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Mandibular first molar

 

 
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The mandibular first molar or six-year molar is the tooth
Tooth

Teeth are small whitish structures found in the jaws of many vertebrates that are used to tear, scrape, and chew food. Some animals, particularly carnivores, also use teeth for hunting or defense....
 located distally (away from the midline of the face
Face

The term face refers to the central sense organ complex, for those animals that have one, normally on the ventral surface of the head and can depending on the definition in the human case, include the hair, forehead, eyebrow, eyes, nose, ears, cheeks, mouth, lips, philtrum, tooth, skin, and chin....
) from both the mandibular second premolar
Mandibular second premolar

The mandibular second premolar is the tooth located distally from both the mandibular first premolars of the mouth but mesial from both mandibular first molars....
s of the mouth
Mouth

The mouth, buccal cavity, or oral cavity is the first portion of the alimentary canal that receives food and begins digestion by mechanically breaking up the solid food particles into smaller pieces and mixing them with saliva....
 but mesial (toward the midline of the face) from both mandibular second molar
Mandibular second molar

The mandibular second molar is the tooth located distally from both the mandibular first molars of the mouth but mesial from both mandibular third molars....
s. It is located on the mandibular (lower) arch of the mouth, and generally opposes the maxillary (upper) first molars and the maxillary 2nd premolar in normal class I occlusion. The function of this molar
Molar (tooth)

Molars are the rearmost and most complicated kind of tooth in most mammals. In many mammals they grind food; hence the Latin name mola, "millstone"....
 is similar to that of all molars in regard to grinding being the principal action during mastication
Mastication

Mastication or chewing is the process by which food is crushed and ground by teeth. It is the first step of digestion and it increases the surface area of foods to allow more efficient break down by enzymes....
, commonly known as chewing.






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The mandibular first molar or six-year molar is the tooth
Tooth

Teeth are small whitish structures found in the jaws of many vertebrates that are used to tear, scrape, and chew food. Some animals, particularly carnivores, also use teeth for hunting or defense....
 located distally (away from the midline of the face
Face

The term face refers to the central sense organ complex, for those animals that have one, normally on the ventral surface of the head and can depending on the definition in the human case, include the hair, forehead, eyebrow, eyes, nose, ears, cheeks, mouth, lips, philtrum, tooth, skin, and chin....
) from both the mandibular second premolar
Mandibular second premolar

The mandibular second premolar is the tooth located distally from both the mandibular first premolars of the mouth but mesial from both mandibular first molars....
s of the mouth
Mouth

The mouth, buccal cavity, or oral cavity is the first portion of the alimentary canal that receives food and begins digestion by mechanically breaking up the solid food particles into smaller pieces and mixing them with saliva....
 but mesial (toward the midline of the face) from both mandibular second molar
Mandibular second molar

The mandibular second molar is the tooth located distally from both the mandibular first molars of the mouth but mesial from both mandibular third molars....
s. It is located on the mandibular (lower) arch of the mouth, and generally opposes the maxillary (upper) first molars and the maxillary 2nd premolar in normal class I occlusion. The function of this molar
Molar (tooth)

Molars are the rearmost and most complicated kind of tooth in most mammals. In many mammals they grind food; hence the Latin name mola, "millstone"....
 is similar to that of all molars in regard to grinding being the principal action during mastication
Mastication

Mastication or chewing is the process by which food is crushed and ground by teeth. It is the first step of digestion and it increases the surface area of foods to allow more efficient break down by enzymes....
, commonly known as chewing. There are usually five well-developed cusp
Cusp

Cusp may refer to:*Cusp , a singular point of a curve*Cusp form in modular form theory*Cuspidal representation, a generalization of cusp forms in the theory of automorphic representations...
s on mandibular first molars: two on the buccal (side nearest the cheek), two palatal (side nearest the palate
Palate

The palate is the roof of the mouth in humans and vertebrate animals. It separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity. The palate is divided into two parts, the anterior bony hard palate, and the posterior fleshy soft palate or velum....
), and one distal. There are great differences between the deciduous
Deciduous teeth

Deciduous teeth, otherwise known as milk teeth, baby teeth, temporary teeth and primary teeth, are the first set of teeth in the growth development of humans and many other mammals....
 (baby) mandibular molars and those of the permanent mandibular molars, even though their function are similar. It is important to note that the permanent mandibular molars are not considered to have any teeth that precede it. Despite being named molars, the deciduous molars are followed by permanent premolars.

In the universal system of notation
Universal numbering system (dental)

The Universal numbering system is a dental notation system for associating information to a specific tooth, and is commonly used in the USA.The designations "left" and "right" on the chart correspond to the patient's left and right, respectively....
, the deciduous mandibular first molars are designated by a letter written in uppercase. The right deciduous mandibular first molar is known as "S", and the left one is known as "L". The international notation has a different system of notation. Thus, the right deciduous mandibular first molar is known as "84", and the left one is known as "74".

In the universal system of notation, the permanent mandibular first molars are designated by a number. The right permanent mandibular first molar is known as "30", and the left one is known as "19". The Palmer notation
Palmer notation

Palmer notation is a system used by dentists to associate information to a specific tooth. Although supposedly superseded by the FDI World Dental Federation notation, it overwhelmingly continues to be the preferred method used by dental students and practitioners in the United Kingdom....
 uses a number in conjunction with a symbol designating in which quadrant the tooth is found. For this tooth, the left and right first molars would have the same number, "6", but the right one would have the symbol, "+", over it, while the left one would have, "+". The international notation has a different numbering system than the previous two, and the right permanent mandibular first molar is known as "46", and the left one is known as "36". Mandibular primary first molars usually have four pulp horns.

The first molar is usually the first permanent tooth to erupt and has adult undertones.

Pathologies

The mandibular first molars are the most common carious
Dental caries

Dental caries, also known as tooth decay, is a disease where bacterial processes damage hard tooth structure . These tissues progressively break down, producing dental cavities ....
 teeth and the most common teeth to undergo endodontic treatment or extraction. Up to 45% of all extracted teeth are mandibular first molars.