A
resuscitator is a device using positive pressure to inflate the lungs of an
unconsciousIn phonology, syncope is the loss of one or more sounds from the interior of a word; especially, the loss of an unstressed vowel.-Syncope as a historical sound change:...
person who is
not breathingApnea, apnoea, or apnœa is a term for suspension of external breathing. During apnea there is no movement of the muscles of respiration and the volume of the lungs initially remains unchanged...
, in order to keep him
oxygenOxygen Oxygen Oxygen (acid, literally "sharp", from the taste of acids) and -γενής (-genēs) (producer, literally begetter) is the element with atomic number 8 and represented by the symbol O...
ated and alive. There are three basic types: a
manual version (also known as a
bag valve maskA bag valve mask is a hand-held device used to provide positive pressure ventilation to a patient who is not breathing or who is breathing inadequately. The device is a normal part of a resuscitation kit for trained professional, such as ambulance crew. The BVM is frequently used in hospitals,...
) consisting of a mask and a large hand-squeezed plastic bulb using ambient air, or with supplemental oxygen from a high-pressure tank. The second type is a
pulmonary or breath powered resuscitator.
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A
resuscitator is a device using positive pressure to inflate the lungs of an
unconsciousIn phonology, syncope is the loss of one or more sounds from the interior of a word; especially, the loss of an unstressed vowel.-Syncope as a historical sound change:...
person who is
not breathingApnea, apnoea, or apnœa is a term for suspension of external breathing. During apnea there is no movement of the muscles of respiration and the volume of the lungs initially remains unchanged...
, in order to keep him
oxygenOxygen Oxygen Oxygen (acid, literally "sharp", from the taste of acids) and -γενής (-genēs) (producer, literally begetter) is the element with atomic number 8 and represented by the symbol O...
ated and alive. There are three basic types: a
manual version (also known as a
bag valve maskA bag valve mask is a hand-held device used to provide positive pressure ventilation to a patient who is not breathing or who is breathing inadequately. The device is a normal part of a resuscitation kit for trained professional, such as ambulance crew. The BVM is frequently used in hospitals,...
) consisting of a mask and a large hand-squeezed plastic bulb using ambient air, or with supplemental oxygen from a high-pressure tank. The second type is a
pulmonary or breath powered resuscitator. The first po the second type was the White Pulmonay Resuscitator or W.P.R. introduced in 1981. The third type is an
oxygen powered resuscitator. These are driven by pressurized gas delivered by a regulator, and can either be automatic or manually controlled. The most popular type of gas powered resuscitator are Time Cycled, Volume Constant Ventilators. In the early days of pre-hospital emergency services, pressure cycled devices like the Pulmotor were popular but yielded less than satisfactory results. One of the first modern resuscitation ventilators was the HARV, later called the PneuPac 2R or Yellow Box. The workings of most modern resuscitators are arranged so that the patient will be able to breathe on his own on should he resume the ability to do so. All resuscitation devices should be able to deliver >85% oxygen when a gas source is available.
Response Considerations
A manual resuscitator should be used on a victim only in an environment where the air is unquestionably safe to breathe.
Spelling
The misspelling
rescuscitator is often encountered, due in no small part to the device being an important piece of
rescueRescue refers to operations that usually involve the saving of life, or prevention of injury.Tools used might include search dogs, search and rescue horses, helicopters, and the "Jaws of Life" and other hydraulic cutting and spreading tools used to extricate individuals from wrecked vehicles...
equipment.