Paul Jiang Taoran
Encyclopedia
Paul Jiang Taoran was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Zhengding. Ordained to the priesthood in 1953, he was ordained bishop by the Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association
Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association
The Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association , abbreviated CPA, CPCA, or CCPA, is an association of people, established in 1957 by the People's Republic of China's Religious Affairs Bureau to exercise state supervision over mainland China's Catholics...

, without approval from the Vatican. However, in 2008, Pope Benedict XVI
Pope Benedict XVI
Benedict XVI is the 265th and current Pope, by virtue of his office of Bishop of Rome, the Sovereign of the Vatican City State and the leader of the Catholic Church as well as the other 22 sui iuris Eastern Catholic Churches in full communion with the Holy See...

gave his approval.
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