List of people indicted in the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
Encyclopedia
The list of people indicted in the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda includes all individuals who have been indicted
on any counts of genocide
, crimes against humanity
, war crime
s, or contempt of the Tribunal
by the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
(ICTR) pursuant to the Statute of the Tribunal. An individual is indicted when a Trial Chamber confirms an indictment submitted to it by the Prosecutor. The Trial Chamber may also "issue
such orders and warrants for the arrest, detention, surrender or transfer of persons, and any other
orders as may be required for the conduct of the trial."
with which an individual has been charged. CAH list the number of counts of crimes against humanity
, WC the number of counts of war crime
s and C the number of counts of contempt of the Tribunal
. Note that these are the counts with which an individual was indicted, not convicted.
Indictment
An indictment , in the common-law legal system, is a formal accusation that a person has committed a crime. In jurisdictions that maintain the concept of felonies, the serious criminal offence is a felony; jurisdictions that lack the concept of felonies often use that of an indictable offence—an...
on any counts of genocide
Genocide
Genocide is defined as "the deliberate and systematic destruction, in whole or in part, of an ethnic, racial, religious, or national group", though what constitutes enough of a "part" to qualify as genocide has been subject to much debate by legal scholars...
, crimes against humanity
Crime against humanity
Crimes against humanity, as defined by the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court Explanatory Memorandum, "are particularly odious offenses in that they constitute a serious attack on human dignity or grave humiliation or a degradation of one or more human beings...
, war crime
War crime
War crimes are serious violations of the laws applicable in armed conflict giving rise to individual criminal responsibility...
s, or contempt of the Tribunal
Contempt of court
Contempt of court is a court order which, in the context of a court trial or hearing, declares a person or organization to have disobeyed or been disrespectful of the court's authority...
by the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda is an international court established in November 1994 by the United Nations Security Council in Resolution 955 in order to judge people responsible for the Rwandan Genocide and other serious violations of international law in Rwanda, or by Rwandan...
(ICTR) pursuant to the Statute of the Tribunal. An individual is indicted when a Trial Chamber confirms an indictment submitted to it by the Prosecutor. The Trial Chamber may also "issue
such orders and warrants for the arrest, detention, surrender or transfer of persons, and any other
orders as may be required for the conduct of the trial."
Overview
To date the ICTR has indicted 92 individuals. Two individuals are in detention awaiting trial, one of whom is appealing his transfer to Rwanda after the case against him was referred to the Rwandan justice system. Additionally, five individuals are currently on trial, 19 are appealing their sentences, eight have been acquitted and released from detention, and two are awaiting the appeal of their acquittals. Proceedings against four individuals were terminated after two died and after indictments against two were withdrawn. The cases against two individuals were transferred to national jurisdictions. The Tribunal has finished proceedings against 29 individuals who are currently serving prison sentences, nine who have finished their sentences and have been released, and three who have died while serving prison sentences. Nine individuals remain at large as fugitives.List of indictees
The list below details the counts against each individual indicted in the Tribunal and his or her current status. The column titled G lists the number of counts (if any) of the crime of genocideGenocide
Genocide is defined as "the deliberate and systematic destruction, in whole or in part, of an ethnic, racial, religious, or national group", though what constitutes enough of a "part" to qualify as genocide has been subject to much debate by legal scholars...
with which an individual has been charged. CAH list the number of counts of crimes against humanity
Crime against humanity
Crimes against humanity, as defined by the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court Explanatory Memorandum, "are particularly odious offenses in that they constitute a serious attack on human dignity or grave humiliation or a degradation of one or more human beings...
, WC the number of counts of war crime
War crime
War crimes are serious violations of the laws applicable in armed conflict giving rise to individual criminal responsibility...
s and C the number of counts of contempt of the Tribunal
Contempt of court
Contempt of court is a court order which, in the context of a court trial or hearing, declares a person or organization to have disobeyed or been disrespectful of the court's authority...
. Note that these are the counts with which an individual was indicted, not convicted.
| Name | Indicted | Transferred to the ICTR |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 3 | 2 | — | Acquitted on (conditionally released on ) | ||||
| 4 | 12 | 8 | — | Serving sentence of life imprisonment in Mali | ||||
| 2 | 3 | 2 | — | Fugitive | ||||
| 2 | 3 | 2 | — | Fugitive | ||||
| 3 | 6 | 4 | — | Fugitive | ||||
| 2 | 2 | — | — | Serving sentence of life imprisonment in Mali | ||||
| 5 | 12 | 8 | — | Completed sentence of years' imprisonment on | ||||
| 1 | 3 | 2 | — | Serving sentence of 25 years' imprisonment in Mali | ||||
| 3 | 7 | 5 | — | Serving sentence of life imprisonment in Mali | ||||
| 1 | 4 | 3 | — | Died on while serving sentence of life imprisonment | ||||
| 4 | 4 | 1 | — | Fugitive | ||||
| 3 | 3 | 1 | — | Completed sentence of 10 years' imprisonment on | ||||
| 3 | 3 | 1 | — | Serving sentence of 25 years' imprisonment in Benin | ||||
| 4 | 4 | 1 | — | Appealing sentence of life imprisonment | ||||
| 4 | 3 | — | — | Serving sentence of 30 years' imprisonment in Mali | ||||
| 4 | 5 | 2 | — | Appealing sentence of life imprisonment | ||||
| 3 | 4 | 2 | — | Serving sentence of life imprisonment in Mali | ||||
| 4 | 4 | 2 | — | Serving sentence of life imprisonment in Mali | ||||
| 4 | 4 | 1 | — | Appealing sentence of 35 years' imprisonment | ||||
| 3 | 6 | 3 | — | Appealing sentence of life imprisonment | ||||
| 4 | 1 | 1 | — | Acquitted on (conditionally released on ) | ||||
| 4 | 5 | 2 | — | Appealing sentence of life imprisonment | ||||
| 4 | 5 | 2 | — | Appealing sentence of life imprisonment | ||||
| 4 | 3 | — | — | Serving sentence of 35 years' imprisonment in Mali | ||||
| 3 | 3 | — | — | Completed sentence of 12 years' imprisonment on | ||||
| 3 | 3 | 1 | — | Acquitted on (conditionally released on ) | ||||
| 3 | 4 | 1 | — | Completed sentence of 12 years' imprisonment on | ||||
| 1 | 1 | — | — | Serving sentence of 25 years' imprisonment | ||||
| 3 | 5 | 2 | — | Acquitted on | ||||
| 3 | 5 | 2 | — | Appealing sentence of life imprisonment | ||||
| 4 | 2 | — | — | Serving sentence of life imprisonment in Mali | ||||
| 4 | 4 | 1 | — | Appealing sentence of 25 years' imprisonment | ||||
| 4 | 4 | 1 | — | Appealing sentence of 30 years' imprisonment | ||||
| 4 | 3 | 2 | — | Died on while serving sentence of 32 years' imprisonment | ||||
| 3 | 8 | 3 | — | Serving sentence of 35 years' imprisonment in Mali | ||||
| 4 | 5 | 2 | — | Fugitive | ||||
| 4 | 5 | 1 | — | Trial began on | ||||
| 4 | 5 | 2 | — | Trial began on | ||||
| 4 | 5 | 1 | — | Trial began on | ||||
| 4 | 1 | — | — | Fugitive | ||||
| 4 | 5 | 2 | — | Serving sentence of 45 years' imprisonment in Benin | ||||
| 2 | 2 | — | — | Acquitted on | ||||
| — | 1 | — | — | Charges withdrawn on | ||||
| 1 | 4 | — | — | Serving sentence of 15 years' imprisonment in Mali | ||||
| 4 | 3 | 2 | — | Acquitted on (pending appeal) | ||||
| 4 | 3 | 2 | — | Acquitted on (pending appeal) | ||||
| 4 | 3 | 2 | — | Appealing sentence of 30 years' imprisonment | ||||
| 4 | 3 | 2 | — | Appealing sentence of 30 years' imprisonment | ||||
| 3 | 4 | 2 | — | Serving sentence of life imprisonment in Mali | ||||
| 4 | 4 | 2 | — | Trial began on | ||||
| 3 | 3 | 2 | — | Appealing sentence of 30 years' imprisonment | ||||
| 3 | 2 | 1 | — | Completed sentence of time served on | ||||
| 3 | 6 | 2 | — | Fugitive | ||||
| 1 | 2 | 2 | — | Appealing sentence of 20 years' imprisonment | ||||
| 1 | 2 | 2 | — | Appealing sentence of 20 years' imprisonment | ||||
| 3 | 2 | — | — | Appealing sentence of life imprisonment | ||||
| 3 | 2 | — | — | Serving sentence of 15 years' imprisonment | ||||
| 4 | 4 | 2 | — | Trial began on | ||||
| — | 1 | — | — | Serving sentence of 11 years' imprisonment in Benin | ||||
| 4 | 5 | 3 | — | Serving sentence of 15 years' imprisonment in Mali | ||||
| 3 | 3 | — | — | Appealing sentence of life imprisonment | ||||
| 2 | 1 | — | — | Died on ; proceedings terminated on | ||||
| 2 | 3 | — | — | Serving sentence of life imprisonment in Mali | ||||
| 1 | 3 | — | — | Serving sentence of 35 years' imprisonment | ||||
| 3 | 1 | — | — | Appealing sentence of 15 years' imprisonment | ||||
| 3 | 1 | — | — | Fugitive | ||||
| 2 | 1 | — | — | Serving sentence of life imprisonment in Benin | ||||
| 4 | 2 | — | — | Serving sentence of 15 years' imprisonment | ||||
| 1 | 2 | — | — | Serving sentence of life imprisonment in Benin | ||||
| 2 | 1 | — | — | Acquitted on | ||||
| 1 | 2 | — | — | Serving sentence of 23 years' imprisonment | ||||
| 3 | 2 | — | — | Acquitted on | ||||
| 2 | 1 | — | — | Acquitted on | ||||
| 2 | 2 | — | — | Serving sentence of life imprisonment in Benin | ||||
| 1 | 1 | — | — | Case referred to Rwanda on (pending appeal) | ||||
| 2 | 2 | — | — | Completed sentence of years' imprisonment on | ||||
| 4 | 2 | 1 | — | Died on ; proceedings terminated on | ||||
| ? | ? | ? | — | Fugitive | — | |||
| 2 | 2 | — | — | Serving sentence of 25 years' imprisonment in Benin | ||||
| 3 | 1 | — | — | Appealing sentence of 30 years' imprisonment | ||||
| 2 | 2 | 1 | — | Charges withdrawn on | ||||
| 2 | 2 | 2 | — | Serving sentence of life imprisonment | ||||
| 2 | 2 | 2 | — | Serving sentence of 25 years' imprisonment | ||||
| 3 | 2 | — | — | Case in pre-trial stage | ||||
| 3 | — | — | — | Appealing sentence of 25 years' imprisonment | ||||
| 3 | 3 | — | — | Case referred to France on | ||||
| 3 | — | — | — | Serving sentence of 25 years' imprisonment | ||||
| 3 | 2 | — | — | Died on while serving sentence of years' imprisonment | ||||
| 1 | 3 | — | — | Case referred to France on | ||||
| 3 | — | 1 | — | Completed commuted sentence on | ||||
| GAA | — | — | — | 6 | Completed sentence of months' imprisonment on | |||
| — | — | — | 4 | Completed sentence of months' imprisonment on | ||||
| Notes If not cited, transfer dates and current statuses are taken from the ICTR's "Status of Detainees" list. The conditions imposed on Ignace Bagilishema when he was released on 8 June 2001 were lifted on 3 July 2002 when his acquittal was confirmed. Georges Ruggiu, who was serving his prison sentence in Italy, was released 90 days early by an Italian judge in violation of the ICTR's statute. In some Tribunal documents Yussuf Munyakazi's name is spelled "Yusuf". Augustin Ndindiliyimana served a sentence of 11 years and 111 days' imprisonment. In some Tribunal documents Jean Uwinkindi's name is listed as "Jean-Bosco Uwinkindi". The indictment against Pheneas Munyarugarama has not been made public. In some Tribunal documents Dominique Ntawukulilyayo's name is spelled "Ntawukuriryayo". Michel Bagaragaza's sentence of 8 years' imprisonment was commuted to 6 years and 139 days' imprisonment. "GAA" is a pseudonym for a protected witness who testified at the trial of Jean de Dieu Kamuhanda Jean de Dieu Kamuhanda Jean de Dieu Kamuhanda is a Rwandan politician who was sentenced to life imprisonment by the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda for his role in the 1994 Rwandan Genocide.Kamuhanda was born in Gikomero, Rwanda... . |
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See also
- List of Axis personnel indicted for war crimes
- List of people indicted in the International Criminal Court
- List of people indicted in the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia