Považská Bystrica
Encyclopedia
Považská Bystrica is a town
Town
A town is a human settlement larger than a village but smaller than a city. The size a settlement must be in order to be called a "town" varies considerably in different parts of the world, so that, for example, many American "small towns" seem to British people to be no more than villages, while...

 in northwestern Slovakia
Slovakia
The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...

. It is located on the Váh
Váh
The Váh is the longest river in entire Slovakia. A left tributary of the Danube river, the Váh is 406 km long, including its Čierny Váh branch...

 river, around 30 km from the city of Žilina
Žilina
Žilina is a city in north-western Slovakia, around from the capital Bratislava, close to both the Czech and Polish borders. It is the fourth largest city of Slovakia with a population of approximately 85,000, an important industrial center, the largest city on the Váh river, and the seat of a...

. It belongs to Upper Váh region
Upper Váh region
Upper Váh region is the tourism region in the north-west of Slovakia, because of its beautiful countryside it is one of the most visited regions in Slovakia...

 of tourism.

Profile

Považská Bystrica is situated in a fold of mountain ranges Strážovské vrchy (1213 m) and Javorníky
Javorníky
Maple Mountains is a mountain range of the Slovak-Moravian Carpathians that forms part of the border between the Czech Republic and Slovakia....

 (1071 m a.s.l.). Mountains offer an attractive experience to trekkers and mountain-bikers in summer season, cross-country and skiing opportunities in winter season. Veľký Manín mountain (890 m a.s.l.) dominates the town skyline providing views from most places in the town. On the hill next to the town on the opposite side of the river Váh
Váh
The Váh is the longest river in entire Slovakia. A left tributary of the Danube river, the Váh is 406 km long, including its Čierny Váh branch...

 lies the ruins of Považský hrad
Považský hrad
Považský hrad is a ruin of medieval castle on the right side of the river Váh, near Považská Bystrica in Slovakia.It is thought to be the essential part of silhouette of Považie and Upper Váh region especially. It is built on a cliff 497 meters above sea level...

 castle with two manor houses beneath, to which towns history is closely bounded.

Another popular tourist attraction close to the town is a breath-taking canyon Manínska tiesňava
Manínska tiesňava
Manínska Gorge is a national nature reserve, and the narrowest canyon in Slovakia.It lies in the Súľov Mountains, from Považská Bystrica. It is a place of great tourist interest, because of its wild and rare flora and fauna.- External links :*...

. Canyon splits Veľký and Malý Manín mountains. It is an internationally sought-after place-to-die for rock climbers. It is also less known as one of the filming sites for The NeverEnding Story (film)
The NeverEnding Story (film)
The NeverEnding Story is a 1984 German-American epic fantasy film based on the novel of the same name written by Michael Ende. The film was directed and co-written by Wolfgang Petersen and starred Barret Oliver, Noah Hathaway and Tami Stronach. At the time of its release, it was the most...

 in 1984. Just a few kilometers away lies another highly challenging reef formation: Súľovské skaly. To sum it up one of the most famous Slovak spas Rajecké Teplice
Rajecké Teplice
Rajecké Teplice is a town in the , Žilina Region in northern Slovakia.-History of the spa:Located between the Lúčanská Malá Fatra and Martinské hole Hills at the valley of the Rajčanka river, the spa is marked as Thermae on a map from 1376, but a deed by Luis the Great gives the first written...

 lies about 20 km from the town, few kilometres closer are the youngest spas in Slovakia
Slovakia
The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...

 in Nimnica
Nimnica
Nimnica is a spa village and municipality in Púchov District in the Trenčín Region of north-western Slovakia. It is located between the towns of Púchov and Považská Bystrica.-Geography:...

.
Town has mostly postmodern architecture meaning that most of the pre-20th century buildings were replaced in the '60s and '80s.

Považská Bystrica lies on the major traffic route Bratislava
Bratislava
Bratislava is the capital of Slovakia and, with a population of about 431,000, also the country's largest city. Bratislava is in southwestern Slovakia on both banks of the Danube River. Bordering Austria and Hungary, it is the only national capital that borders two independent countries.Bratislava...

 - Žilina
Žilina
Žilina is a city in north-western Slovakia, around from the capital Bratislava, close to both the Czech and Polish borders. It is the fourth largest city of Slovakia with a population of approximately 85,000, an important industrial center, the largest city on the Váh river, and the seat of a...

 causing many traffic jams in the recent years. The motorway viaduct was built through the narrowest segment of the town, which was opened on 31, May 2010.

Považská Bystrica has one twin town Rožnov pod Radhoštěm
Rožnov pod Radhoštem
Rožnov pod Radhoštěm is a town in Zlín Region, Czech Republic.-People:* Gustav Brom, lived here* Martina Hingis, lived here as a child* Naphtali Keller, lived and died here* Emil Zátopek, buried here-See also:* Romanian diaspora, Romanian exonyms...

 in the Czech Republic
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....

.

History

The roots of the settlement of the town roots to Baden culture
Baden culture
Baden culture, ca 3600 BC-ca 2800 BC, an eneolithic culture found in central Europe. It is known from Moravia, Hungary, Slovakia and Eastern Austria...

, also celtic coins were found on the castle cliff supporting the presence of previous settlers. However, the first written reference to the town comes from 1316, in connection with Matthew Csák. The next known reference about Považská Bystrica is dated 13 July 1330. In 1432, the town was burned by Hussite
Hussite
The Hussites were a Christian movement following the teachings of Czech reformer Jan Hus , who became one of the forerunners of the Protestant Reformation...

 troops. The history of the town is very closely connected with the nearby Považský hrad
Považský hrad
Považský hrad is a ruin of medieval castle on the right side of the river Váh, near Považská Bystrica in Slovakia.It is thought to be the essential part of silhouette of Považie and Upper Váh region especially. It is built on a cliff 497 meters above sea level...

 castle, built in the 13th century. The most famous owners of the Bystrica castle and the land were knights Ján and Rafael Podmanitzky
Podmanitzky family
The Podmanitzky family was an influential noble family in the Kingdom of Hungary. They originate from the little village Podmanín near Považská Bystrica, Slovakia....

, known for their robberies. The family of Podmanicki became rulers of the town in 1458, when King Matthias Corvinus of Hungary
Matthias Corvinus of Hungary
Matthias Corvinus , also called the Just in folk tales, was King of Hungary and Croatia from 1458, at the age of 14 until his death...

 donated the castle, the town and 16 surrounding villages to Ladislav Podmanitzky
Podmanitzky family
The Podmanitzky family was an influential noble family in the Kingdom of Hungary. They originate from the little village Podmanín near Považská Bystrica, Slovakia....

. During their reign, which lasted almost 100 years, the town was flourishing. This was supported by important document Articulli Podmanitzkiani
Podmanitzky family
The Podmanitzky family was an influential noble family in the Kingdom of Hungary. They originate from the little village Podmanín near Považská Bystrica, Slovakia....

, which stated the statute of the town and establishing old Slovak language
Slovak language
Slovak , is an Indo-European language that belongs to the West Slavic languages .Slovak is the official language of Slovakia, where it is spoken by 5 million people...

 the only official language among congildones. Such a statute of usage of language did not have any town except Považská Bystrica and Varín
Varín
Varín is a village and municipality in Žilina District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia. It is located at the Malá Fatra National Park and also serves as a tourist resort.-History:In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1235...

.
As an example of the language could be used engraving on the tombstone of Rafael Podmanitzky
Podmanitzky family
The Podmanitzky family was an influential noble family in the Kingdom of Hungary. They originate from the little village Podmanín near Považská Bystrica, Slovakia....

 in the Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary
Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary
Kostol Navstivenia Panny Marie lies in the town centre in Povazska Bystrica. It was built in 14th century by Jan Podmanitzky owner of castle Považský hrad. It was rebuilt in 1940 to satisfy the need for capacity, leaving only presbytery, tower and northern part of girting walls of the old church....

 in Považská Bystrica.

The next one hundred years were hard for the town and the region, because of upheavals of several Hungarian noblemen. The town was plundered by troops of Stephen Bocskay
Stephen Bocskay
Stephen Bocskai or István Bocskai Stephen Bocskai or István Bocskai Stephen Bocskai or István Bocskai (or Bocskay, (1 January 1557 – 29 December 1606) was a HungarianCalvinist nobleman, Prince of Transylvania (1605–06), who defended Hungarian interests when Hungary was divided into Ottoman...

 (1604), Imre Thököly
Imre Thököly
Count Imre Thököly de Késmárk was a Hungarian statesman, leader of an anti-Habsburg uprising, Prince of Transylvania, and vassal king of Upper Hungary.- Early life :Imre Thököly was born at Késmárk, Royal Hungary Count Imre Thököly de Késmárk (Thököly/Tököly/Tökölli Imre in Hungarian, Mirko...

 (1679), Bereczényi and Očkay (1707). Despite the hard times, the town obtained more and more privileges from Hungarian kings during the period, and it had a significantly higher status than the surrounding countryside. This ended in 1886, when a new Hungarian legislation canceled all the privileges.

In 1918, the town became part of the Czechoslovak republic. In 1929, an ammunition plant Roth transferred its production from Bratislava
Bratislava
Bratislava is the capital of Slovakia and, with a population of about 431,000, also the country's largest city. Bratislava is in southwestern Slovakia on both banks of the Danube River. Bordering Austria and Hungary, it is the only national capital that borders two independent countries.Bratislava...

 to Považská Bystrica, which significantly improved the employment situation. Starting in 1937 and continuing until 1945 rifles (vz.24 and K98k) and small arms ammunition were manufactured here. After World War II the munitions factory at Považská Bystrica continued to produce weapons and ammunition for both the military and for commercial purposes.

Since World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...

, and especially in the 1970s and 1980s, the town grew significantly. New residential areas were built around the tiny town center. The town center itself was re-built completely, therefore you can hardly find any historical buildings there now. The main employer since the second world war was the engineering plant Považské strojárne. The plant mainly manufactured scooters and industrial bearings. Since the end of socialism, the company has not prospered. This has caused increased unemployment.

Demographics

According to the 2001 census
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...

, the town had 42,733 inhabitants. 97.72% of inhabitants were Slovaks
Slovaks
The Slovaks, Slovak people, or Slovakians are a West Slavic people that primarily inhabit Slovakia and speak the Slovak language, which is closely related to the Czech language.Most Slovaks today live within the borders of the independent Slovakia...

 and 1.01% Czechs
Czech people
Czechs, or Czech people are a western Slavic people of Central Europe, living predominantly in the Czech Republic. Small populations of Czechs also live in Slovakia, Austria, the United States, the United Kingdom, Chile, Argentina, Canada, Germany, Russia and other countries...

. The religious make-up was 81.10% Roman Catholics, 12.18% people with no religious affiliation, and 2.56% Lutherans.

Interesting places

Považský hrad

Považský hrad
Považský hrad
Považský hrad is a ruin of medieval castle on the right side of the river Váh, near Považská Bystrica in Slovakia.It is thought to be the essential part of silhouette of Považie and Upper Váh region especially. It is built on a cliff 497 meters above sea level...

is a landmark of the town and witness of the history (eg. Celtic coins were found on the castle cliff) It went through many reconstructions, therefore it represents many different architectural movements. The towers of the town were accepted as the symbols to the coat of arms of the town. Nowadays some minor works are done on the castle by voluntary organization Zdruzenie hradu Bystrica, but castle needs more complex reconstruction.

Burg

Burg
Burg Povazska Bystrica
Burg is a manor-house underneath the castle Považský hrad, on the south. Order to build the manor was given by Simon Balassa. Building works on the manor started in the first third of the 17th century and were finished 1631, when family moved from Castle...

being built in the first half of the 17th century gives the clue to the slovak renaissance culture.

Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary in Povazska Bystrica

Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary in Povazska Bystrica is the main church in the town, situated in the heart of the town gives the crossection between 14th century architecture and the architecture of the first half of the 20th century in Slovakia. It was built by Ján Podmanitzky, the owner of the castle in gothic style. Among the years 1913-1914 the tower of the church was covered with baroque "onion like" construction. From the original buildings only the presbytery and the northern perimetric wall stands till today. Major reconstruction and enlarging begun in 1940. Church's windows are filled with colourful stained glass filling created by famous slovak artist Vincent Hložník and his wife Viera Hložníková in 1951. In front of the church is a sandstone statue of saint Mary to which church is dedicated. Inside are epitaphs of Zigmund Balassa, Alzbeta Zborovska, tombstone of Rafael Podmaintzky remains of caryatids and the depiction of the old town on the Balassa tombstone .

Orlove manor house

Orlovsky kastiel this baroco style building was a museum, in the premises used to be a Civic Museum. It is build in part of the town called Orlove. In the interior of the manor, in a chapel, there are many baroque facilities (eg. Organ, Pulpit, Altar) Now it has been closed for several years.

Kalvaria Povazska Bystrica

Kalvaria in Povazska Bystrica
Kalvaria Povazska Bystrica
Kalvaria Povazska Bystrica is a system of buildings which depicts the journey and stops of Jesus Christ until his entombment. It is commonly built all around the world. Kalvaria Povazska Bystrica in Povazska Bystrica was built in 1805 but because of the Communist regime in Slovakia until 1989 the...

was mostly destroyed during socialist era. It has 11 stops leading to the main Chapel of Saint Magdalene on the top of the hill. Last reconstruction of the monument was done in 1937. In spite of its present state it is a part of National heritage. In the chapel of Saint Magdalene there were the statues of Jesus and two men on the hill Golgota, but because of the situation statues were moved to the main town church.

Manor Povazske Podhradie

Száparyovský kaštieľ
Manor Povazske Podhradie
Szaparyovsky kastiel is a manor house on the east, lower from Burg and below the castle Považský hrad in Považská Bystrica municipality. Built was in 1676 probably by Peter Szapáray. In the interior of the manor was a chapel and school used by common people from neigbourhood. Nowadays manor is left...

is a rococo style building with granary and system of outbuildings , below the castle. A chapel was built inside between 1763-1764. Chapel was reconstructed in 1960. In the interior of the manor house were rococo paintings, stone coats of arms.

Estakáda

Motorway viaduct
Viaduct Považská Bystrica
Estakáda Považská Bystrica is a bridge leading across the narrowest part of Považská Bystrica in Slovakia.- References :* *...

Due to its size, conception and short time of building it can be counted between the top structures of civil engineering. On 31, May 2010 the town viaduct was opened for traffic use.

Chapel of Saint Helena

Chapel of Saint Helena was built in 1728 by count Peter Szaparay on the hill above the town, is surrounded by lindens of which one is more than 250 years old. The chapel was robbed and became a ruin until it was renewed in 1990s.

Manínska tiesňava

Manínska tiesňava
Manínska tiesňava
Manínska Gorge is a national nature reserve, and the narrowest canyon in Slovakia.It lies in the Súľov Mountains, from Považská Bystrica. It is a place of great tourist interest, because of its wild and rare flora and fauna.- External links :*...

is the narrowest canyon in Slovakia, lying 6 kilometres from Považská Bystrica. It is place of great tourist interest, because of its wild and rare flora and fauna. It is frequently visited by rock climbers.

Kostol Svateho Ladislava

Kostol sv. Ladislava v Povazskom Podhradi is the last fourth member of the four historical buildings build nearby the castle, creating the panorama of Povazske Podhradie. It was built in 19th century.In the premises of the church is statue of John of Nepomuk, which was coincidentally brought to Povazske Podhradie on abandoned flatboat during floods in 1784. After the floods the statue was placed on the place of its founding with five lindens around. However after some time lindens grew together forming one massive linden-tree. From this point people started to idolize the linden with the statue as a wonder of nature util the linden was cutted down during the building of new manmade basin of the river Vah.

Boroughs

Považská Bystrica has 9 boroughs. 75% of population live inside the town itself, most of them in the apartment blocks. 25% of the population live in the villages.
Boroughs:
  • Centrum
  • Dedovec
  • Hliny
  • Kolónia
  • Lány
  • Rozkvet
  • Stred
  • SNP
  • Zákvašov


  • Villages near Považská Bystrica: Dolny and Horny Milochov
    Milochov
    Milochov is a village in the Považská Bystrica District, Trenčín Region of northwestern Slovakia...

    , Jelšové, Industrial zone, Šuvarovce.

    Other settlements within the district: Belažská Kopanica, Cingelov laz, Dvorského laz, Galanovce, Chodnické, Krekáčov laz, Líškovie laz, Matúšsky laz, Rybárikov laz, Tomankovci a Trnovie laz.

    Notable people

    • Štefan Podmanitzky
      Podmanitzky family
      The Podmanitzky family was an influential noble family in the Kingdom of Hungary. They originate from the little village Podmanín near Považská Bystrica, Slovakia....

       (1480–1530) Arcibishop of Nitra
      Nitra
      Nitra is a city in western Slovakia, situated at the foot of Zobor Mountain in the valley of the river Nitra. With a population of about 83,572, it is the fifth largest city in Slovakia. Nitra is also one of the oldest cities in Slovakia and the country's earliest political and cultural center...

       Coronated both János Szapolyai and Ferdinand I
      Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor
      Ferdinand I was Holy Roman Emperor from 1558 and king of Bohemia and Hungary from 1526 until his death. Before his accession, he ruled the Austrian hereditary lands of the Habsburgs in the name of his elder brother, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor.The key events during his reign were the contest...

       as the kings of the country.
    • Ján Podmanitzky
      Podmanitzky family
      The Podmanitzky family was an influential noble family in the Kingdom of Hungary. They originate from the little village Podmanín near Považská Bystrica, Slovakia....

       (16th century) Arcibishop of Zagreb
      Zagreb
      Zagreb is the capital and the largest city of the Republic of Croatia. It is in the northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slopes of the Medvednica mountain. Zagreb lies at an elevation of approximately above sea level. According to the last official census, Zagreb's city...

    • Dominik Tatarka (1913–1989) – Writer born in Plevník-Drieňové (Považská Bystrica district)
    • Imro Weiner-Kráľ (1901) – Painter
    • Michal Maximilián Scheer (1902–2000) – Functionalist architect
    • Peter Holka (1950) – Writer
    • Ján Kroner (1956) – Actor
    • Dorota Nvotová (1982) – Actress and singer
    • Marián Vajda
      Marián Vajda
      Marián Vajda is a former Slovak tennis player.Vajda was a member of the Olympic Team of Czechoslovakia where in 1992 he competed in the Olympic Games of Barcelona, being easily eliminated in the first round against Israel by 7–6, 6–1, 6–0.Vajda is a former captain of the Slovakia Davis Cup and Fed...

       (1965) – Tennis player, coach
    • Michal Mertiňák
      Michal Mertinák
      Michal Mertiňák is a professional tennis player from Slovakia. He turned professional in 1999, and has won six doubles titles in his career on the ATP Tour. He reached his career high doubles ranking of No. 35 on June 12, 2006. Mertiňák played in the 2005 Davis Cup for Slovakia, who finished...

       (1979) – Tennis player
    • Andrej Meszaros
      Andrej Meszároš
      Andrej Meszároš is a Slovak professional ice hockey defenceman currently playing for the Philadelphia Flyers of the National Hockey League .-Playing career:...

      (1985) - Professional Hockey Player

    NGO's

    In the town are working some small local organizations trying to influence it

    External links


    360° views

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