Publisher Item Identifier
Encyclopedia
The Publisher Item Identifier (PII) is a unique identifier
used by a number of scientific journal
publishers to identify documents . It uses the pre-existing ISSN or ISBN of the publication in question, and adds a character
for source publication type, an item number, and a check digit.
The system was adopted in 1996 by the American Chemical Society
, the
American Institute of Physics
, the American Physical Society
,
Elsevier Science, and the IEEE.
A PII is a 17-character string, consisting of
When a PII is printed (as opposed to stored in a database), the 17-character string may be extended with punctuation characters to make it more readable to humans, as in Sxxxx-xxxx(yy)iiiii-d or Bx-xxx-xxxxx-x/iiiii-d.
Unique identifier
With reference to a given set of objects, a unique identifier is any identifier which is guaranteed to be unique among all identifiers used for those objects and for a specific purpose...
used by a number of scientific journal
Scientific journal
In academic publishing, a scientific journal is a periodical publication intended to further the progress of science, usually by reporting new research. There are thousands of scientific journals in publication, and many more have been published at various points in the past...
publishers to identify documents . It uses the pre-existing ISSN or ISBN of the publication in question, and adds a character
Character (computing)
In computer and machine-based telecommunications terminology, a character is a unit of information that roughly corresponds to a grapheme, grapheme-like unit, or symbol, such as in an alphabet or syllabary in the written form of a natural language....
for source publication type, an item number, and a check digit.
The system was adopted in 1996 by the American Chemical Society
American Chemical Society
The American Chemical Society is a scientific society based in the United States that supports scientific inquiry in the field of chemistry. Founded in 1876 at New York University, the ACS currently has more than 161,000 members at all degree-levels and in all fields of chemistry, chemical...
, the
American Institute of Physics
American Institute of Physics
The American Institute of Physics promotes science, the profession of physics, publishes physics journals, and produces publications for scientific and engineering societies. The AIP is made up of various member societies...
, the American Physical Society
American Physical Society
The American Physical Society is the world's second largest organization of physicists, behind the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft. The Society publishes more than a dozen scientific journals, including the world renowned Physical Review and Physical Review Letters, and organizes more than 20...
,
Elsevier Science, and the IEEE.
A PII is a 17-character string, consisting of
- one character to indicate source publication type: "S" = serial with ISSN, "B" = book with ISBN
- ISSN (8 digits) or ISBN (10 characters) of the serial or book to which the publication item is primarily assigned
- in the case of serials an additional two digit number to pad the difference between the 8-digit ISSN and an ISBN-10 (suggested are the last two digits of calendar year of the date of assignment, which not necessarily identical to the cover date)
- a 5-digit number assigned by the publisher that is unique to the publication item within the serial or book
- a check digit (0-9 or X)
When a PII is printed (as opposed to stored in a database), the 17-character string may be extended with punctuation characters to make it more readable to humans, as in Sxxxx-xxxx(yy)iiiii-d or Bx-xxx-xxxxx-x/iiiii-d.
See also
- Serial Item and Contribution IdentifierSerial Item and Contribution IdentifierThe Serial Item and Contribution Identifier is a code used to uniquely identify specific volumes, articles or other identifiable parts of a periodical...
- Digital Object IdentifierDigital object identifierA digital object identifier is a character string used to uniquely identify an object such as an electronic document. Metadata about the object is stored in association with the DOI name and this metadata may include a location, such as a URL, where the object can be found...
- OpenURLOpenURLOpenURL is a standardized format of Uniform Resource Locator intended to enable Internet users to more easily find a copy of a resource that they are allowed to access...