Pterandra is a genus

Genus

In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...

 in the Malpighiaceae

Malpighiaceae

Malpighiaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Malpighiales. It comprises approximately 75 genera and 1300 species, all of which are native to the tropics and subtropics...

, a family

Family (biology)

In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...

 of about 75 genera of flowering plant

Flowering plant

The flowering plants , also known as Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta, are the most diverse group of land plants. Angiosperms are seed-producing plants like the gymnosperms and can be distinguished from the gymnosperms by a series of synapomorphies...

s in the order Malpighiales

Malpighiales

Malpighiales is one of the largest orders of flowering plants, containing about 16000 species, approximately 7.8% of the eudicots. The order is very diverse and hard to recognize except with molecular phylogenetic evidence. It is not part of any of the classification systems that are based only on...

. Pterandra comprises 15 species

Species

In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...

 of trees, shrubs, and subshrubs, all but two native to South America

South America

South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...

, principally Colombia

Colombia

Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia , is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the...

, Venezuela

Venezuela

Venezuela , officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south...

, and Brazil

Brazil

Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...

; the exceptions (P. mcphersonii, P. isthmica

Pterandra isthmica

Pterandra isthmica is a species of plant in the Malpighiaceae family. It is endemic to Panama. It is threatened by habitat loss.-Sources:* Mitré, M. 1998. . Downloaded on 23 August 2007....

) are from Panama

Panama

Panama , officially the Republic of Panama , is the southernmost country of Central America. Situated on the isthmus connecting North and South America, it is bordered by Costa Rica to the northwest, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. The...

.

Species

Pterandra andersonii C. E. Anderson Pterandra arborea Ducke Pterandra colombiana C. E. Anderson Pterandra egleri W. R. Anderson Pterandra evansii Cuatrec. Pterandra flavescens Maguire Pterandra guianensis W. R. Anderson Pterandra hatschbachii W. R. Anderson

Pterandra hirsuta C. E. Anderson Pterandra isthmica Pterandra isthmica Pterandra isthmica is a species of plant in the Malpighiaceae family. It is endemic to Panama. It is threatened by habitat loss.-Sources:* Mitré, M. 1998. . Downloaded on 23 August 2007.... Cuatrec. & Croat Pterandra mcphersonii C. E. Anderson Pterandra pyroidea Adr. Juss. Pterandra sericea W. R. Anderson Pterandra ultramontana Cuatrec. Pterandra viridiflora C. E. Anderson

These three names in Pterandra are synonyms and not accepted (Anderson 1997): Pterandra latifolia Adr. Juss. is synonym for Acmanthera

Acmanthera

Acmanthera is a genus in the Malpighiaceae, a family of about 75 genera of flowering plants in the order Malpighiales. Acmanthera comprises 7 species of trees, shrubs, or subshrubs native to Brazil.-References and external links:...

 latifolia (Adr. Juss.) Griseb.; Pterandra opulifolia Rusby is a synonym for Hiraea

Hiraea

Hiraea is a genus in the Malpighiaceae, a family of about 75 genera of flowering plants in the order Malpighiales. Hiraea comprises over 55 species of woody vines and shrubs found in diverse habitats, except very dry vegetation types, in the New World tropics and subtropics from western Mexico to...

 opulifolia (Rusby) Nied.; Pterandra psidiifolia Adr. Juss. is a synonym for Pterandra pyroidea Adr. Juss. — See "Synonym (taxonomy)

Synonym (taxonomy)

In scientific nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that is or was used for a taxon of organisms that also goes by a different scientific name. For example, Linnaeus was the first to give a scientific name to the Norway spruce, which he called Pinus abies...

" for definition of synonym in botanical nomenclature

Botanical nomenclature

Botanical nomenclature is the formal, scientific naming of plants. It is related to, but distinct from taxonomy. Plant taxonomy is concerned with grouping and classifying plants; botanical nomenclature then provides names for the results of this process. The starting point for modern botanical...

.

External links

• Malpighiaceae Malpighiaceae - description, taxonomy, phylogeny, and nomenclature
• Pterandra