Malaspina Expedition 2010
Encyclopedia
The Malaspina circumnavigation expedition is an interdisciplinary research project whose overall goals are to assess the impact of global change
on the oceans and explore their biodiversity
. The 250 scientists on board the Hespérides and Sarmiento de Gamboa are embarking on a nine-month expedition (taking place between December 2010 and July 2011) combining pioneering scientific research with training for young researchers, while advancing marine science and fostering the public understanding of science.
The project is under the umbrella of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation's Consolider – Ingenio 2010 programme and is led by the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) with the support of the Spanish Navy
. It is named after the original scientific Malaspina Expedition
between 1789 and 1794, that was commanded by Alejandro Malaspina. Due to Malaspina's involvement in a conspiracy to overthrow the Spanish government, he was jailed upon his return and a large part of the expedition's reports and collections were put away unpublished, not to see the light again until late in the 20th century.
. These include activities which, although performed locally, have effects on the functioning of the earth’s system as a whole.
The ocean plays a central role in regulating the planet’s climate and is its biggest sink of CO2 and other substances
produced by human activity.
The project will put together Colección Malaspina 2010, a collection of environmental and biological data and samples which will be available to the scientific community for it to evaluate the impacts of future global changes. This will be particularly valuable, for example, when new technologies allow levels of pollutants below current thresholds of detection to be evaluated.
The development of new genomic techniques has now made it possible to explore life’s diversity in the sunless depths of the oceans and assess the metabolic potential of the life they conceal. Exploring biodiversity in the ocean’s depths could also yield important discoveries with applications in biotechnology
.
has played a leading role in the exploration of the planet’s resources, and remains a benchmark in international oceanographic research. The project aims to foster platforms for cooperation within the marine research community in Spain, and to bring science and research on global change closer to the public through various outreach activities, such as exhibitions, lecture series, etc.
programmes have jointly coordinated a training module, included in the FBBVA-CSIC’s Malaspina Expedition Doctoral Programme, financed by the BBVA Foundation and the CSIC. The high point of this training module will be the use of the Sarmiento de Gamboa as a teaching vessel on the leg of the journey between Miami and Las Palmas.
to Santo Domingo
(Dominican Republic) and then return to Cadiz, where it will host a ‘floating
university’ providing oceanographic training for a group of master’s degree students.
Global change
Global change refers to planetary-scale changes in the Earth system. The system consists of the land, oceans, atmosphere, poles, life, the planet’s natural cycles and deep Earth processes. These constituent parts influence one another...
on the oceans and explore their biodiversity
Biodiversity
Biodiversity is the degree of variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome, or an entire planet. Biodiversity is a measure of the health of ecosystems. Biodiversity is in part a function of climate. In terrestrial habitats, tropical regions are typically rich whereas polar regions...
. The 250 scientists on board the Hespérides and Sarmiento de Gamboa are embarking on a nine-month expedition (taking place between December 2010 and July 2011) combining pioneering scientific research with training for young researchers, while advancing marine science and fostering the public understanding of science.
The project is under the umbrella of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation's Consolider – Ingenio 2010 programme and is led by the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) with the support of the Spanish Navy
Spanish Navy
The Spanish Navy is the maritime branch of the Spanish Armed Forces, one of the oldest active naval forces in the world. The Armada is responsible for notable achievements in world history such as the discovery of Americas, the first world circumnavigation, and the discovery of a maritime path...
. It is named after the original scientific Malaspina Expedition
Malaspina Expedition
The Malaspina Expedition was a scientific exploration that took place during a five-year voyage around the globe, commanded by Alessandro Malaspina and José de Bustamante y Guerra. Although the expedition receives its name from Malaspina, he always insisted on giving Bustamante an equal share of...
between 1789 and 1794, that was commanded by Alejandro Malaspina. Due to Malaspina's involvement in a conspiracy to overthrow the Spanish government, he was jailed upon his return and a large part of the expedition's reports and collections were put away unpublished, not to see the light again until late in the 20th century.
Assessing the impact of global change on the oceans
Global change relates to the impact of human activities on the functioning of the biosphereBiosphere
The biosphere is the global sum of all ecosystems. It can also be called the zone of life on Earth, a closed and self-regulating system...
. These include activities which, although performed locally, have effects on the functioning of the earth’s system as a whole.
The ocean plays a central role in regulating the planet’s climate and is its biggest sink of CO2 and other substances
produced by human activity.
The project will put together Colección Malaspina 2010, a collection of environmental and biological data and samples which will be available to the scientific community for it to evaluate the impacts of future global changes. This will be particularly valuable, for example, when new technologies allow levels of pollutants below current thresholds of detection to be evaluated.
Exploring the biodiversity of the deep ocean
Half the Earth’s surface is covered by oceans over 3,000 metres deep, making them the biggest ecosystem on the planet. Nevertheless, due to the limitations of the technology available until just recently, the oceans remain something of a mystery. Indeed, it is often said that we know more about the Moon or Mars than Earth’s oceans.The development of new genomic techniques has now made it possible to explore life’s diversity in the sunless depths of the oceans and assess the metabolic potential of the life they conceal. Exploring biodiversity in the ocean’s depths could also yield important discoveries with applications in biotechnology
Biotechnology
Biotechnology is a field of applied biology that involves the use of living organisms and bioprocesses in engineering, technology, medicine and other fields requiring bioproducts. Biotechnology also utilizes these products for manufacturing purpose...
.
Assessing the impact of the original Malaspina expedition
Using sources in the countries visited, the project also aims to assess the socio-political impact of the Malaspina expedition in the regions it explored, and review the biography and historiography of Alejandro Malaspina, with particular emphasis on the work done in the wake of the expedition.Promoting marine science in Spain and public understanding of issues in marine sciences
SpainSpain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
has played a leading role in the exploration of the planet’s resources, and remains a benchmark in international oceanographic research. The project aims to foster platforms for cooperation within the marine research community in Spain, and to bring science and research on global change closer to the public through various outreach activities, such as exhibitions, lecture series, etc.
Raising the interest for marine sciences within the youth and training young scientists in a global perspective to ocean sciences
The project will be a unique opportunity to promote the training of young researchers in marine sciences. Four postgraduateprogrammes have jointly coordinated a training module, included in the FBBVA-CSIC’s Malaspina Expedition Doctoral Programme, financed by the BBVA Foundation and the CSIC. The high point of this training module will be the use of the Sarmiento de Gamboa as a teaching vessel on the leg of the journey between Miami and Las Palmas.
Thematic blocks
- Physical oceanography: changes in the physical properties of the ocean
- Ocean biochemistry: carbon, nutrients and trace gases
- Atmospheric deposition and organic pollutants
- Optics, phytoplankton, production and metabolism
- Microbiological diversity and ecological function
- The distribution and role of zooplankton in the world’s oceans
- The Malaspina expedition. Science and politics on the other side of the ocean
Route taken by the expedition
The Malaspina expedition, taking place between December 2010 and July 2011, will involve two oceanographic research vessels: The Hespérides, operated by the Spanish Navy, which will circumnavigate the globe, and the R/V Sarmiento de Gamboa, operated by the Marine Technology Unit from the CSIC, which will sail from CadizCádiz
Cadiz is a city and port in southwestern Spain. It is the capital of the homonymous province, one of eight which make up the autonomous community of Andalusia....
to Santo Domingo
Santo Domingo
Santo Domingo, known officially as Santo Domingo de Guzmán, is the capital and largest city in the Dominican Republic. Its metropolitan population was 2,084,852 in 2003, and estimated at 3,294,385 in 2010. The city is located on the Caribbean Sea, at the mouth of the Ozama River...
(Dominican Republic) and then return to Cadiz, where it will host a ‘floating
university’ providing oceanographic training for a group of master’s degree students.
Route of the Hesperides
- Cartagena - Cadiz
- Cadiz - Río de Janeiro
- Rio de Janeiro - Cape Town
- Cape Town - Perth
- Perth - Sydney
- Sydney - Auckland
- Auckland - Honolulu
- Honolulu - Cartagena de Indias
- Cartagena de Indias - Cádiz