SHARON Wastewater Treatment
Encyclopedia
SHARON is a sewage treatment
process.
A partial nitrification
process of sewage treatment used for the removal of ammonia
and organic nitrogen components from wastewater flow streams. The process results in stable nitrite
formation, rather than complete oxidation to nitrate
. Nitrate formation by nitrafying bacteria (such as Nitrobacter
) is prevented by adjusting temperature, pH, and retention time to select for nitrifying bacteria (such as Nitrosomonas
).
Denitrification
of waste streams utilizing SHARON reactors can proceed with an annoxic reduction, such as anammox
.
Sewage treatment
Sewage treatment, or domestic wastewater treatment, is the process of removing contaminants from wastewater and household sewage, both runoff and domestic. It includes physical, chemical, and biological processes to remove physical, chemical and biological contaminants...
process.
A partial nitrification
Nitrification
Nitrification is the biological oxidation of ammonia with oxygen into nitrite followed by the oxidation of these nitrites into nitrates. Degradation of ammonia to nitrite is usually the rate limiting step of nitrification. Nitrification is an important step in the nitrogen cycle in soil...
process of sewage treatment used for the removal of ammonia
Ammonia
Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula . It is a colourless gas with a characteristic pungent odour. Ammonia contributes significantly to the nutritional needs of terrestrial organisms by serving as a precursor to food and fertilizers. Ammonia, either directly or...
and organic nitrogen components from wastewater flow streams. The process results in stable nitrite
Nitrite
The nitrite ion has the chemical formula NO2−. The anion is symmetric with equal N-O bond lengths and a O-N-O bond angle of ca. 120°. On protonation the unstable weak acid nitrous acid is produced. Nitrite can be oxidised or reduced, with product somewhat dependent on the oxidizing/reducing agent...
formation, rather than complete oxidation to nitrate
Nitrate
The nitrate ion is a polyatomic ion with the molecular formula NO and a molecular mass of 62.0049 g/mol. It is the conjugate base of nitric acid, consisting of one central nitrogen atom surrounded by three identically-bonded oxygen atoms in a trigonal planar arrangement. The nitrate ion carries a...
. Nitrate formation by nitrafying bacteria (such as Nitrobacter
Nitrobacter
Nitrobacter is genus of mostly rod-shaped, gram-negative, and chemoautotrophic bacteria.Nitrobacter plays an important role in the nitrogen cycle by oxidizing nitrite into nitrate in soil...
) is prevented by adjusting temperature, pH, and retention time to select for nitrifying bacteria (such as Nitrosomonas
Nitrosomonas
Nitrosomonas is a genus comprising rod shaped chemoautotrophic bacteria.This rare bacteria oxidizes ammonia into nitrite as a metabolic process. Nitrosomonas are useful in treatment of industrial and sewage waste and in the process of bioremediation. They are important in the nitrogen cycle by...
).
Denitrification
Denitrification
Denitrification is a microbially facilitated process of nitrate reduction that may ultimately produce molecular nitrogen through a series of intermediate gaseous nitrogen oxide products....
of waste streams utilizing SHARON reactors can proceed with an annoxic reduction, such as anammox
Anammox
Anammox, an abbreviation for ANaerobic AMMonium OXidation, is a globally important microbial process of the nitrogen cycle . The bacteria mediating this process were identified in 1991, and at the time were a great surprise for the scientific community...
.