Red Cliffs order of battle
Encyclopedia
Cao Cao forces
An army from the west was commanded by Cao Cao himself while another army advancing from the north was commanded by his top generals.West Army
- Chancellor (丞相) Cao CaoCao CaoCao Cao was a warlord and the penultimate chancellor of the Eastern Han Dynasty who rose to great power during the dynasty's final years. As one of the central figures of the Three Kingdoms period, he laid the foundations for what was to become the state of Cao Wei and was posthumously titled...
- Center Military Adviser (中軍師) Xun YouXun YouXun You was an advisor to the warlord Cao Cao during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. He later opposed Cao Cao taking the title of "King of Wei". His uncle, Xun Yu, was better known. In the Wade-Giles version of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, he and his uncle have the same name, Xun...
- Chief Clerk (長史) Chen Jiao (陳矯)
- Palace Counsellor (太中大夫) Jia XuJia XuJia Xu , style name Wenhe , was an advisor to the warlord Cao Cao during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. He previously served Dong Zhuo, Li Jue and Zhang Xiu before finally joining Cao Cao...
- Libationer of the Chancellor's Army (丞相軍祭酒) Dong ZhaoDong ZhaoDong Zhao , style name Gongren , a native of Dingtao, was a politician of the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. He served the warlords Yuan Shao and Zhang Yang before entering Cao Cao's service and subsequently served the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms era.-Under Yuan...
- Assistant to the Chancellor (丞相掾屬) Xu Xuan (徐宣)
- Assistant to the Chancellor (丞相掾屬) Chen QunChen QunChen Qun was a minister of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history.Chen Qun initiated the Nine-rank system for civil service nomination in Cao Wei. Following the death of the ruler Cao Pi, Chen Qun became the Guardian of Cao Wei's military forces...
- Hua XinHua XinHua Xin , style name Ziyu , was an adviser serving under the warlord Cao Cao during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. He was originally a minister of the Han Dynasty imperial court, but later switched to serving under the warlord Sun Ce, and then later under Cao Cao...
- Pei Qian (裴潛)
- Wang LangWang LangWang Lang was a warlord during the late Han Dynasty and a politician of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history. Through his granddaughter's marriage to Sima Zhao, he would become great-grandfather of Sima Yan, who later became the founding emperor of the Jin Dynasty.-Early life...
- He Qia (和洽)
- Huan JieHuan JieHuan Jie, style name Boxu , was a government official during the late Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history.-Biography:Huan Jie was a native of Changsha...
- Center Military Adviser (中軍師) Xun You
- Commanders of the Tiger, Dragon and Panther Cavalry divisions (虎騎、龍騎、豹騎) of the Guards (宿衛軍)
- Xu ChuXu ChuXu Chu was a warrior who lived during the late Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history. He served as a bodyguard to the warlord Cao Cao. Gigantic and strong, yet simple-minded and honest, Xu Chu was referred to as "Dumb Tiger" by his fellow men...
- Cao ChunCao ChunCao Chun was a cavalry general serving under the warlord Cao Cao during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. He commanded the elite mounted force – the Tiger and Leopard Cavalry – in several campaigns against Yuan Tan, Tadun and Liu Bei.-Biography:Cao Chun was a younger...
- Cao ZhenCao ZhenCao Zhen was a military general serving under the warlord Cao Cao during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. He served the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. He was also a distant nephew of Cao Cao, though the latter treated him like a son. Cao Zhen participated in many...
- Cao XiuCao XiuCao Xiu was a military general serving under the warlord Cao Cao during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. He served the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. A distant nephew of Cao Cao, Cao Xiu was given special attention by the former, who once asserted him befitting...
- Xu Chu
- General Who Inspires Might (奮威將軍) Man ChongMan ChongMan Chong , style name Boning , was an official of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history.-Biography:...
- General of Sharp Edge (厲鋒將軍) Cao HongCao HongCao Hong was a military general of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history. He started his career during the late Han Dynasty under the warlord Cao Cao, who was also his cousin.-Early career:...
- General Who Subdues (折沖將軍) Yue JinYue JinYue Jin was a military general serving under the warlord Cao Cao during the late Han Dynasty of China. He was noted as much for his short stature as for his valor and ferocity on the battlefield...
- Cai MaoCai MaoCai Mao was a military general specializing in naval warfare during the late Han Dynasty era of Chinese history. He was from Xiangyang in Jing Province and originally served the warlord Liu Biao before joining Cao Cao's forces. He gained his status when his sister married Liu Biao.Cai Mao initially...
, serving as Commander of Naval Force (水軍都督)- Zhang YunZhang YunZhang Yun was a military general serving under the warlord Liu Biao during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. He was Cai Mao's maternal nephew and specialized in naval warfare like his uncle...
, serving as Vice Commander of Naval Force (水軍副都督)
- Zhang Yun
North Army
- Commandant-Protector of the Army (都督護軍) Zhao Yan (趙儼), oversaw the seven forces commanded by Yu Jin, Zhang Liao, Zhang He, Zhu Ling, Li Dian, Lu Zhao and Feng Kai
- General Who Inspires Might (奮威將軍) Cheng YuCheng YuCheng Yu , originally named Cheng Li and changed his name to Yu after dreaming of the sun on top of Mount Tai, was one of the major advisors to the Han Dynasty warlord Cao Cao, and became a high-ranking official of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms era of China...
- Libationer of the Chancellor's Army (丞相軍祭酒) Du XiDu XiDu Xi, style name Zixu , was a military general serving under the warlord Cao Cao during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. He was a subordinate of Cao's general Xiahou Yuan...
- Libationer of the Chancellor's Army (丞相軍祭酒) Yuan Yu (袁漁)
- General Who Inspires Might (奮威將軍) Cheng Yu
- General of Tiger's Might (虎威將軍) Yu JinYu JinYu Jin was a military general serving under the warlord Cao Cao during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. He joined Cao in the early years of the civil wars that led to the collapse of the Han Dynasty...
- General Who Exterminates Rebels (蕩寇將軍) Zhang LiaoZhang LiaoZhang Liao was a military general serving under the warlord Cao Cao during the late Han Dynasty and early Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history. He participated in many campaigns, including those against Yuan Shao's clan and the Wuhuan tribes...
- General Who Pacifies the DiBeidiBeidi or Northern Di were groups of people who lived to the north of what was then China during the Zhou Dynasty. By the end of the dynasty they were mostly conquered or absorbed by the Chinese....
(平狄將軍) Zhang HeZhang HeZhang He was a military general serving under the warlord Cao Cao during the late Han Dynasty era of Chinese history. He continued serving the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period until his death....
- General Who Suppresses Barbarians (平虜將軍) Zhu LingZhu Ling (Three Kingdoms)Zhu Ling was a vassal and military general of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history.Zhu was born in Qinghe . He started to serve in the private army of the warlord Yuan Shao, and was later sent to aid Cao Cao's army when Cao was attacking Tao Qian. He was impressed with Cao...
- General Who Defeats Barbarians (破虜將軍) Li DianLi DianLi Dian was a military general serving under the warlord Cao Cao during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. He participated in the Battle of Guandu between Cao Cao and Yuan Shao...
- General Who Spreads Martial Might (揚武將軍) Lu Zhao (路招)
- Feng Kai (馮楷)
- General Who Attacks Rebels / Administrator of Jiangxia (討逆將軍 / 江夏太守) Wen Ping, served as Vanguard of Naval Force (水軍先鋒)
Others
- General Who Pacifies the East (平東將軍) Chen DengChen DengChen Deng, style name Yuanlong , was a strategist during the late Han Dynasty era of Chinese history. He was the son of Chen Gui.-Biography:...
, attacked Danyang (丹陽)
- General Who Awes Barbarians / Inspector of Xu Province (威虜將軍 / 徐州刺史) Zang BaZang BaZang Ba was a general during the late Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. He served the warlord Tao Qian initially, followed by Lü Bu and finally Cao Cao and his successors, but for the most part of his career, he remained semi-autonomous over his troops and eastern China...
, attacked Wu (吳)
- An army from Yang Province (揚州) attacked Lujiang (廬江) via Shouchun (壽春) and Hefei (合肥)
- General Who Sweeps Across the Wilderness (橫野將軍) Xu HuangXu HuangXu Huang was a military general serving under the warlord Cao Cao during the late Han Dynasty era of Chinese history. He served the state of Cao Wei, founded by Cao Cao's successor Cao Pi, during the Three Kingdoms period...
, stationed in Fancheng (樊城) to defend Jing Province (荊州)
- General Who Attacks the South (征南將軍) Cao RenCao RenCao Ren was a military general serving under the warlord Cao Cao during the late Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history. He played a significant part in assisting Cao Cao in the civil wars leading to the end of the Han Dynasty...
, defended Jiangling (江陵)
- Supervising Officer of Transport and Supply (軍糧督運使) Xiahou YuanXiahou YuanXiahou Yuan was a military general serving under the warlord Cao Cao during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. He was killed in the Battle of Mount Dingjun against Liu Bei's general Huang Zhong in 219, and was given the posthumous title of Marquis Min , literally meaning "sympathetic...
, commanded the logistics detachment
- Administrator of Runan (汝南太守) Li Tong
Total strength of combined land and naval forces: approximately 230,000 to 270,000
Sun Quan forces
- General Who Attacks Barbarians / Administrator of Kuaiji (討虜將軍 / 會稽太守) Sun QuanSun QuanSun Quan , son of Sun Jian, formally Emperor Da of Wu, was the founder of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. He ruled from 222 to 229 as King of Wu and from 229 to 252 as Emperor of Wu....
, stationed in Chaisang (柴桑) to oversee and manage all affairs- Jishi (給事) Zhu HuanZhu HuanZhu Huan was a military general of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history. Although joining the southern warlord, Sun Quan, early on, Zhu Huan was not assigned important tasks until Sun had solidified his influence after the Battle of Jiangling in 209. Henceforth, Zhu Huan was...
, stationed in Chaisang to provide reinforcements
- Jishi (給事) Zhu Huan
- Left Commander (左都督) Zhou YuZhou YuZhou Yu was a military general and strategist who served his close friend, the warlord Sun Ce, during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history...
- Right Commander (右都督) Cheng PuCheng PuCheng Pu was a military general serving under the warlord Sun family of Eastern Wu for three generations during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history.-Early service under Sun Jian:...
- Colonel Who Praises the Army (贊軍校尉) Lu SuLu SuLu Su , style name Zijing , was a politician, militarist and diplomat serving under the warlord Sun Quan during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history...
- Commandant of Danyang (丹陽都尉) Huang GaiHuang GaiHuang Gai was a military general who served the warlord Sun family of Eastern Wu for three generations during the late Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history...
, served as Vanguard (先鋒) - Commandant of Vehemence (承烈都尉) Ling TongLing TongLing Tong was a military general of the state of Eastern Wu during the late Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history. He started his service to the Sun family since his childhood, and throughout his entire life, he had been contributing to the foundation and solidification of Eastern Wu...
, served as Left Guard (左衛) - Commandant of Chang River Regiment (長水都尉) Sun KuangSun KuangSun Kuang, style name Jizuo , was the fourth son of the warlord Sun Jian during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. Upon his father's death, he fled to Jiangnan with his elder brother, Sun Ce, who was given succession as Marquis of Wucheng , but instead chose to give the position to...
, served as Right Guard (右衛) - Prefect of Dangkou (當口令) Gan NingGan NingGan Ning was a military general serving under the warlord Sun Quan during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. He was born in Linjiang, Ba Commandery .-Early life as a pirate:...
, served as commander of the main naval force- Xu ShengXu ShengXu Sheng , style name Wenxiang , was a military general of Eastern Wu during the late Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history. He fought in at least 5 wars for the southern regime during his lifetime...
, served as Gan Ning's deputy - Ding Feng, served as Gan Ning's deputy
- Xu Sheng
- General of the Household Who Sweeps Across the Wilderness (橫野中郎將) Lü MengLü MengLü Meng was a military general serving under the warlord Sun Quan during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. He served as the commanding general in the invasion of Jing Province that led to the death of Guan Yu.-Early life:Lü Meng was born in Fupo, Runan Commandery in 178...
- General of the Household (中郎將) Han DangHan DangHan Dang was a military general of Eastern Wu during the late Han Dynasty and early Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history.-Biography:...
- Chief of Yichun (宜春長) Zhou TaiZhou TaiZhou Tai , style name Youping , was a military general serving under the warlord Sun Quan during the late Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history.-Early life and career:...
- Colonel Who Inspires Might (奮威校尉) Quan CongQuan CongQuan Cong , style name Zihuang , was a military general of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. He married Sun Quan's oldest daughter Sun Luban. During the subjugation of the Shanyue, Quan achieved great success. Quan afterwards marched with Lu Xun to attack the Cao Wei...
- Chief of E (鄂長) Hu Cong (胡琮)
- Colonel Who Inspects the Army (督軍校尉) Lü DaiLu DaiLü Dai , style name Dinggong , was a military general of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. Following the death of Sun Quan, Zhuge Ke and Lü Dai were entrusted to govern the state. However, according to history, Lü Dai served during Sun Quan's reign as Senior General-in-Chief...
- General Who Attacks Barbarians / Administrator of Yuzhang (征虜將軍 / 豫章太守) Sun BenSun BenSun Ben, style name Boyang , was the eldest son of Sun Qiang and older brother of Sun Fu. He was three years older than Sun Ce. He served Sun Jian first in the campaign against Dong Zhuo. After Sun Jian's death, he took control of the army and went to serve Yuan Shu. He would soon rejoin Sun Ce....
, served as commander of the main land force - Colonel of Competing Might (競威校尉) Lu XunLu Xun (Three Kingdoms)Lu Xun was a military general and politician of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history. He is best known for defeating Liu Bei's forces at the Battle of Xiaoting in 222.-Early life:...
- Colonel of Martial Ferocity (武猛校尉) Pan ZhangPan ZhangPan Zhang was a military general of Eastern Wu during the late Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history. Although an active general with high rank, he was known to desire wealth and treasure, and to dress himself in a gaudy fashion...
- Right Commander (右都督) Cheng Pu
- General Who Supports Righteousness (扶義將軍) Zhu ZhiZhu ZhiZhu Zhi , style name Junli , was a military general of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history. He was from present-day Anji County, Zhejiang....
, served as Commandant of Transport in the Rear (後隊運轉都督)- Major General / Administrator of Pengze (裨將軍 / 彭澤太守) Lü FanLü FanLü Fan , style name Ziheng , was an official of the state of Eastern Wu during the late Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history.-Biography:...
, served as Vice Commandant of Transport (運轉副都督)
- Major General / Administrator of Pengze (裨將軍 / 彭澤太守) Lü Fan
- Left Major (左司馬) Gu YongGu YongGu Yong was a minister of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history. He learned the classics and calligraphy from Cai Yong when the latter came to Wu briefly as a refugee. His family is one of the four illustrious houses of Wu . He became a governor of several prefectures...
, stationed in Guangling (廣陵)
- Administrator of Danyang (丹陽太守) Sun JingSun JingSun Jing was a younger brother of the warlord Sun Jian during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. Sun Jing became well known for admonishing the attack led by Sun Jian against Liu Biao. After the death of Sun Jian, Sun Jing became the adviser to Sun Jian's oldest son, Sun Ce. Sun Jing...
- Jingkou Imperial Hand / Colonel of Martial Defense (京口手御 / 武衛校尉) Sun Huan, defended Guangling
- Left Chief Clerk (左長史) Zhang ZhaoZhang ZhaoZhang Zhao was an official of Eastern Wu during the late Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of China.-Biography:Zhang was born in present-day Jiangsu. A brilliant scholar, he devoted his life mainly to the study of Chinese classic texts...
, stationed in Liyang (厲陽)
- General of Hengjiang (橫江將軍) Yan JunYan JunYan Jun, style name Mancai , was an official of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. He was also the writer of Essay on Tides, which has disappeared over the course of history.-In fiction:...
, defended Hengjiang (橫江) and Dangtu (當涂)
- Center Major / Lieutenant General (中司馬 / 偏將軍) Zhuge JinZhuge JinZhuge Jin , style name Ziyu , was a military general and politician of Eastern Wu during the late Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history.-Early life:...
, defended Lujiang (盧江)
Total strength of combined land and naval forces: approximately more than 30,000
Liu Bei forces
- General of the Left (左將軍) Liu BeiLiu BeiLiu Bei , also known as Liu Xuande, was a warlord, military general and later the founding emperor of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history...
, led 2,000 men, rendezvoused with Zhou Yu at Fankou (樊口) and advanced together- Military Adviser General of the Household (軍師中郎將) Zhuge LiangZhuge LiangZhuge Liang was a chancellor of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. He is often recognised as the greatest and most accomplished strategist of his era....
, accompanied Zhou Yu - Marquis of Hanshou (漢壽亭侯) Guan YuGuan YuGuan Yu was a general serving under the warlord Liu Bei during the late Eastern Han Dynasty of China. He played a significant role in the civil war that led to the collapse of the Han Dynasty and the establishment of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period, of which Liu Bei was the...
, led 10,000 naval troops advancing towards Red Cliffs - Zhang Fei, led a few thousand infantry troops advancing towards Red Cliffs
- Zhao YunZhao YunZhao Yun was a military general who lived during the late Han Dynasty and early Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history. For most of his career, Zhao served the warlord Liu Bei, playing a part in the establishment of state of Shu Han...
, led a few thousand infantry troops advancing towards Red Cliffs
- Military Adviser General of the Household (軍師中郎將) Zhuge Liang
- Administrator of Jiangxia (江夏太守) Liu Qi, led a few thousand infantry troops to defend the three passes of Pingjing (平靖), Wusheng (武勝) and Dasheng (大勝), as well as Yingcheng (應城) and Yingshan (應山) in the west
Total strength of combined land and naval forces: approximately 20,000