Madih nabawi
Encyclopedia
Madih nabawi one of the principal religious genres of Arabic music, is a song form devoted to eulogizing or rather praising the Prophet Muhammad
and his family. The genre dates from 632
CE, immediately after the death of Muhammad, but the performers address Muhammad as if he were still alive. It is also Sufi genre of belletristic Arab literature (Touma 1996, p. 161).
A typical musical performance features a skilled solo maqam
singer assisted by a chorus
of eight to sixteen men. The chorus sings in unison and a new verse of poetry and prayers or blessings for the audience are added at certain places during the chorus. In North Africa
, it resembles ma'luf
or andalusi nubah
, in Egypt
the dur, in Syria
the muwashshah
, and in Iraq
the maqam al-iraqi
(ibid, p. 159).
Musical genres or subgenres in the madih repertoire include tanzilah ("revelation
"), ibtihal ("supplication"), tawassul
("beseechment"), tawshih, and muwashshah
. A typical performance includes a solo
singer accompanied by a chorus
of men with frame drum
s, the chorus singing a refrain
which the soloist improvisation
ally answers through variation, paraphrasing, or transformation of the refrain, emphasising the characteristics of the respective maqam
row or scale (ibid, p. 162).
Muhammad
Muhammad |ligature]] at U+FDF4 ;Arabic pronunciation varies regionally; the first vowel ranges from ~~; the second and the last vowel: ~~~. There are dialects which have no stress. In Egypt, it is pronounced not in religious contexts...
and his family. The genre dates from 632
632
Year 632 was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 632 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.- Asia :* January 27 – Annular eclipse of the...
CE, immediately after the death of Muhammad, but the performers address Muhammad as if he were still alive. It is also Sufi genre of belletristic Arab literature (Touma 1996, p. 161).
A typical musical performance features a skilled solo maqam
Arabic maqam
Arabic maqām is the system of melodic modes used in traditional Arabic music, which is mainly melodic. The word maqam in Arabic means place, location or rank. The Arabic maqam is a melody type...
singer assisted by a chorus
Choir
A choir, chorale or chorus is a musical ensemble of singers. Choral music, in turn, is the music written specifically for such an ensemble to perform.A body of singers who perform together as a group is called a choir or chorus...
of eight to sixteen men. The chorus sings in unison and a new verse of poetry and prayers or blessings for the audience are added at certain places during the chorus. In North Africa
North Africa
North Africa or Northern Africa is the northernmost region of the African continent, linked by the Sahara to Sub-Saharan Africa. Geopolitically, the United Nations definition of Northern Africa includes eight countries or territories; Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, South Sudan, Sudan, Tunisia, and...
, it resembles ma'luf
Ma'luf
Ma'lūf is a genre of art music in the Andalusian classical music tradition of Algeria, Libya and Tunisia. It was revived in the 1920s by the French musicologist Baron Rodolphe d'Erlanger.-References:...
or andalusi nubah
Andalusi nubah
Andalusi nubah is a musical genre found in the North African Maghrib states of Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya but, as the name indicates, it has its origins in the Arabo-Andalusian music...
, in Egypt
Egypt
Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
the dur, in Syria
Syria
Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest....
the muwashshah
Muwashshah
Muwashshah or muwaššaḥ can mean:...
, and in Iraq
Iraq
Iraq ; officially the Republic of Iraq is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....
the maqam al-iraqi
Maqam al-iraqi
Al-Maqam Al-Iraqi is a four hundred year old genre of Arab music found in Iraq and often considered the most perfect form of maqam. The instrumentation of the ensemble used in maqam al-iraqi, Jalghi baghdadi, includes a qari' , Iraqi Santur , jawza , tabla or dunbak , and sometimes riqq...
(ibid, p. 159).
Musical genres or subgenres in the madih repertoire include tanzilah ("revelation
Revelation
In religion and theology, revelation is the revealing or disclosing, through active or passive communication with a supernatural or a divine entity...
"), ibtihal ("supplication"), tawassul
Tawassul
Tawassul is the Islamic understanding of intercession. It is a religious practice in which a Muslim seeks nearness to Allah. A rough translation would be: "To draw near to what one seeks after and to approach that which one desires." The exact definition and method of tawassul is a matter of...
("beseechment"), tawshih, and muwashshah
Muwashshah
Muwashshah or muwaššaḥ can mean:...
. A typical performance includes a solo
Solo (music)
In music, a solo is a piece or a section of a piece played or sung by a single performer...
singer accompanied by a chorus
Choir
A choir, chorale or chorus is a musical ensemble of singers. Choral music, in turn, is the music written specifically for such an ensemble to perform.A body of singers who perform together as a group is called a choir or chorus...
of men with frame drum
Frame drum
A frame drum is a drum that has a drumhead width greater than its depth. Usually the single drumhead is made of rawhide or man-made materials. Shells are traditionally constructed of bent wood scarf jointed together; plywood and man-made materials are also used. Some frame drums have mechanical...
s, the chorus singing a refrain
Refrain
A refrain is the line or lines that are repeated in music or in verse; the "chorus" of a song...
which the soloist improvisation
Improvisation
Improvisation is the practice of acting, singing, talking and reacting, of making and creating, in the moment and in response to the stimulus of one's immediate environment and inner feelings. This can result in the invention of new thought patterns, new practices, new structures or symbols, and/or...
ally answers through variation, paraphrasing, or transformation of the refrain, emphasising the characteristics of the respective maqam
Arabic maqam
Arabic maqām is the system of melodic modes used in traditional Arabic music, which is mainly melodic. The word maqam in Arabic means place, location or rank. The Arabic maqam is a melody type...
row or scale (ibid, p. 162).
Source
- Habib Hassan Touma (1996). The Music of the Arabs, trans. Laurie Schwartz. Portland, Oregon: Amadeus Press. ISBN 0931340888.
External links
- Madih
- Anasheed
- Mika2eel Madih
- www.aicpmadih.de Mit Live Radio Australien 2MFM + NAM Radio Libanon + Das Größte Islamische Anasheed Archiv Deutschland's http://www.aicpmadih.de:
- www.madih.net - World wide Madih
See also
- Durood
- HaḍraHadraHadra can be:*Hadra, Poland, a village*Hadra , a genus of snails*Haḍra , rituals performed by Sufi orders...
- HamdHamdA Hamd is a poem or song in praise of Allah. A hamd is usually written in Arabic, Persian, Punjabi, or Urdu. The word "hamd" comes from the Qur'an, which Muslims believe to be Allah's Word; its English translation is "Praise"....
- MawlidMawlidMawlid or sometimes ميلاد , mīlād is a term used to refer to the observance of the birthday of the Islamic prophet Muhammad which occurs in Rabi' al-awwal,...
- MehfilMehfilA mehfil is a gathering or evening of courtly entertainment of poetry or concert of Indian classical music and dance, performed for a small audience in an intimate setting....
- Na'atNaatA Na`at is a poetry that specifically praises the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Many of the famous scholars in the earlier days of Islam wrote Naat. People who recite Naat are known as Naat-Khua'an or Sana'a-Khua'an.-History:...
- NasheedAnasheedAnasheed , is Islamic vocal music that is either sung a cappella or accompanied by percussion instruments such as the daff...
- Arabic music
- Islamic musicIslamic musicIslamic music is Muslim religious music, as sung or played in public services or private devotions. The classic heartland of Islam is the Middle East, North Africa, Iran, Central Asia, Horn of Africa and South Asia. Due to Islam being a multi-ethnic religion, the musical expression of its adherents...
- Islamic poetryIslamic poetryIslamic poetry is poetry written by Muslims on the topic of Islam. Islamic poetry has been written in many languages.-Islamic poetry in different languages:* Arabic poetry* Bengali poetry* Persian poetry* Punjabi poetry* Turkish poetry* Urdu poetry...
- Sufi musicSufi musicSufi music is the devotional music of the Sufis, inspired by the works of Sufi poets, like Rumi, Hafiz, Bulleh Shah and Khwaja Ghulam Farid.Qawwali is the most well known form of Sufi music, common in India and Pakistan...
- Sufi poetrySufi poetrySufi poetry has been written in many languages, both for private devotional reading and as lyrics for music played during worship, or dhikr. Themes and styles established in Punjabi Poetry, Sindhi Poetry, Arabic poetry and mostly Persian poetry have had an enormous influence on Sufi poetry...
- SufismSufismSufism or ' is defined by its adherents as the inner, mystical dimension of Islam. A practitioner of this tradition is generally known as a '...
- Ya MuhammadYa MuhammadYā Muḥammad , like Yā ‘Alī , Yā Hussain , Yā Fātimah , are expressions used by the followers of Islam, which means "Oh Muhammad".-Definition:...