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The Prime Minister of Egypt is the head of the Egyptian government. According to the constitution, the prime minister is the leader of the largest political party in the Egyptian parliament.

In the late 1970s, Egypt had several cohabitation governments which proved to be unstable, due to the struggle arising between the President
President of Egypt

The President of the Arab Republic of Egypt is the elected Head of State of Egypt.Under the Constitution of Egypt, the President is also the Commander-in-chief of the armed forces and head of the Executive branch of the Cabinet of Egypt....
 and the Prime Minister. However, since 1981, the National Democratic Party has maintained a majority in the People’s Assembly
People's Assembly of Egypt

The People's Assembly is the lower house of Egypt's bicameralism parliament. In spite of its lower status, however, it plays a more important role in drafting legislation and day-to-day legislative duties than the Shura Council, the upper house....
 and supplied the Egyptian President.

Powers
By convention, the President
President of Egypt

The President of the Arab Republic of Egypt is the elected Head of State of Egypt.Under the Constitution of Egypt, the President is also the Commander-in-chief of the armed forces and head of the Executive branch of the Cabinet of Egypt....
 controls foreign-affairs and defense-related issues of the state, while the Prime Minister manages the day-to-day affairs including the economy.

The Prime Minister heads the cabinet
Cabinet of Egypt

The Cabinet of Egypt is the chief executive body of the Egypt. It consists of the Prime Minister and the cabinet ministers.The government has a leading role in shaping the agenda of the houses of Parliament of Egypt....
, which in turn plays a leading role in shaping the agenda of the houses of parliament
Parliament of Egypt

The Parliament of Egypt is a bicameralism legislative branch that is located in Cairo, Egypt's capital. As the legislative branch of the Egyptian government, the Parliament enacts laws, approves the general policy of the State, the general plan for economic and social development and the general budget of the State, supervises the work of the...
.






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The Prime Minister of Egypt is the head of the Egyptian government. According to the constitution, the prime minister is the leader of the largest political party in the Egyptian parliament.

In the late 1970s, Egypt had several cohabitation governments which proved to be unstable, due to the struggle arising between the President
President of Egypt

The President of the Arab Republic of Egypt is the elected Head of State of Egypt.Under the Constitution of Egypt, the President is also the Commander-in-chief of the armed forces and head of the Executive branch of the Cabinet of Egypt....
 and the Prime Minister. However, since 1981, the National Democratic Party has maintained a majority in the People’s Assembly
People's Assembly of Egypt

The People's Assembly is the lower house of Egypt's bicameralism parliament. In spite of its lower status, however, it plays a more important role in drafting legislation and day-to-day legislative duties than the Shura Council, the upper house....
 and supplied the Egyptian President.

Powers


By convention, the President
President of Egypt

The President of the Arab Republic of Egypt is the elected Head of State of Egypt.Under the Constitution of Egypt, the President is also the Commander-in-chief of the armed forces and head of the Executive branch of the Cabinet of Egypt....
 controls foreign-affairs and defense-related issues of the state, while the Prime Minister manages the day-to-day affairs including the economy.

The Prime Minister heads the cabinet
Cabinet of Egypt

The Cabinet of Egypt is the chief executive body of the Egypt. It consists of the Prime Minister and the cabinet ministers.The government has a leading role in shaping the agenda of the houses of Parliament of Egypt....
, which in turn plays a leading role in shaping the agenda of the houses of parliament
Parliament of Egypt

The Parliament of Egypt is a bicameralism legislative branch that is located in Cairo, Egypt's capital. As the legislative branch of the Egyptian government, the Parliament enacts laws, approves the general policy of the State, the general plan for economic and social development and the general budget of the State, supervises the work of the...
. It may propose laws to parliament
Parliament of Egypt

The Parliament of Egypt is a bicameralism legislative branch that is located in Cairo, Egypt's capital. As the legislative branch of the Egyptian government, the Parliament enacts laws, approves the general policy of the State, the general plan for economic and social development and the general budget of the State, supervises the work of the...
 as well as amendments during parliamentary meetings.

Under the system created by the 1980 constitutional amendments, the President
President of Egypt

The President of the Arab Republic of Egypt is the elected Head of State of Egypt.Under the Constitution of Egypt, the President is also the Commander-in-chief of the armed forces and head of the Executive branch of the Cabinet of Egypt....
 is the pre-eminent executive figure who appoints the Prime Minister.

When the President
President of Egypt

The President of the Arab Republic of Egypt is the elected Head of State of Egypt.Under the Constitution of Egypt, the President is also the Commander-in-chief of the armed forces and head of the Executive branch of the Cabinet of Egypt....
's political party or supporters control parliament
Parliament of Egypt

The Parliament of Egypt is a bicameralism legislative branch that is located in Cairo, Egypt's capital. As the legislative branch of the Egyptian government, the Parliament enacts laws, approves the general policy of the State, the general plan for economic and social development and the general budget of the State, supervises the work of the...
, the President
President of Egypt

The President of the Arab Republic of Egypt is the elected Head of State of Egypt.Under the Constitution of Egypt, the President is also the Commander-in-chief of the armed forces and head of the Executive branch of the Cabinet of Egypt....
 is in effect the ‘dominant’ player in executive action, choosing whoever he wishes for government, and having it follow ‘his’ political agenda.

However, when the President
President of Egypt

The President of the Arab Republic of Egypt is the elected Head of State of Egypt.Under the Constitution of Egypt, the President is also the Commander-in-chief of the armed forces and head of the Executive branch of the Cabinet of Egypt....
's political opponents control parliament, the President
President of Egypt

The President of the Arab Republic of Egypt is the elected Head of State of Egypt.Under the Constitution of Egypt, the President is also the Commander-in-chief of the armed forces and head of the Executive branch of the Cabinet of Egypt....
's dominance can be severely limited, as he must choose a prime minister and cabinet reflecting the majority in parliament
Parliament of Egypt

The Parliament of Egypt is a bicameralism legislative branch that is located in Cairo, Egypt's capital. As the legislative branch of the Egyptian government, the Parliament enacts laws, approves the general policy of the State, the general plan for economic and social development and the general budget of the State, supervises the work of the...
.

When parties from opposite ends of the political spectrum control parliament
Parliament of Egypt

The Parliament of Egypt is a bicameralism legislative branch that is located in Cairo, Egypt's capital. As the legislative branch of the Egyptian government, the Parliament enacts laws, approves the general policy of the State, the general plan for economic and social development and the general budget of the State, supervises the work of the...
 and the presidency
President of Egypt

The President of the Arab Republic of Egypt is the elected Head of State of Egypt.Under the Constitution of Egypt, the President is also the Commander-in-chief of the armed forces and head of the Executive branch of the Cabinet of Egypt....
, the power-sharing arrangement is known as cohabitation. Several cohabitation governments took control in the 1970s yet proved to be very unstable.

Office Holders

In 2004, Dr. Ahmed Nazif
Ahmed Nazif

Ahmed Nazif has served as the Prime Minister of Egypt since 14 July 2004. On 27 September 2005, he resigned, enabling President Hosni Mubarak to call for General Elections....
 was sworn into office as prime minister; he has since formed two cabinets, in 2004 and January 2005.

See also

  • List of Prime Ministers of Egypt
    List of Prime Ministers of Egypt

    This page lists the holders of the office of Prime Minister of Egypt. The office was created when Egypt Cabinet of Egypt was established in August 1878, after Khedive Isma'il Pasha agreed to turn his powers over to a cabinet modeled after those of Europe....
  • Politics of Egypt
    Politics of Egypt

    The government of Egypt consists of a semi-presidential system republic, whereby the President of Egypt is the fact both head of state and head of government, and of a system dominated by the National Democratic Party ....
  • Cabinet of Egypt
    Cabinet of Egypt

    The Cabinet of Egypt is the chief executive body of the Egypt. It consists of the Prime Minister and the cabinet ministers.The government has a leading role in shaping the agenda of the houses of Parliament of Egypt....
  • President of Egypt
    President of Egypt

    The President of the Arab Republic of Egypt is the elected Head of State of Egypt.Under the Constitution of Egypt, the President is also the Commander-in-chief of the armed forces and head of the Executive branch of the Cabinet of Egypt....
  • List of political parties in Egypt
    List of political parties in Egypt

    By its constitution, Egypt has a multi-party system, however in practice the National Democratic Party is the long-time ruling party and is dominant in the Egyptian political arena....