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was an old province of Japan
Japan

Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south....
 in the area that is today the eastern part of Kagoshima prefecture
Kagoshima Prefecture

is a Prefectures of Japan of Japan located on Kyushu island. The capital is the city of Kagoshima, Kagoshima....
. Osumi bordered on Hyuga
Hyuga Province

Hyuga was an old provinces of Japan of Japan on the east coast of Kyushu, corresponding to the modern Miyazaki prefecture. Hyuga bordered on Bungo Province, Higo Province, Osumi Province, and Satsuma Provinces....
 and Satsuma
Satsuma Province

was an old provinces of Japan of Japan that is now the western half of Kagoshima prefecture on the island of Kyushu. Its abbreviation is Sasshu ....
 provinces.

Osumi's ancient capital was near modern Kokubu
Kokubu, Kagoshima

Kokubu was a cities of Japan located in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. On November 7, 2005, the city merged with six towns from Aira District, Kagoshima forming the city of Kirishima, Kagoshima and no longer exists as an independent municipalities of Japan....
. During the Sengoku
Sengoku period

The was a time of social upheaval, political intrigue, and nearly constant military conflict in Japan that lasted roughly from the middle of the 15th century to the beginning of the 17th century....
 and Edo
Edo period

The , or , is a division of History of Japan running from 1603 to 1868. The period marks the governance of the Edo or Tokugawa shogunate, which was officially established in 1603 by the first Edo shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu....
 periods, Osumi was controlled by the Shimazu clan of neighboring Satsuma and did not develop a major administrative center.

The Osumi region has developed its own distinct local dialect
Dialect

A dialect is a variety of a language that is characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class....
. Although Osumi is part of Kagoshima Prefecture today, this dialect is different from that spoken in the city of Kagoshima
Kagoshima, Kagoshima

is the capital cities of Japan of Kagoshima Prefecture at the southwestern tip of the Kyushu island of Japan, and the largest city in the prefecture by some margin....
.






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was an old province of Japan
Japan

Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south....
 in the area that is today the eastern part of Kagoshima prefecture
Kagoshima Prefecture

is a Prefectures of Japan of Japan located on Kyushu island. The capital is the city of Kagoshima, Kagoshima....
. Osumi bordered on Hyuga
Hyuga Province

Hyuga was an old provinces of Japan of Japan on the east coast of Kyushu, corresponding to the modern Miyazaki prefecture. Hyuga bordered on Bungo Province, Higo Province, Osumi Province, and Satsuma Provinces....
 and Satsuma
Satsuma Province

was an old provinces of Japan of Japan that is now the western half of Kagoshima prefecture on the island of Kyushu. Its abbreviation is Sasshu ....
 provinces.

Osumi's ancient capital was near modern Kokubu
Kokubu, Kagoshima

Kokubu was a cities of Japan located in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. On November 7, 2005, the city merged with six towns from Aira District, Kagoshima forming the city of Kirishima, Kagoshima and no longer exists as an independent municipalities of Japan....
. During the Sengoku
Sengoku period

The was a time of social upheaval, political intrigue, and nearly constant military conflict in Japan that lasted roughly from the middle of the 15th century to the beginning of the 17th century....
 and Edo
Edo period

The , or , is a division of History of Japan running from 1603 to 1868. The period marks the governance of the Edo or Tokugawa shogunate, which was officially established in 1603 by the first Edo shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu....
 periods, Osumi was controlled by the Shimazu clan of neighboring Satsuma and did not develop a major administrative center.

The Osumi region has developed its own distinct local dialect
Dialect

A dialect is a variety of a language that is characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class....
. Although Osumi is part of Kagoshima Prefecture today, this dialect is different from that spoken in the city of Kagoshima
Kagoshima, Kagoshima

is the capital cities of Japan of Kagoshima Prefecture at the southwestern tip of the Kyushu island of Japan, and the largest city in the prefecture by some margin....
. There is a notable cultural pride in traditional poetry
Poetry

Poetry is a form of literature art in which language is used for its aesthetics and evocative qualities in addition to, or in lieu of, its apparent meaning ....
 written in Osumi and Kagoshima dialects.

Japan's first satellite, Osumi
Osumi (satellite)

Osumi is the name of the first Japanese artificial satellite put into orbit, named after the Osumi Province in the southern islands of Japan. It was launched on February 11, 1970 at 04:25 UTC with a Lambda from Uchinoura Space Center by Japan's Institute of Space and Astronautical Science , now part of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency...
, was named after the province.

Historical record

In the 3rd month of the 6th year of the Wado
Wado (era)

was a after Keiun and before Reiki . This period spanned the years from 708 through 715. The reigning emperor was ....
 era (713), the land of Osumi Province was administratively separated from Hyuga Province
Hyuga Province

Hyuga was an old provinces of Japan of Japan on the east coast of Kyushu, corresponding to the modern Miyazaki prefecture. Hyuga bordered on Bungo Province, Higo Province, Osumi Province, and Satsuma Provinces....
. In that same year, Empress Gemmei
Empress Gemmei

was the 43rd Emperor of Japan of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. This sovereign is sometimes identified as Empress Genmyo....
's Daijo-kan continued to organize other cadastral changes in the provincial map of the Nara period
Nara period

The of the history of Japan covers the years from AD 710 to 794. Empress Gemmei established the capital of Heijo-kyo . Except for 5 years , when the capital was briefly moved again, it remained the capital of Japanese civilization until Emperor Kammu established a new capital, Nagaoka-kyo, in 784 before moving to Heian-kyo , or Kyoto, a decade lat...
.

In Wado 6, Mimasaka Province
Mimasaka Province

Mimasaka or Sakushu was a Provinces of Japan of Japan in the part of Honshu that is today northeastern Okayama Prefecture. Mimasaka bordered Bitchu Province, Bizen Province, Harima Province, Hoki Province, and Inaba Provinces....
 was sundered from Bizen Province
Bizen Province

Bizen was a Provinces of Japan of Japan on the Seto Inland Sea side of Honshu, in what is today the southeastern part of Okayama Prefecture. Bizen borders Mimasaka Province, Harima Province, and Bitchu Province provinces....
, and Tamba Province
Tamba Province

was an Provinces of Japan of Japan. The ambit of its borders encompassed both the central part of modern Kyoto Prefecture and the east-central part of Hyogo Prefecture....
 was divided from Tango Province
Tango Province

was an old provinces of Japan in the area that is today northern Kyoto Prefecture facing the Sea of Japan. Tango bordered on Tajima Province, Tamba Province, and Wakasa Province provinces....
. In Wado 5 (712), Mutsu Province
Mutsu Province

was an old provinces of Japan of Japan, made up of the present-day Prefectures of Japans of Fukushima Prefecture, Miyagi Prefecture, Iwate Prefecture and Aomori Prefecture, and the municipalities of Kazuno, Akita and Kosaka, Akita in Akita Prefecture....
 had been severed from Dewa Province
Dewa Province

is an old provinces of Japan of Japan, comprising modern-day Yamagata Prefecture and Akita Prefecture, except for the city of Kazuno and the town of Kosaka, Akita....
.

Further reading

  • Titsingh
    Isaac Titsingh

    Isaac Titsingh was a Dutch surgeon, scholar, merchant-trader and ambassador. During a long career in East Asia, Titsingh was a senior official of the Dutch East India Company ....
    , Isaac, ed. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo, 1652], Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth
    Julius Klaproth

    Julius Heinrich Klaproth , German linguist, historian, ethnographer, author, Orientalist and explorer.Klaproth was born in Berlin in October of 1783, the son of the chemist Martin Heinrich Klaproth....
    .     Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland
    Royal Asiatic Society

    The Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland was, according to its Royal Charter of 11 August 1824, established to further "the investigation of subjects connected with and for the encouragement of science, literature and the arts in relation to Asia." From its incorporation the Society has been a forum, through lectures, its jour...
    .