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Phelonion

 
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The phelónion, in Greek
Greek language

Greek is an Indo-European languages native to the southern Balkan peninsula, the language of the Greek people. It forms an independent branch within Indo-European....
, (plural, , phaelónia) is a liturgical
Liturgy

A liturgy is the customary public worship done by a specific religious group, according to their particular traditions. The word may refer to an elaborate formal ritual such as the Eastern Orthodox Divine Liturgy and Mass , or a daily activity such as the Muslim salat and Jewish Jewish services....
 vestment
Vestment

Vestments are liturgy garments and articles associated primarily with the Christianity religions, especially the Latin Rite and other Roman Catholics, Eastern Orthodox, Anglicans, Methodists, and Lutheran Churches....
 worn by a priest
Priest

A priest or priestess is a person having the authority or power to administer religious rites; in particular, rites of sacrifice to, and propitiation of, a deity or deities....
 of the Eastern Christian tradition
Eastern Christianity

Eastern Christianity refers collectively to the Christianity traditions and churches which developed in the Balkans, Eastern Europe, Asia Minor, the Middle East, Christianity in Africa and southern India over several centuries of religious antiquity....
.






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Meister Der Aphentico Kirche in Mistra 001
Vadersergistandhart
Belarus Minsk Russian Exhibition Orthodox Church Clothing
The phelónion, in Greek
Greek language

Greek is an Indo-European languages native to the southern Balkan peninsula, the language of the Greek people. It forms an independent branch within Indo-European....
, (plural, , phaelónia) is a liturgical
Liturgy

A liturgy is the customary public worship done by a specific religious group, according to their particular traditions. The word may refer to an elaborate formal ritual such as the Eastern Orthodox Divine Liturgy and Mass , or a daily activity such as the Muslim salat and Jewish Jewish services....
 vestment
Vestment

Vestments are liturgy garments and articles associated primarily with the Christianity religions, especially the Latin Rite and other Roman Catholics, Eastern Orthodox, Anglicans, Methodists, and Lutheran Churches....
 worn by a priest
Priest

A priest or priestess is a person having the authority or power to administer religious rites; in particular, rites of sacrifice to, and propitiation of, a deity or deities....
 of the Eastern Christian tradition
Eastern Christianity

Eastern Christianity refers collectively to the Christianity traditions and churches which developed in the Balkans, Eastern Europe, Asia Minor, the Middle East, Christianity in Africa and southern India over several centuries of religious antiquity....
. It is worn over the priest's other vestments and is the same as the chasuble
Chasuble

The chasuble is the outermost liturgy vestment worn by clergy for the celebration of the Eucharist in Western-tradition Christian Churches that use full vestments, primarily in the Roman Catholic Church, in "high church" and "broad church" Anglicanism congregations, and in some parts of the United Methodist Church and Lutheranism Churches...
 of Western Christianity
Western Christianity

Western Christianity is a term used to include the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church, the Churches of the Anglican Communion and Protestantism, which share common attributes that can be traced back to their medieval heritage....
.

Like the chasuble, the phelonion was originally a sort of poncho
Poncho

A poncho is a garment designed to keep the body warm, or if made from a watertight material, to keep dry during rain....
, a round vestment with a hole in the middle for the head, which fell to the feet on all sides. In its present form (dating from about the fifteenth century) the front is largely cut away (from about the waist down) to facilitate the movements of the priest's hands. In Russia the longer front remained common until quite recent times. The use of the phelonion is not limited to the Divine Liturgy
Divine Liturgy

The Divine Liturgy is the common term for the Eucharistic service of the Byzantine church tradition of Christian liturgy. As such, it is used in the Eastern Orthodoxy and Eastern Catholic Churches....
 but is specified for any major liturgical function. It is also called phenolion (; plural phenolia ) in some books.

There are two main styles of phelonion. Byzantine or Greek-style phelonia are tailored to fit over the shoulders, while Russian phelonia (??????, phelon) have a high, stiffened collar that covers the back of the head. There is also a shortened phelonion (????????, felonchik) that is worn by a reader at his tonsuring
Tonsure

Tonsure is the practice of some Christianity churches, mystics, Buddhist novices and Bhikkhus, and some Hindu temples of cutting the hair from the scalp of clerics, devotees or holy people as a symbol of their renunciation of worldly fashion and esteem....
. This small phelonion is still worn by altar server
Altar server

An altar server or Acolyte is a laity assistant to a member of the clergy during a religious service. Acolytes attend to supporting tasks at the altar such as fetching and carrying, ringing the altar bell, etc....
s in Old Believers
Old Believers

In the context of Russian Orthodox church history, the Old Believers became separated after 1666~1667 from the hierarchy of the Russian Orthodox Church as a protest against church reforms introduced by Patriarch Nikon....
 churches.

A bishop
Bishop

A bishop is an ordination or consecration member of the Clergy#Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight....
 who wishes to serve a Divine Liturgy as a priest (i.e., without the special rites and prayers of the Hierarchical Divine Liturgy) will sometimes vest in a phelonion instead of his sakkos
Sakkos

The Sakkos is a vestment worn by Eastern Orthodox and Greek Catholic Church bishops instead of the priest's phelonion. The garment is a tunic with wide sleeves, and a distinctive pattern of trim....
, but with the small omophorion
Omophorion

In the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches liturgical tradition, the omophorion is the distinguishing vestment of a bishop and the symbol of his spiritual and ecclesiastical authority....
 around his neck. Originally, before the introduction of the sakkos, bishops wore a phelonion identical to that worn by priests, except that it was made of cloth that was either woven or embroidered with a pattern of multiple crosses, called a polystavrion ("many crosses").

In Oriental Orthodoxy
Oriental Orthodoxy

Oriental Orthodoxy is the communion of Eastern Christianity Churches that recognize only three ecumenical councils ? the First Council of Nicaea, the First Council of Constantinople and the Council of Ephesus....
, the phelonion is often only clasped at the neck, and is thus more open than the Byzantine style, resembling a Western cope
COPE

COPE may refer to:*The Council of Pacific Education , a regional branch of Education International , the global federation of teachers' trade unions....
. Its various names are phanolion (Coptic
Coptic Christianity

||-The Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria is the official name for the largest Christianity church in Egypt. The Church belongs to the Oriental Orthodoxy family of churches, which has been a distinct church body since the Council of Chalcedon in AD 451, when it took a different position over Christology theology from that of the E...
), payna (Assyrian
Assyrian Church of the East

The Holy Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East , currently presided over by Mar Dinkha IV, is a Christian particular church and one of the earliest to separate itself from communion with the Catholic Church ....
), phayno (Syriac Orthodox
Syriac Orthodox Church

The Syriac Orthodox Church is an autocephaly Oriental Orthodox church based in the Middle East, with members spread throughout the world. It schism with Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism over the Council of Chalcedon, which the Syriac Orthodox Church rejects....
), šurdzar (Armenian) and kappa (Ethiopian
Tewahedo Church

Tewahedo Church may refer to any of the following:* The Eritrean Orthodox Tewahdo Church* The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church...
). These are worn by bishops as well as priests (the sakkos is not worn by priests).