Lycaena orbitulus
Encyclopedia
The Greenish Mountain Blue (Lycaena orbitulus) is a butterfly
in the family Lycaenidae
. It is found in Asia
and Europe
.
Race jaloka found in India was earlier called Polyommatus jaloka Moore, 1874. There is considerable variation in the species.
The male has the upperside brown with metallic green or blue to varying extents from the base outwards. The blue or green usually occupies the basal three-fourths of the wing. Towards the costa there is a broad edge and even broader along the termen of the ground colour. On the hind wing the blue or green occupies a medial area from the base to the disc, and leaves a broad brown edging to the costa, termen and dorsum. Fore and hind wings have discocellular black spots encircled by pale edgings, followed on both wings by transverse discal series of pale bluish-white spots and anticiliary slender black lines. In some these spots are very prominent, in others barely indicated. On the underside the wings are brownish, turning to greyish white on the termen. Fore wing underside has a more or less obscure pale-bordered discocellular spot, followed by a transverse, slightly curved discal series of six black spots encircled with white. The underside of the hind wing has the brown basal area irrorated inwardly with metallic blue scales and sharply demarcated from the greyish-white terminal area which occupies about half the wing; discocellular spot large and prominently white, as is an angulated transverse discal series of large spots; these latter spots in many specimens somewhat obscure on the greyish-white ground-colour of the terminal half of the wing. Cilia of both fore and hind wings conspicuously white. Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen brown ; the shafts of the antennae obscurely ringed with white, the thorax and abdomen with a little bluish pubescence in fresh specimens ; beneath : the palpi, thorax and abdomen white.
Female has the upperside brown, without any blue or green irroration. Fore and hind wings: markings much as in the male, the discal spots always somewhat more prominent. Underside as in the male; the discal spots generally more prominent and followed in some specimens by two or three posterior, large, diffuse brown markings. Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen similar to those of the male, but the latter two without any blue pubescence ; beneath as in the male.
�
�Has a wing expanse of 28–30 mm.
Found in the northwestern Himalayas Kashmir, Pangi, Ladakh.
Variety ellisi Marshall, differs from typical jaloka as follows:—
Upperside of the male has the suffusion of metallic bluish-green scales restricted to the immediate base of the fore wing, extended slightly more outwards on the hind wing, but never so far towards the termen as in jaloka in both sexes the discal series of spots on both fore and hind wings very large and clearly defined, the discocellular spot prominently white, very rarely centred with dark brown. Underside creamy-white, slightly brownish on the discal areas of both fore and hind wings, while the discal spots on both wings are entirely white, with no trace of dark centres, as on the fore wing of the typical race. Otherwise as in jaloka.
Var. leela de Nicéville
, differs from typical jaloka as follows :—
The irroration of metallic bluish-green scales on the upperside of the wings extended outwards from the base almost but not quite so far as in jaloka; the spots of the transverse discal series on both fore and hind wings as in jaloka but each obscurely centred with blackish in most specimens. Underside : greyish white, discs of wings brown, bases irrorated somewhat densely with metallic green scales, paler than in the typical race. Fore wing with a very indistinct irregular subterminal series of dark spots in addition to the disco-cellular and discal spots, which are similar to those in jaloka. Hind wing, according to de Niceville has, in addition to the discocellular and discal markings, "a marginal double series of coalescing white lunules."
Butterfly
A butterfly is a mainly day-flying insect of the order Lepidoptera, which includes the butterflies and moths. Like other holometabolous insects, the butterfly's life cycle consists of four parts: egg, larva, pupa and adult. Most species are diurnal. Butterflies have large, often brightly coloured...
in the family Lycaenidae
Lycaenidae
The Lycaenidae are the second-largest family of butterflies, with about 6000 species worldwide, whose members are also called gossamer-winged butterflies...
. It is found in Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
and Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
.
Description
- See glossaryGlossary of Lepidopteran termsThis glossary describes the terms used in the formal descriptions of insect species, jargon used mostly by professionals or entomologist....
for terms used
Race jaloka found in India was earlier called Polyommatus jaloka Moore, 1874. There is considerable variation in the species.
The male has the upperside brown with metallic green or blue to varying extents from the base outwards. The blue or green usually occupies the basal three-fourths of the wing. Towards the costa there is a broad edge and even broader along the termen of the ground colour. On the hind wing the blue or green occupies a medial area from the base to the disc, and leaves a broad brown edging to the costa, termen and dorsum. Fore and hind wings have discocellular black spots encircled by pale edgings, followed on both wings by transverse discal series of pale bluish-white spots and anticiliary slender black lines. In some these spots are very prominent, in others barely indicated. On the underside the wings are brownish, turning to greyish white on the termen. Fore wing underside has a more or less obscure pale-bordered discocellular spot, followed by a transverse, slightly curved discal series of six black spots encircled with white. The underside of the hind wing has the brown basal area irrorated inwardly with metallic blue scales and sharply demarcated from the greyish-white terminal area which occupies about half the wing; discocellular spot large and prominently white, as is an angulated transverse discal series of large spots; these latter spots in many specimens somewhat obscure on the greyish-white ground-colour of the terminal half of the wing. Cilia of both fore and hind wings conspicuously white. Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen brown ; the shafts of the antennae obscurely ringed with white, the thorax and abdomen with a little bluish pubescence in fresh specimens ; beneath : the palpi, thorax and abdomen white.
Female has the upperside brown, without any blue or green irroration. Fore and hind wings: markings much as in the male, the discal spots always somewhat more prominent. Underside as in the male; the discal spots generally more prominent and followed in some specimens by two or three posterior, large, diffuse brown markings. Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen similar to those of the male, but the latter two without any blue pubescence ; beneath as in the male.
�
�Has a wing expanse of 28–30 mm.
Found in the northwestern Himalayas Kashmir, Pangi, Ladakh.
Variety ellisi Marshall, differs from typical jaloka as follows:—
Upperside of the male has the suffusion of metallic bluish-green scales restricted to the immediate base of the fore wing, extended slightly more outwards on the hind wing, but never so far towards the termen as in jaloka in both sexes the discal series of spots on both fore and hind wings very large and clearly defined, the discocellular spot prominently white, very rarely centred with dark brown. Underside creamy-white, slightly brownish on the discal areas of both fore and hind wings, while the discal spots on both wings are entirely white, with no trace of dark centres, as on the fore wing of the typical race. Otherwise as in jaloka.
Var. leela de Nicéville
Lionel de Nicéville
Charles Lionel Augustus de Nicéville was a curator at the Indian Museum in Calcutta . He studied the butterflies of South Asia and wrote a three volume monograph on the butterflies of India, Pakistan, Burma and Sri Lanka.Born in a noble Huguenot family, his father was a physician. He was educated...
, differs from typical jaloka as follows :—
The irroration of metallic bluish-green scales on the upperside of the wings extended outwards from the base almost but not quite so far as in jaloka; the spots of the transverse discal series on both fore and hind wings as in jaloka but each obscurely centred with blackish in most specimens. Underside : greyish white, discs of wings brown, bases irrorated somewhat densely with metallic green scales, paler than in the typical race. Fore wing with a very indistinct irregular subterminal series of dark spots in addition to the disco-cellular and discal spots, which are similar to those in jaloka. Hind wing, according to de Niceville has, in addition to the discocellular and discal markings, "a marginal double series of coalescing white lunules."