Pelvic tumor
Encyclopedia
A pelvic tumor is any one of numerous tumor
s that occur in the pelvis
. Within the pelvis, these tumors may involve specific organs, or occupy intra-organ spaces. Tumors of the presacral space
and sacral space are most prevalent in children. Tumors occupying specific organs have a more complex natural history.
:
Sacral space (in approximate order of prevalence):
Tumor
A tumor or tumour is commonly used as a synonym for a neoplasm that appears enlarged in size. Tumor is not synonymous with cancer...
s that occur in the pelvis
Pelvis
In human anatomy, the pelvis is the lower part of the trunk, between the abdomen and the lower limbs .The pelvis includes several structures:...
. Within the pelvis, these tumors may involve specific organs, or occupy intra-organ spaces. Tumors of the presacral space
Presacral space
In human anatomy, the presacral space is inside the pelvis, behind the rectum and in front of the coccyx and sacrum. Normally it is empty, or it contains a pocket of fat.It is usually covered by sigmoid colon.-Clinical significance:...
and sacral space are most prevalent in children. Tumors occupying specific organs have a more complex natural history.
Tumors occupying specific organs
- Sacrococcygeal teratomaSacrococcygeal teratomaSacrococcygeal teratoma is a teratoma located at the base of the coccyx . It is thought to be a derivative of the primitive streak.-Natural history:...
- Bladder cancerBladder cancerBladder cancer is any of several types of malignant growths of the urinary bladder. It is a disease in which abnormal cells multiply without control in the bladder. The bladder is a hollow, muscular organ that stores urine; it is located in the pelvis...
- Anal cancerAnal cancerAnal cancer is a type of cancer which arises from the anus, the distal orifice of the gastrointestinal tract. It is a distinct entity from the more common colorectal cancer. The etiology, risk factors, clinical progression, staging, and treatment are all different. Anal cancer is typically a...
- Ovarian cancerOvarian cancerOvarian cancer is a cancerous growth arising from the ovary. Symptoms are frequently very subtle early on and may include: bloating, pelvic pain, difficulty eating and frequent urination, and are easily confused with other illnesses....
- Testicular cancerTesticular cancerTesticular cancer is cancer that develops in the testicles, a part of the male reproductive system.In the United States, between 7,500 and 8,000 diagnoses of testicular cancer are made each year. In the UK, approximately 2,000 men are diagnosed each year. Over his lifetime, a man's risk of...
Tumors occupying intra-organ spaces
Presacral spacePresacral space
In human anatomy, the presacral space is inside the pelvis, behind the rectum and in front of the coccyx and sacrum. Normally it is empty, or it contains a pocket of fat.It is usually covered by sigmoid colon.-Clinical significance:...
:
- TeratomaTeratomaA teratoma is an encapsulated tumor with tissue or organ components resembling normal derivatives of all three germ layers. There are rare occasions when not all three germ layers are identifiable...
Sacral space (in approximate order of prevalence):
- TeratomaTeratomaA teratoma is an encapsulated tumor with tissue or organ components resembling normal derivatives of all three germ layers. There are rare occasions when not all three germ layers are identifiable...
- LipomaLipomaA lipoma is a benign tumor composed of adipose tissue. It is the most common form of soft tissue tumor. Lipomas are soft to the touch, usually movable, and are generally painless. Many lipomas are small but can enlarge to sizes greater than six centimeters. Lipomas are commonly found in adults...
- GanglioneuromaGanglioneuromaGanglioneuroma is a tumor of the sympathetic nerve fibers arising from neural crest cells.For example, it can be found also in the eye , or in the medulla of adrenal glands. Some may be a progressive form of a neuroblastoma....
- Myxopapillary ependymoma
- Primitive neuroectodermal tumorPrimitive neuroectodermal tumorPrimitive neuroectodermal tumor is a neural crest tumor. It is a rare tumor, usually occurring in children and young adults under 25 years of age...
- Aneurysmal bone cystAneurysmal bone cystAneurysmal bone cyst is a benign osteolytic bone neoplasm characterized by blood filled spaces separated by fibrous septa. The term aneurysmal is mainly derived from its macroscopic appearance.- Causes :...
- Ewing's sarcoma
- MetastasesMetastasisMetastasis, or metastatic disease , is the spread of a disease from one organ or part to another non-adjacent organ or part. It was previously thought that only malignant tumor cells and infections have the capacity to metastasize; however, this is being reconsidered due to new research...
from brain stemBrain stemIn vertebrate anatomy the brainstem is the posterior part of the brain, adjoining and structurally continuous with the spinal cord. The brain stem provides the main motor and sensory innervation to the face and neck via the cranial nerves...
tumors (medulloblastomaMedulloblastomaMedulloblastoma is a highly malignant primary brain tumor that originates in the cerebellum or posterior fossa.Previously, medulloblastomas were thought to represent a subset of primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the posterior fossa...
, ependymomaEpendymomaEpendymoma is a tumor that arises from the ependyma, a tissue of the central nervous system. Usually, in pediatric cases the location is intracranial, while in adults it is spinal. The common location of intracranial ependymoma is the fourth ventricle...
, high-grade astrocytomaAstrocytomaAstrocytomas are a type of neoplasm of the brain. They originate in a particular kind of glial-cells, star-shaped brain cells in the cerebrum called astrocytes. This type of tumor does not usually spread outside the brain and spinal cord and it does not usually affect other organs...
)