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Polishing is the process of creating a smooth and shiny surface by rubbing it or using a chemical action, leaving a surface with significant specular reflection
Specular reflection

Specular reflection is the perfect, mirror-like reflection of light from a surface, in which light from a single incoming direction is reflected into a single outgoing direction....
 and minimal diffuse reflection
Diffuse reflection

Diffuse reflection is the reflection of light from an uneven or granular surface such that an incident ray is seemingly reflected at a number of angles....
. When the surface is magnified thousands of times, it usually looks like mountains and valleys. By repeated abrasion, those "mountains" are worn down until they are flat or just small "hills." The process of polishing starts with rough abrasives gradually moving to fine ones.








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Polishing is the process of creating a smooth and shiny surface by rubbing it or using a chemical action, leaving a surface with significant specular reflection
Specular reflection

Specular reflection is the perfect, mirror-like reflection of light from a surface, in which light from a single incoming direction is reflected into a single outgoing direction....
 and minimal diffuse reflection
Diffuse reflection

Diffuse reflection is the reflection of light from an uneven or granular surface such that an incident ray is seemingly reflected at a number of angles....
. When the surface is magnified thousands of times, it usually looks like mountains and valleys. By repeated abrasion, those "mountains" are worn down until they are flat or just small "hills." The process of polishing starts with rough abrasives gradually moving to fine ones.

Types


Metalworking


Other polishing processes include:
  • Burnishing
    Burnishing (metalworking)

    Burnishing is the Deformation of a surface due to sliding contact with another object. Visually, burnishing smears the texture of a rough surface and makes it shinier....
  • Mass finishing
    Mass finishing

    Mass finishing is a group of manufacturing processes that allow large quantities of parts to be simultaneously finishing . The goal of this type of finishing is to burnishing , burr , clean, radius, flash , descaling, remove rust, polish, brighten, surface harden, prepare parts for further finishing, or break off die cast runners....
    • Tumble finishing
    • Vibratory finishing
      Vibratory finishing

      Vibratory finishing is a type of mass finishing manufacturing process used to deburr, radius, descale, burnishing , clean, and brighten a large numbers of relatively small workpieces....
  • Sodablasting
    Sodablasting

    Sodablasting is a process where sodium bicarbonate is applied against a surface using compressed air. It was first used to restore the Statue of Liberty....


Woodworking

  • French polishing
  • Wood finishing
    Wood finishing

    Wood finishing refers to the process of embellishing and/or protecting the surface of a wooden material. The process starts with surface preparation, either by sandpaper by hand , Card scraper, or Plane ....


Other

  • Chemical-mechanical polishing, which is used in semiconductor fabrication
  • Fabrication and testing of optical components
  • Flame polishing
    Flame polishing

    Flame polishing is a method of polishing a material, usually thermoplastics or glass by exposing it to a flame or heat. By melting the surface of the material, surface tension smooths the surface out....
    , a type of polishing used on glass and thermoplastics
  • Ultra-fine, abrasive paste polishing, polishing for soft or fragile work surfaces
  • Vapor polishing
    Vapor Polishing

    Vapor polishing is a method of polishing plastics to reduce the surface roughness or improve clarity. Typically, a component is exposed to a chemical vapor causing the surface to flow thereby improving the surface finish....
    , a method of polishing plastics to optical clarity


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