethylsiloxane belong to a group of polymeric organosilicon compounds which are commonly refered to as silicones. PDMS is the most widely used silicon-based organic compound polymer, and is particularly known for its unusual rheology properties....
) and [SiO(C6H5)2]n (polydiphenylsiloxane). These compounds can be viewed as a hybrid of both organic and inorganic compounds. The organic side chains confer hydrophobic properties while the -Si-O-Si-O- backbone is purely inorganic.

Naming

M-units: (CH3)3SiO½, D-units: (CH3)2SiO, T-units: (CH3)SiO2
Cyclic siloxanesLinear siloxanes
D3: hexamethylcyclotrisiloxaneMM: hexamethyldidiloxane
D4: octamethylcyclotetrasiloxaneMDM: octamethyltrisiloxane
D5: decamethylcyclopentasiloxaneMD2M: decamethyltetrasiloxane
D6: dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxaneMDnM: polydimethylsiloxane
Polydimethylsiloxane

Polydimethylsiloxane belong to a group of polymeric organosilicon compounds which are commonly refered to as silicones. PDMS is the most widely used silicon-based organic compound polymer, and is particularly known for its unusual rheology properties....


Applications


Siloxanes can be found in products such as cosmetics
Cosmetics

Cosmetics are substances used to enhance or protect the appearance or odor of the human body. Cosmetics include skin-care Cream , lotions, Powder , perfumes, lipsticks, fingernail and toe nail polish, eye and facial makeup, permanent waves, colored contact lenses, hair colors, hair sprays and gels, deodorants, baby products, bath oils, bubb...
, deodorant
Deodorant

Deodorants are substances applied to the body mainly to reduce body odor which is caused by the bacterial breakdown of perspiration. A subgroup of deodorants are "antiperspirants", which prevent odor and reduce sweat produced by parts of the body....
, defoamer
Defoamer

file:antifoam.jpgA defoamer or an anti-foaming agent is a chemical additive that reduces and hinders the formation of foam in industrial process liquids....
s, water repelling windshield coating, food additives and some soap
SOAP

SOAP, originally defined as Simple Object Access Protocol, is a protocol specification for exchanging structured information in the implementation of Web Services in computer networks....
s. They occur in landfill gas and are being evaluated as alternatives to perchloroethylene
Tetrachloroethylene

Tetrachloroethylene, also known under its systematic name tetrachloroethene and as perchloroethylene, perchloroethene, perc, and PCE, is a chlorocarbon with the formula Cl2C=CCl2....
 for drycleaning. Perchloroethylene is widely considered environmentally undesirable.

Siloxanes in biogas

In internal combustion engines, siloxane deposits on pistons and cylinder heads are extremely abrasive and cause damage to the internal components of the engine. Engines can require a complete overhaul at 5,000 h or less of operation. Deposits on the turbine of the turbocharger will eventually reduce the components efficiency.

Stirling engine
Stirling engine

A Stirling engine is a device that converts heat energy into mechanical power by alternately compressing and expanding a fixed quantity of air or other gas at different temperatures....
s are more resistant against siloxanes, though deposits on the tubes of the heat exchanger will reduce the efficiency.

External links