ONE-NET is an open-source standard for wireless networking. ONE-NET was designed for low-cost, low-power (battery-operated) control networks for applications such as home automation, security & monitoring, device control, and sensor networks. ONE-NET is not tied to any proprietary hardware or software, and can be implemented with a variety of low-cost off-the-shelf radio transceivers and micro controllers from a number of different manufacturers.

Wireless Transmission

ONE-NET uses UHF ISM radio transceivers and currently operates in the 868 MHz and 915 MHz frequencies with 25 channels available for use in the United States. The ONE-NET standard allows for implementation on other frequencies, and some work is being done to implement it in the 433 MHz and 2.4 GHz frequency ranges.

ONE-NET utilizes Wideband FSK (Frequency-shift keying

Frequency-shift keying

Frequency-shift keying is a frequency modulation scheme in which digital information is transmitted through discrete frequency changes of a carrier wave. The simplest FSK is binary FSK . BFSK uses a pair of discrete frequencies to transmit binary information. With this scheme, the "1" is called...

) to encode data for transmission.

ONE-NET features a dynamic data rate protocol with a base data rate of 38.4 kbit/s. The specification allows per-node dynamic data rate configuration for data rates up to 230 kbit/s.

Network Characteristics

ONE-NET supports star, peer-to-peer and multi-hop topology. Star network

Star network

Star networks are one of the most common computer network topologies. In its simplest form, a star network consists of one central switch, hub or computer, which acts as a conduit to transmit messages...

 topology can be used to lower complexity and cost of peripherals, and also simplifies encryption key management. In peer-to-peer

Peer-to-peer

Peer-to-peer computing or networking is a distributed application architecture that partitions tasks or workloads among peers. Peers are equally privileged, equipotent participants in the application...

 mode, a master device configures and authorizes peer-to-peer transactions. Emplyoing repeaters and a configurable repetition radius multi-hop mode allows to cover larger areas or route around dead areas. Mesh routing is not supported.

Outdoor peer-to-peer range has been measured to over 500 m, indoor peer-to-peer range has been demonstrated from 60 m to over 100 m, and mesh mode can extend operational range to several kilometers.

Simple, block, and streaming transactions are supported.

Simple transactions typically use message types as defined by the ONE-NET protocol to exchange sensor data such as temperature or energy consumption, and control data such as on/off messages. Simple transactions use encryption techniques to avoid susceptibility to replay attacks.

Block transactions can be used to transmit larger blocks of data than simple messages. Block transactions consist of multiple packets containing up to 58 bytes per packet. Blocks transactions can transfer up to 65,535 bytes per block.

Streaming transactions are similar in format to block transactions but do not require retransmission of lost data packets.

Power Management

ONE-NET is optimized for low power consumption such as battery-powered peripherals. Low-duty-cycle battery-powered ONE-NET devices such as window sensors, moisture detectors, etc. can achieve a three to five year battery life with “AA” or "AAA" alkaline cells.

Dynamic power adjustment allows signal strength info to be used to scale back transmit power to conserve battery power. High data rates and short packet sizes minimize Transceiver On time. Further power efficiency can be gained utilizing deterministic sleep periods for client devices.

Security

By default, ONE-NET uses the Extended Tiny Encryption Algorithm (XTEA

XTEA

In cryptography, XTEA is a block cipher designed to correct weaknesses in TEA. The cipher's designers were David Wheeler and Roger Needham of the Cambridge Computer Laboratory, and the algorithm was presented in an unpublished technical report in 1997...

) version 2 with 32 iterations (XTEA2-32). The ONE-NET protocol provides extensions to even higher levels of encryption. Encryption is integral to the ONE-NET protocol, there are no unencrypted modes. Alternate encryption ID tag allows extension to stronger algorithms.

ONE-NET helps resist a spoofing attack

Spoofing attack

In the context of network security, a spoofing attack is a situation in which one person or program successfully masquerades as another by falsifying data and thereby gaining an illegitimate advantage.- Spoofing and TCP/IP :...

 or replay attack

Replay attack

A replay attack is a form of network attack in which a valid data transmission is maliciously or fraudulently repeated or delayed. This is carried out either by the originator or by an adversary who intercepts the data and retransmits it, possibly as part of a masquerade attack by IP packet...

 by using embedded nonces to ensure unique packets. Cryptographic nonce

Cryptographic nonce

In security engineering, nonce is an arbitrary number used only once to sign a cryptographic communication. It is similar in spirit to a nonce word, hence the name. It is often a random or pseudo-random number issued in an authentication protocol to ensure that old communications cannot be reused...

 tracking allows source verification.

Security key update rate can be set on a per-system basis to allow greater control of security level - faster key updates increase network security.

Programmable “still operational” messages can be used to detect sensor tampering or device failure.

Hardware

ONE-NET works on a number of transceivers from manufacturers such as TI, Analog Devices, Semtech, RFM, Integration and Micrel. Transceivers that have been tested as working with ONE-NET include:

• TRC102
• XE1203F
• XE1205
• ADF7025
• IA4421
• CC1100
• MICRF505

Simple ONE-NET devices such as motion sensors have modest host processor requirements:

• 16K ROM
• 1K RAM
• 128 bytes user non-volatile memory

ONE-NET is well-suited for low-cost 8-bit and 16-bit processors and has been tested with the TI MSP430

TI MSP430

The MSP430 is a mixed-signal microcontroller family from Texas Instruments. Built around a 16-bit CPU, the MSP430 is designed for low cost, and specifically, low power consumption embedded applications. The architecture dates from the 1990s and is reminiscent of the DEC PDP-11.-Applications:The...

, Renesas R8C

R8C

The Renesas R8C is a 16-bit microcontroller that was developed as a smaller and cheaper version of the Renesas M16C . It retains the M16C's 16-bit CISC architecture and instruction set, but trades size for speed by cutting the internal data bus from 16 bits to 8 bits...

, C8051, and Freescale 68HC08

Freescale 68HC08

The 68HC08 is a broad family of 8-bit microcontrollers from Freescale Semiconductor .HC08's are fully code-compatible with their predecessors, the Motorola 68HC05. Like all Motorola processors that share lineage from the 6800, they use the von Neumann architecture as well as memory-mapped I/O...

 (HC08).

Open Source License

ONE-NET is available to use for free using an open source license. ONE-NET uses the OSI-approved “Simplified BSD License” which is one of the so-called permissive free software licenses.

ONE-NET website provides a variety of open source community-supported resources including:

• Schematics
• Bill of Materials
• Printed Circuit Board layouts
• Antenna designs
• Implementation examples
• Source Code
• Documentation
• User forums

Supporting Companies

A number of companies have announced support for the ONE-NET open source initiative including:

• Analog Devices
• Freescale
• Integration Associates
• Micrel
• Renesas
• RF Monolithics
• Semtech
• Silicon Labs
• Texas Instruments
• Threshold

External links

• ONE-NET website
• "Open standart for One-Net wireless network and hardware based on it." - The Paper in Russian magazine