President of the Republic of Macedonia
Encyclopedia
The President of the Republic of Macedonia is the head of state
of the Republic of Macedonia
. The institution of the Presidency of the modern Republic of Macedonia began after the Macedonian declaration of independence on 8 September 1991. Its first president
was Kiro Gligorov
, the oldest president in the world until his resignation in 1999. The Macedonian presidency is a non-executive office. The head of the executive is the Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia
. The president must be a citizen of the Republic of Macedonia, be over 40 years of age and have lived in Macedonia for at least ten of the previous fifteen years.
, there was a collective presidency which was abolished in 1991. Its first president was Metodija Andonov Čento elected at ASNOM, when the modern Macedonian state was formed, while the last one was Vladimir Mitkov. Following the transition from socialist system
to parliamentary democracy in 1990, the Socialist Republic of Macedonia changed the collective leadership with a single-president post in 1991. Kiro Gligorov
became the first democratically elected president of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia on 27 January 1991. On 16 April 1991 the parliament adopted a constitutional amendment
removing the term "Socialist" from the official name of the country, and on 7 June of the same year, the new name Republic of Macedonia
was officially established. Hence Gligorov continued his function as a president of the Republic of Macedonia. After the process of dissolution of Yugoslavia
began, the Republic of Macedonia proclaimed full independence following a referendum held on 8 September 1991. On completing his second term as head of the independent state
Gligorov was succeeded by Boris Trajkovski
in 1999. Following Trajkovski's death in 2004, he was succeeded by Branko Crvenkovski
. Gjorge Ivanov won the 2009 presidential election and took office on 12 May 2009.
Socialist Republic of Macedonia
Republic of Macedonia
Head of State
A head of state is the individual that serves as the chief public representative of a monarchy, republic, federation, commonwealth or other kind of state. His or her role generally includes legitimizing the state and exercising the political powers, functions, and duties granted to the head of...
of the Republic of Macedonia
Republic of Macedonia
Macedonia , officially the Republic of Macedonia , is a country located in the central Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. It is one of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, from which it declared independence in 1991...
. The institution of the Presidency of the modern Republic of Macedonia began after the Macedonian declaration of independence on 8 September 1991. Its first president
President
A president is a leader of an organization, company, trade union, university, or country.Etymologically, a president is one who presides, who sits in leadership...
was Kiro Gligorov
Kiro Gligorov
Kiro Gligorov , born May 3, 1917) was the first democratically elected President of the Republic of Macedonia. His son Vladimir Gligorov is the refounder of the Serbian Democratic Party.- Biography :...
, the oldest president in the world until his resignation in 1999. The Macedonian presidency is a non-executive office. The head of the executive is the Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia
Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia
The Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia is the head of government of the Republic of Macedonia. He or she is the leader of a political coalition in the Macedonian parliament and the leader of the cabinet...
. The president must be a citizen of the Republic of Macedonia, be over 40 years of age and have lived in Macedonia for at least ten of the previous fifteen years.
History
During the period of the Socialist Republic of MacedoniaSocialist Republic of Macedonia
The Socialist Republic of Macedonia was a socialist state that was a constituent country of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia...
, there was a collective presidency which was abolished in 1991. Its first president was Metodija Andonov Čento elected at ASNOM, when the modern Macedonian state was formed, while the last one was Vladimir Mitkov. Following the transition from socialist system
Socialist state
A socialist state generally refers to any state constitutionally dedicated to the construction of a socialist society. It is closely related to the political strategy of "state socialism", a set of ideologies and policies that believe a socialist economy can be established through government...
to parliamentary democracy in 1990, the Socialist Republic of Macedonia changed the collective leadership with a single-president post in 1991. Kiro Gligorov
Kiro Gligorov
Kiro Gligorov , born May 3, 1917) was the first democratically elected President of the Republic of Macedonia. His son Vladimir Gligorov is the refounder of the Serbian Democratic Party.- Biography :...
became the first democratically elected president of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia on 27 January 1991. On 16 April 1991 the parliament adopted a constitutional amendment
Constitutional amendment
A constitutional amendment is a formal change to the text of the written constitution of a nation or state.Most constitutions require that amendments cannot be enacted unless they have passed a special procedure that is more stringent than that required of ordinary legislation...
removing the term "Socialist" from the official name of the country, and on 7 June of the same year, the new name Republic of Macedonia
Republic of Macedonia
Macedonia , officially the Republic of Macedonia , is a country located in the central Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. It is one of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, from which it declared independence in 1991...
was officially established. Hence Gligorov continued his function as a president of the Republic of Macedonia. After the process of dissolution of Yugoslavia
Dissolution of Yugoslavia
The Breakup of Yugoslavia refers to a series of conflicts and political upheavals resulting in the dissolution of Yugoslavia . The SFR Yugoslavia was a country that occupied a strip of land stretching from Central Europe to the Balkans – a region with a history of ethnic conflict...
began, the Republic of Macedonia proclaimed full independence following a referendum held on 8 September 1991. On completing his second term as head of the independent state
Head of State
A head of state is the individual that serves as the chief public representative of a monarchy, republic, federation, commonwealth or other kind of state. His or her role generally includes legitimizing the state and exercising the political powers, functions, and duties granted to the head of...
Gligorov was succeeded by Boris Trajkovski
Boris Trajkovski
Trajkovski died on 26 February 2004 in a plane crash en route to an economic conference in Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aircraft crashed in thick fog and heavy rain on a mountainside in southeastern Herzegovina, near the villages of Huskovici and Rotimlja some eight miles south-south-east...
in 1999. Following Trajkovski's death in 2004, he was succeeded by Branko Crvenkovski
Branko Crvenkovski
Branko Crvenkovski leads the Republic of Macedonia's largest opposition party, the Social Democratic Union of Macedonia. He was Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia from 1992 to 1998 and again from 2002 to 2004, then President of the Republic of Macedonia from 2004 to 2009.Crvenkovski was...
. Gjorge Ivanov won the 2009 presidential election and took office on 12 May 2009.
Socialist Republic of MacedoniaSocialist Republic of MacedoniaThe Socialist Republic of Macedonia was a socialist state that was a constituent country of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia...
| Name | Born-Died | Term start | Term end | Political Party |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| President of Initiatory Committee for Anti-Fascist Assembly of People's Liberation of Macedonia 1943 - 1944 |
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| Metodija Andonov-Čento Metodija Andonov-Cento Metodija Andonov-Čento was a Macedonian statesman, the first president of the Anti-Fascist Assembly of the National Liberation of Macedonia and of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia after the Second World War.-Early life:Metodi Andonov was born in... |
1902–1957 | 1 October 1943 | 2 August 1944 | Communist Party of Macedonia |
| Chairman of the Anti-Fascist Assembly of People's Liberation (ASNOM) 1944 - 1945 |
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| Metodija Andonov-Čento Metodija Andonov-Cento Metodija Andonov-Čento was a Macedonian statesman, the first president of the Anti-Fascist Assembly of the National Liberation of Macedonia and of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia after the Second World War.-Early life:Metodi Andonov was born in... |
1902–1957 | 2 August 1944 | 1 January 1945 | Communist Party of Macedonia |
| Presidents of the Presidium of the People's Assembly 1945 - 1953 |
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| Metodija Andonov-Čento Metodija Andonov-Cento Metodija Andonov-Čento was a Macedonian statesman, the first president of the Anti-Fascist Assembly of the National Liberation of Macedonia and of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia after the Second World War.-Early life:Metodi Andonov was born in... |
1902–1957 | 1 January 1945 | 15 March 1946 | Communist Party of Macedonia |
| Dimitar Nestorov (acting) | 1890–1968 | 16 March 1946 | 30 December 1946 | Communist Party of Macedonia |
| Blagoja Fotev | 1900–1993 | 1947 | 4 January 1951 | Communist Party of Macedonia |
| Vidoe Smilevski (acting) | 1915–1979 | 4 January 1951 | 1953 | Communist Party of Macedonia (until 1952), League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia was the Macedonian branch of the ruling League of Communists of Yugoslavia during the period 1943 – 1990. It was formed under the name Communist Party of Macedonia during the antifascist National Liberation War of Macedonia in the Second World War... (from 1952) |
| Presidents of the People's Assembly 1953 - 1974 |
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| Dimce Stojanov | 1910–1991 | 1953 | 19 December 1953 | League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia was the Macedonian branch of the ruling League of Communists of Yugoslavia during the period 1943 – 1990. It was formed under the name Communist Party of Macedonia during the antifascist National Liberation War of Macedonia in the Second World War... |
| Lazar Koliševski Lazar Koliševski Lazar Koliševski was a Communist political leader in Socialist Republic of Macedonia and briefly the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia closely allied with Tito.- Early years :... |
1914–2000 | 19 December 1953 | 26 June 1962 | League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia was the Macedonian branch of the ruling League of Communists of Yugoslavia during the period 1943 – 1990. It was formed under the name Communist Party of Macedonia during the antifascist National Liberation War of Macedonia in the Second World War... |
| Ljupčo Arsov Ljupco Arsov Ljupčo Arsov was a Macedonian politician. He was the Prime Minister of PR Macedonia from December 1953 to June 1961.... |
1910–1986 | 26 June 1962 | 24 June 1963 | League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia was the Macedonian branch of the ruling League of Communists of Yugoslavia during the period 1943 – 1990. It was formed under the name Communist Party of Macedonia during the antifascist National Liberation War of Macedonia in the Second World War... |
| Vidoe Smilevski | 1915–1979 | 25 June 1963 | 12 May 1967 | League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia was the Macedonian branch of the ruling League of Communists of Yugoslavia during the period 1943 – 1990. It was formed under the name Communist Party of Macedonia during the antifascist National Liberation War of Macedonia in the Second World War... |
| Mito Hadživasiliev | 1921–1968 | 12 May 1967 | 1 August 1968 | League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia was the Macedonian branch of the ruling League of Communists of Yugoslavia during the period 1943 – 1990. It was formed under the name Communist Party of Macedonia during the antifascist National Liberation War of Macedonia in the Second World War... |
| Nikola Mincev | 1915–1997 | 23 December 1968 | 6 May 1974 | League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia was the Macedonian branch of the ruling League of Communists of Yugoslavia during the period 1943 – 1990. It was formed under the name Communist Party of Macedonia during the antifascist National Liberation War of Macedonia in the Second World War... |
| Presidents of the Presidency 1974 - 1991 |
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| Vidoe Smilevski | 1915–1979 | 6 May 1974 | 31 October 1979 | League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia was the Macedonian branch of the ruling League of Communists of Yugoslavia during the period 1943 – 1990. It was formed under the name Communist Party of Macedonia during the antifascist National Liberation War of Macedonia in the Second World War... |
| Ljupčo Arsov Ljupco Arsov Ljupčo Arsov was a Macedonian politician. He was the Prime Minister of PR Macedonia from December 1953 to June 1961.... |
1910–1986 | 31 October 1979 | 29 April 1982 | League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia was the Macedonian branch of the ruling League of Communists of Yugoslavia during the period 1943 – 1990. It was formed under the name Communist Party of Macedonia during the antifascist National Liberation War of Macedonia in the Second World War... |
| Angel Cemerski | 1923–2005 | 29 April 1982 | 29 April 1983 | League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia was the Macedonian branch of the ruling League of Communists of Yugoslavia during the period 1943 – 1990. It was formed under the name Communist Party of Macedonia during the antifascist National Liberation War of Macedonia in the Second World War... |
| Blagoja Taleski | 1924–2001 | 29 April 1983 | 29 April 1984 | League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia was the Macedonian branch of the ruling League of Communists of Yugoslavia during the period 1943 – 1990. It was formed under the name Communist Party of Macedonia during the antifascist National Liberation War of Macedonia in the Second World War... |
| Tome Bukleski | 1921– | 29 April 1984 | 26 April 1985 | League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia was the Macedonian branch of the ruling League of Communists of Yugoslavia during the period 1943 – 1990. It was formed under the name Communist Party of Macedonia during the antifascist National Liberation War of Macedonia in the Second World War... |
| Vanco Apostolski | 1925–2008 | 26 April 1985 | June 1986 | League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia was the Macedonian branch of the ruling League of Communists of Yugoslavia during the period 1943 – 1990. It was formed under the name Communist Party of Macedonia during the antifascist National Liberation War of Macedonia in the Second World War... |
| Dragoljub Stavrev | 1932–2003 | June 1986 | May 1988 | League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia was the Macedonian branch of the ruling League of Communists of Yugoslavia during the period 1943 – 1990. It was formed under the name Communist Party of Macedonia during the antifascist National Liberation War of Macedonia in the Second World War... |
| Jezdimir Bogdanski | 1930–2007 | May 1988 | 28 April 1990 | League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia was the Macedonian branch of the ruling League of Communists of Yugoslavia during the period 1943 – 1990. It was formed under the name Communist Party of Macedonia during the antifascist National Liberation War of Macedonia in the Second World War... |
| Vladimir Mitkov | 1931– | 28 April 1990 | 27 January 1991 | League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia League of Communists of Macedonia was the Macedonian branch of the ruling League of Communists of Yugoslavia during the period 1943 – 1990. It was formed under the name Communist Party of Macedonia during the antifascist National Liberation War of Macedonia in the Second World War... |
| Kiro Gligorov Kiro Gligorov Kiro Gligorov , born May 3, 1917) was the first democratically elected President of the Republic of Macedonia. His son Vladimir Gligorov is the refounder of the Serbian Democratic Party.- Biography :... |
1917– | 27 January 1991 | 18 September 1991 | Nonpartisan Nonpartisan In political science, nonpartisan denotes an election, event, organization or person in which there is no formally declared association with a political party affiliation.... |
Republic of MacedoniaRepublic of MacedoniaMacedonia , officially the Republic of Macedonia , is a country located in the central Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. It is one of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, from which it declared independence in 1991...
| # | Name | Born-Died | Took Office | Left Office | Political Affiliation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Presidents 1991 onwards |
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| 1 | Kiro Gligorov Kiro Gligorov Kiro Gligorov , born May 3, 1917) was the first democratically elected President of the Republic of Macedonia. His son Vladimir Gligorov is the refounder of the Serbian Democratic Party.- Biography :... |
1917– | 18 September 1991 | 4 October 1995 | Nonpartisan Nonpartisan In political science, nonpartisan denotes an election, event, organization or person in which there is no formally declared association with a political party affiliation.... |
| Stojan Andov Stojan Andov Stojan Andov is a Macedonian politician.-Early years and education:Born in Kavadarci, Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1935 where he grew up and finished high school, Andov graduated from the Faculty of Economics in Skopje and received a Masters Degree at the University of Belgrade. Heb lived in Belgrade... (acting) |
1935– | 4 October 1995 | 17 November 1995 | Liberal Party of Macedonia Liberal Party of Macedonia The Liberal Party of Macedonia is a liberal party in the Republic of Macedonia. It was formed in December 1999 after the split of some former members of the old Liberal Party from the Liberal Democratic Party. The party is a member of the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party... |
|
| (1) | Kiro Gligorov Kiro Gligorov Kiro Gligorov , born May 3, 1917) was the first democratically elected President of the Republic of Macedonia. His son Vladimir Gligorov is the refounder of the Serbian Democratic Party.- Biography :... |
1917– | 17 November 1995 | 19 November 1999 | Nonpartisan Nonpartisan In political science, nonpartisan denotes an election, event, organization or person in which there is no formally declared association with a political party affiliation.... |
| Savo Klimovski (acting) | 1947– | 19 November 1999 | 15 December 1999 | Democratic Alternative | |
| 2 | Boris Trajkovski Boris Trajkovski Trajkovski died on 26 February 2004 in a plane crash en route to an economic conference in Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aircraft crashed in thick fog and heavy rain on a mountainside in southeastern Herzegovina, near the villages of Huskovici and Rotimlja some eight miles south-south-east... |
1956–2004 | 15 December 1999 | 26 February 2004 (died in plane crash) |
Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization – Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity |
| Ljupčo Jordanovski Ljupco Jordanovski Ljupčo Jordanovski was a Macedonian seismologist and politician.-Education:Jordanovski received his BEng in Electrical Engineering from the University of Zagreb. He received his PhD from the University of Southern California in 1985.-Early career:... (acting) |
1953–2010 | 26 February 2004 | 12 May 2004 | Social Democratic Union of Macedonia Social Democratic Union of Macedonia The Social Democratic Union of Macedonia is a centre-left political party in the Macedonia.It is the successor of the League of Communists of Macedonia, the ruling party during the communist regime which ruled SR Macedonia as a constituent republic of SFR Yugoslavia from 1945 to 1990. The current... |
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| 3 | Branko Crvenkovski Branko Crvenkovski Branko Crvenkovski leads the Republic of Macedonia's largest opposition party, the Social Democratic Union of Macedonia. He was Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia from 1992 to 1998 and again from 2002 to 2004, then President of the Republic of Macedonia from 2004 to 2009.Crvenkovski was... |
1962– | 12 May 2004 | 12 May 2009 | Social Democratic Union of Macedonia Social Democratic Union of Macedonia The Social Democratic Union of Macedonia is a centre-left political party in the Macedonia.It is the successor of the League of Communists of Macedonia, the ruling party during the communist regime which ruled SR Macedonia as a constituent republic of SFR Yugoslavia from 1945 to 1990. The current... |
| 4 | Gjorge Ivanov | 1960– | 12 May 2009 | Incumbent | Nonpartisan Nonpartisan In political science, nonpartisan denotes an election, event, organization or person in which there is no formally declared association with a political party affiliation.... /Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization – Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity |
See also
- Prime Minister of the Republic of MacedoniaPrime Minister of the Republic of MacedoniaThe Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia is the head of government of the Republic of Macedonia. He or she is the leader of a political coalition in the Macedonian parliament and the leader of the cabinet...
- List of Speakers of the Assembly of the Republic of Macedonia