Renal glucose reabsorption
Encyclopedia
Renal glucose reabsorption is the part of renal physiology
that deals with the retrieval of filtered glucose
, preventing it from disappearing from the body through the urine.
If glucose is not reabsorbed by the kidney, it appears in the urine, in a condition known as glucosuria. This is associated with diabetes mellitus
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Renal physiology
Renal physiology is the study of the physiology of the kidney. This encompasses all functions of the kidney, including reabsorption of glucose, amino acids, and other small molecules; regulation of sodium, potassium, and other electrolytes; regulation of fluid balance and blood pressure;...
that deals with the retrieval of filtered glucose
Glucose
Glucose is a simple sugar and an important carbohydrate in biology. Cells use it as the primary source of energy and a metabolic intermediate...
, preventing it from disappearing from the body through the urine.
If glucose is not reabsorbed by the kidney, it appears in the urine, in a condition known as glucosuria. This is associated with diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus, often simply referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic diseases in which a person has high blood sugar, either because the body does not produce enough insulin, or because cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced...
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Overview table
| Characteristic | proximal tubule Proximal tubule The proximal tubule is the portion of the duct system of the nephron of the kidney which leads from Bowman's capsule to the loop of Henle.-Structure and appearance:... |
loop of Henle Loop of Henle In the kidney, the loop of Henle is the portion of a nephron that leads from the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule. Named after its discoverer F. G. J... |
Distal convoluted tubule Distal convoluted tubule The distal convoluted tubule is a portion of kidney nephron between the loop of Henle and the collecting duct system.- Physiology :It is partly responsible for the regulation of potassium, sodium, calcium, and pH... |
Collecting duct system Collecting duct system The collecting duct system of the kidney consists of a series of tubules and ducts that connect the nephrons to the ureter. It participates in electrolyte and fluid balance through reabsorption and excretion, processes regulated by the hormones aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone.There are several... |
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| S1 | S2 | S3 | ||||
| reabsorption (%) | 98 | Beyond the Distal convoluted tubule: 2% | ||||
| reabsorption (mmoles Mole (unit) The mole is a unit of measurement used in chemistry to express amounts of a chemical substance, defined as an amount of a substance that contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 12 grams of pure carbon-12 , the isotope of carbon with atomic weight 12. This corresponds to a value... /day) |
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| Concentration | ||||||
| apical transport proteins |
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| basolateral transport proteins |
GLUT2 Glucose transporter 2 also known as solute carrier family 2 , member 2 is a transmembrane carrier protein that enables passive glucose movement across cell membranes. It is the principal transporter for transfer of glucose between liver and blood, and for renal glucose reabsorption... |
GLUT1 Glucose transporter 1 , also known as solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC2A1 gene... |
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| Other reabsorption features | ||||||