Setema
Encyclopedia
Setema is one of the 180 woreda
s in the Oromia Region
of Ethiopia
. Located in the western part of the Jimma Zone
, Setema is bordered on the south by Gera
, on the west by Sigmo
, on the north by the Illubabor Zone
, and on the southeast by Gomma
. The administrative center of the woreda is Gatira.
. A survey of the land in this woreda shows that 27.2% is arable or cultivable (20.8% was under annual crops), 13.1% pasture, 55.1% forest
, and the remaining 4.6% is considered degraded, builtup or otherwise unusable. The majority of the Sigmo-Geba State Forest, about 100 square kilometers in size, is located in Setema. Teff
, corn
, and sheep are important cash crops. Although coffee
is also an important cash crop in this woreda, less than 20 square kilometers are planted with this crop.
Industry in the woreda includes 32 grain mills. There were 18 Farmers Associations with 17,623 members and 5 Farmers Service Cooperatives with 7,562 members. Setema has 35 kilometers of all-weather road, for an average road density of 31.6 kilometers per 1000 square kilometers. About 60% of the urban and 9.6% of the rural population has access to drinking water
.
in 2005, this woreda has an estimated total population of 117,275, of whom 59,069 are men and 58,206 are women; 4,147 or 3.54% of its population are urban dwellers, which is less than the Zone average of 12.3%. With an estimated area of 1,106.10 square kilometers, Setema has an estimated population density of 106 people per square kilometer, which is less than the Zone average of 150.6.
The 1994 national census reported a total population for this woreda of 84,655, of whom 42,234 were men and 42,421 women; 2,318 or 2.74% of its population were urban dwellers at the time. The three largest ethnic groups reported in Setema were the Oromo
(96.48%), the Amhara
(2.22%), and the Tigray
(1.0%); all other ethnic groups made up 0.3% of the population. Oromiffa
was spoken as a first language by 97.17%, 1.75% spoke Amharic
, and 0.97% spoke Tigrinya
; the remaining 0.11% spoke all other primary languages reported. The majority of the inhabitants were Muslim
, with 96.84% of the population having reported they practiced that belief, while 2.89% of the population said they professed Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity.
Woreda
Woreda is an administrative division of Ethiopia , equivalent to a district . Woredas are composed of a number of Kebele, or neighborhood associations, which are the smallest unit of local government in Ethiopia...
s in the Oromia Region
Oromia Region
Oromia is one of the nine ethnic divisions of Ethiopia...
of Ethiopia
Ethiopia
Ethiopia , officially known as the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is the second-most populous nation in Africa, with over 82 million inhabitants, and the tenth-largest by area, occupying 1,100,000 km2...
. Located in the western part of the Jimma Zone
Jimma Zone
Jimma is one of the 17 Zones of the Ethiopian Region of Oromia. Jimma is named for the former Kingdom of Jimma, which was absorbed into the former province of Kaffa in 1932...
, Setema is bordered on the south by Gera
Gera (woreda)
Gera is one of the 180 woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. It is named after the former Kingdom of Gera, whose territory was approximately the same as the modern woreda...
, on the west by Sigmo
Sigmo (woreda)
Sigmo is one of the 180 woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. This woreda shares the same name as its administrative center, Sigmo. Located in the western part of the Jimma Zone, Sigmo is bordered on the south by Gera, on the west by the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region, on...
, on the north by the Illubabor Zone
Illubabor Zone
Illubabor is one of the 17 zones of the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. Illubabor is named for the former province Illubabor. It is bordered on the south by the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region, on the southwest by the Gambela Region, on the west by Misraq Welega, on the north by the...
, and on the southeast by Gomma
Gomma (woreda)
Gomma is one of the 180 woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. It is named after the former Kingdom of Gomma, whose territory was roughly the same as the modern woreda...
. The administrative center of the woreda is Gatira.
Overview
The altitude of this woreda ranges from 2250 to 3010 meters above sea level. The highest points are in the Damu Siga mountain range. Perennial rivers include the Onja, Salako, Gidache and GebbaGebba River
The Gebba is a river of southwestern Ethiopia. It is a tributary of the Baro River, which is created when the Gebba joins the Birbir at latitude and longitude ....
. A survey of the land in this woreda shows that 27.2% is arable or cultivable (20.8% was under annual crops), 13.1% pasture, 55.1% forest
Forestry in Ethiopia
In the late nineteenth century, about 30% of Ethiopia was covered with forest. The clearing of land for agricultural use and the cutting of trees for fuel gradually changed the scene, and today forest areas have dwindled to less than 4% of Ethiopia's total land. The northern parts of the highlands...
, and the remaining 4.6% is considered degraded, builtup or otherwise unusable. The majority of the Sigmo-Geba State Forest, about 100 square kilometers in size, is located in Setema. Teff
Teff
Eragrostis tef, known as teff, taf , or khak shir , is an annual grass, a species of lovegrass native to the northern Ethiopian Highlands of Northeast Africa....
, corn
Maize
Maize known in many English-speaking countries as corn or mielie/mealie, is a grain domesticated by indigenous peoples in Mesoamerica in prehistoric times. The leafy stalk produces ears which contain seeds called kernels. Though technically a grain, maize kernels are used in cooking as a vegetable...
, and sheep are important cash crops. Although coffee
Coffee
Coffee is a brewed beverage with a dark,init brooo acidic flavor prepared from the roasted seeds of the coffee plant, colloquially called coffee beans. The beans are found in coffee cherries, which grow on trees cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in equatorial Latin America, Southeast Asia,...
is also an important cash crop in this woreda, less than 20 square kilometers are planted with this crop.
Industry in the woreda includes 32 grain mills. There were 18 Farmers Associations with 17,623 members and 5 Farmers Service Cooperatives with 7,562 members. Setema has 35 kilometers of all-weather road, for an average road density of 31.6 kilometers per 1000 square kilometers. About 60% of the urban and 9.6% of the rural population has access to drinking water
Water supply and sanitation in Ethiopia
Access to water supply and sanitation in Ethiopia is amongst the lowest in Sub-Saharan Africa and the entire world. While access has increased substantially with funding from external aid, much still remains to be done to achieve the Millennium Development Goal of halving the share of people...
.
Demographics
Based on figures published by the Central Statistical AgencyCentral Statistical Agency (Ethiopia)
The Central Statistical Agency is an agency of the government of Ethiopia designated to provide all surveys and censuses for that country used to monitor economic and social growth, as well as to act as an official training center in that field. It is part of the Ethiopian Ministry of Finance and...
in 2005, this woreda has an estimated total population of 117,275, of whom 59,069 are men and 58,206 are women; 4,147 or 3.54% of its population are urban dwellers, which is less than the Zone average of 12.3%. With an estimated area of 1,106.10 square kilometers, Setema has an estimated population density of 106 people per square kilometer, which is less than the Zone average of 150.6.
The 1994 national census reported a total population for this woreda of 84,655, of whom 42,234 were men and 42,421 women; 2,318 or 2.74% of its population were urban dwellers at the time. The three largest ethnic groups reported in Setema were the Oromo
Oromo people
The Oromo are an ethnic group found in Ethiopia, northern Kenya, .and parts of Somalia. With 30 million members, they constitute the single largest ethnic group in Ethiopia and approximately 34.49% of the population according to the 2007 census...
(96.48%), the Amhara
Amhara people
Amhara are a highland people inhabiting the Northwestern highlands of Ethiopia. Numbering about 19.8 million people, they comprise 26% of the country's population, according to the 2007 national census...
(2.22%), and the Tigray
Tigray-Tigrinya people
Tigray-Tigrinya are an ethnic group who live in the southern, central and northern parts of Eritrea and the northern highlands of Ethiopia's Tigray province. They also live in Ethiopia's former provinces of Begemder and Wollo, which are today mostly part of Amhara Region, though a few regions...
(1.0%); all other ethnic groups made up 0.3% of the population. Oromiffa
Oromo language
Oromo, also known as Afaan Oromo, Oromiffa, Afan Boran, Afan Orma, and sometimes in other languages by variant spellings of these names , is an Afro-Asiatic language, and the most widely spoken of the Cushitic family. Forms of Oromo are spoken as a first language by more than 25 million Oromo and...
was spoken as a first language by 97.17%, 1.75% spoke Amharic
Amharic language
Amharic is a Semitic language spoken in Ethiopia. It is the second most-spoken Semitic language in the world, after Arabic, and the official working language of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. Thus, it has official status and is used nationwide. Amharic is also the official or working...
, and 0.97% spoke Tigrinya
Tigrinya language
Tigrinya , also spelled Tigrigna, Tigrnia, Tigrina, Tigriña, less commonly Tigrinian, Tigrinyan, is a Semitic language spoken by the Tigrinya people in central Eritrea , where it is one of the two main languages of Eritrea, and in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia , where it...
; the remaining 0.11% spoke all other primary languages reported. The majority of the inhabitants were Muslim
Islam in Ethiopia
According to the latest 2007 national census, Islam is the second most widely practised religion in Ethiopia after Christianity, with over 25 million of Ethiopians adhering to Islam according to the 2007 national census, having arrived in Ethiopia in 615...
, with 96.84% of the population having reported they practiced that belief, while 2.89% of the population said they professed Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity.