Oyiradai Khan
Encyclopedia
Oyiradai was the Mongol Khan
of the Northern Yuan Dynasty in Mongolia
. Oyiradai ascent to the throne of khagan
in 1415 with the help of the Oirats
after Delbeg Khan
was killed by eastern Mongols
led by Adai Khan
or perished in a battle with the Ming Dynasty
in the same year, to legitimize Oirats
’ rule because he was a direct descendant of Ariq Böke
. Oyiradai’s reign only covers western Mongolia
but this was expanded near his death: during his rule, with the help from Ming China, western Mongols headed by Toghan launched two significant campaigns in 1422 and 1423 respectively against Arughtai
chingsang
and Adai Khan
controlling eastern and central Mongol territory, and both resulted in victory for Oirats
.
After Oyiradai Khan’s death in 1425, the in fights among Oirats
and western Mongol clans left the throne of khan vacant for several years, and it was not until 1433 when Oirats
finally crowned Tayisung Khan
(Toghtoa Bukha or Toγtoγa Buqa) as the new khan. Meanwhile, in the east, Oirats
’s rival eastern Mongol clans proclaimed Adai Khan
as the Great Khan in 1425, which eventually resulted in half a decade of the simultaneous existence of two khans supported by opposing Mongol clans.
Khan (title)
Khan is an originally Altaic and subsequently Central Asian title for a sovereign or military ruler, widely used by medieval nomadic Turko-Mongol tribes living to the north of China. 'Khan' is also seen as a title in the Xianbei confederation for their chief between 283 and 289...
of the Northern Yuan Dynasty in Mongolia
Mongolia
Mongolia is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its western-most point is only from Kazakhstan's eastern tip. Ulan Bator, the capital and largest...
. Oyiradai ascent to the throne of khagan
Khagan
Khagan or qagan , alternatively spelled kagan, khaghan, qaghan, or chagan, is a title of imperial rank in the Mongolian and Turkic languages equal to the status of emperor and someone who rules a khaganate...
in 1415 with the help of the Oirats
Oirats
Oirats are the westernmost group of the Mongols who unified several tribes origin whose ancestral home is in the Altai region of western Mongolia. Although the Oirats originated in the eastern parts of Central Asia, the most prominent group today is located in the Republic of Kalmykia, a federal...
after Delbeg Khan
Delbeg Khan
Delbeg was the Mongol Khan of the Northern Yuan Dynasty in Mongolia. The Oirats finally installed the young Delbeg in 1412 as their puppet Mongol Khan, but this was not recognized by most of Mongol clans in the central and eastern Mongol territories.According to Saghan Secen, Delbeg was a son of...
was killed by eastern Mongols
Khorchin
Khorchin is a subgroup of the Mongols that speak the Khorchin dialect of Mongolian and predominantly live in southeastern Inner Mongolia....
led by Adai Khan
Adai Khan
Adai was the Mongol Khan of the Northern Yuan Dynasty in Mongolia. After the prominent eastern Mongolian chancellor, Arughtai, threw his allegiance to him, he briefly reunited most of the Mongols under his banner.- Lineage and early life :...
or perished in a battle with the Ming Dynasty
Ming Dynasty
The Ming Dynasty, also Empire of the Great Ming, was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty. The Ming, "one of the greatest eras of orderly government and social stability in human history", was the last dynasty in China ruled by ethnic...
in the same year, to legitimize Oirats
Oirats
Oirats are the westernmost group of the Mongols who unified several tribes origin whose ancestral home is in the Altai region of western Mongolia. Although the Oirats originated in the eastern parts of Central Asia, the most prominent group today is located in the Republic of Kalmykia, a federal...
’ rule because he was a direct descendant of Ariq Böke
Ariq Boke
Ariq Böke , the components of his name also spelled Arigh, Arik, Bukha, Buka , was the youngest son of Tolui , a son of Genghis Khan. After the death of his brother the Great Khan Mongke, Ariq Boke briefly took power while his brothers Kublai and Hulagu were absent...
. Oyiradai’s reign only covers western Mongolia
Mongolia
Mongolia is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its western-most point is only from Kazakhstan's eastern tip. Ulan Bator, the capital and largest...
but this was expanded near his death: during his rule, with the help from Ming China, western Mongols headed by Toghan launched two significant campaigns in 1422 and 1423 respectively against Arughtai
Arughtai
Arughtai, also known as Alutai , was a chingsang of the Mongol Dynasty, who fought against the Yongle Emperor of Ming Dynasty China and the Four Oirats....
chingsang
Mongolian nobility
The Mongolian nobility arose in the 10-12th centuries, became prominent in the 13th century, and essentially governed Mongolia until the early 20th century....
and Adai Khan
Adai Khan
Adai was the Mongol Khan of the Northern Yuan Dynasty in Mongolia. After the prominent eastern Mongolian chancellor, Arughtai, threw his allegiance to him, he briefly reunited most of the Mongols under his banner.- Lineage and early life :...
controlling eastern and central Mongol territory, and both resulted in victory for Oirats
Oirats
Oirats are the westernmost group of the Mongols who unified several tribes origin whose ancestral home is in the Altai region of western Mongolia. Although the Oirats originated in the eastern parts of Central Asia, the most prominent group today is located in the Republic of Kalmykia, a federal...
.
After Oyiradai Khan’s death in 1425, the in fights among Oirats
Oirats
Oirats are the westernmost group of the Mongols who unified several tribes origin whose ancestral home is in the Altai region of western Mongolia. Although the Oirats originated in the eastern parts of Central Asia, the most prominent group today is located in the Republic of Kalmykia, a federal...
and western Mongol clans left the throne of khan vacant for several years, and it was not until 1433 when Oirats
Oirats
Oirats are the westernmost group of the Mongols who unified several tribes origin whose ancestral home is in the Altai region of western Mongolia. Although the Oirats originated in the eastern parts of Central Asia, the most prominent group today is located in the Republic of Kalmykia, a federal...
finally crowned Tayisung Khan
Tayisung Khan, Emperor Taizong of Northern Yuan
Tayisung Khan Toghtoa Bukha was a Khan of the Northern Yuan Dynasty in Mongolia. He was enthroned as the Khagan of the Great Yuan...
(Toghtoa Bukha or Toγtoγa Buqa) as the new khan. Meanwhile, in the east, Oirats
Oirats
Oirats are the westernmost group of the Mongols who unified several tribes origin whose ancestral home is in the Altai region of western Mongolia. Although the Oirats originated in the eastern parts of Central Asia, the most prominent group today is located in the Republic of Kalmykia, a federal...
’s rival eastern Mongol clans proclaimed Adai Khan
Adai Khan
Adai was the Mongol Khan of the Northern Yuan Dynasty in Mongolia. After the prominent eastern Mongolian chancellor, Arughtai, threw his allegiance to him, he briefly reunited most of the Mongols under his banner.- Lineage and early life :...
as the Great Khan in 1425, which eventually resulted in half a decade of the simultaneous existence of two khans supported by opposing Mongol clans.