List of extinct languages of South America
Encyclopedia
This is a list of extinct languages of South America
South America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...

, languages which have undergone language death
Language death
In linguistics, language death is a process that affects speech communities where the level of linguistic competence that speakers possess of a given language variety is decreased, eventually resulting in no native and/or fluent speakers of the variety...

, have no native speakers and no spoken descendant
Historical language
Historical languages are languages that were spoken in a historical period. See:*Historical linguistics*List of languages by first written accounts*List of extinct languages*Classical language*Proto-language...

.

Argentina

  • Abipón
    Abipón language
    The Abipón language was a native American language of the Mataco–Guaycuru family that was at one time spoken in Argentina by the Abipón people. Its last speaker is thought to have died in the 19th century.-Consonants:- Vowels :-Bibliography:...

  • Chané
    Chané language
    Chané is an extinct language of Argentina and Bolivia. It was either a dialect of or closely related to the Terena language of the Arawakan language family. There is little data on this language. In Argentina it was spoken in Salta province....

  • Cacán o Het
    Cacán language
    Cacán is an extinct language that was spoken by the Diaguita and Calchaquí tribes in northern Argentina and Chile. It became extinct during the late 17th century or early 18th century. The language was documented by the Jesuit Alonso de Bárcena, but the manuscript is lost...

  • All languages of the Charruan
    Charruan languages
    The Charruan languages are an extinct group of languages once spoken in Uruguay and the Argentine province of Entre Ríos. Recently a semi-speaker of Chaná language has appeared...

     family, as Chaná
    Chaná language
    Chaná is an extinct Charruan language that was once spoken in Uruguay along the Uruguay and Paraná-Guazú rivers.Chaná is poorly attested. There exists a short grammar by Dámaso Larrañaga. and a few wordlists....

     and Güenoa
  • Henia-Camiare
  • Kunza
  • Huarpe languages: Allentiac and Millcayac
  • Lule Toconoté

Bolivia

  • Canichana
    Canichana language
    Canichana, or Canesi, is a possible language isolate of Bolivia . As of 1991 there were 500 Canichana people, but only 20 spoke the Canichana language; by 2000 the ethnic population was 583, but the language was extinct.-References:...

  • Cayubaba
    Cayubaba language
    Cayuvava is an extinct language of Bolivia, the descendants of the ethnic group of the same name live in the region of Beni, west of Mamore River, north of Santa Ana del Yacuma with a population of 794 inhabitants.-References:...

  • Itene
  • Jorá
  • Saraveca
  • Shinabo

Brazil

  • Acroá
  • Arara
  • Arua
    Aruá language
    Aruá is an extinct language of Brazil. The last speaker died in 1877. All that survives is a word list from 1869....

  • Guana
  • Kaimbé
    Kaimbé language
    Kaimbé is an extinct unclassified language of eastern Brazil. The ethnic population numbered an estimated 1,100 to 1,400 in 1986. The language is scarcely attested; in 1961 one elder was able to remember a few single words mixed with Kiriri.-References:...

  • Kamakan
  • Kamba
    Kamba language (Brazil)
    Kamba is an extinct unclassified language of Brazil. The ethnic population of about 2000 migrated from Bolivia. They may have been Tupian....

  • Kambiwá
    Kambiwá language
    Kambiwá Cambioá is an extinct unclassified language of Brazil. A couple dozen words were collected from two people in the 1960s, but by that time no-one spoke the language any longer. Apart from two apparent borrowings, none of the words are relatable to known languages. Loukotka characterized...

  • Kanoé
    Kanoé language
    Kanoê or Kapishana is a nearly extinct language isolate of Brazil. The Kapishana people now speak Portuguese or other indigenous languages from intermarriage....

  • Kapinawá
    Kapinawá language
    -References:*Alain Fabre, 2005, Diccionario etnolingüístico y guía bibliográfica de los pueblos indígenas sudamericanos: KAPINAWÂ....

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  • Karipuna
    Karipuná language
    Karipuná is a Tupi language spoken by 12-15 individuals in Rondônia, Brazil, though it is unknown how many speakers live in the forest. It is near extinction. It is very similar to neighboring languages, and might be considered a dialect of Kagwahiva....

  • Kariri-Xocó
  • Maritsauá
  • Nukuini
  • Oti
    Oti language
    The Oti language, also known as Chavante or Euchavante, is an extinct language isolate once spoken by the Oti people near São Paulo, Brazil....

  • Otuke
  • Pankararé
  • Paranawát
  • Pataxó-Hãhaãi

  • Puri
  • Tapeba
    Tapeba language
    Tapeba is an extinct unclassified language of Brazil. The ethnic population is about 2,500....

  • Tingui-Boto
    Tingui-Boto language
    Tingui-Boto, or Tingui, also known as Carapató ~ Karapató, is an extinct unclassified language of Brazil. The ethnic population is about 350....

  • Truká
    Truká language
    Truká is an extinct unclassified language of Brazil. The ethnic population is about 1,300.-References:* Fabre, Alain :...

  • Tukumanféd
  • Tupinambá
  • Turiwara
  • Tuxá
    Tuxá language
    Tuxá was the eastern Brazilian language of the Tuxá people, who now speak Portuguese. The language ceased being spoken in the late 19th century, but in the 1960s a research team found two women that had been expelled from the Tuxa tribe in Bahia who knew some thirty words....

  • Tuxinawa
  • Uamué
  • Umotina
    Umotína language
    Umotína is a recently extinct language of Brazil. It was one of the few languages in the world with linguolabial consonants....

  • Wakoná
    Wakoná language
    Wakoná is an extinct unclassified language of eastern Brazil. The dispersed ethnic population numbered an estimated 500 to 1,000 in 1995....

  • Wasu
    Wasu language
    Wasu is an extinct unclassified language of Brazil. The ethnic population is about 1,500.-References:* Fabre, Alain :...

  • Wiraféd
  • Xakriabá
    Xakriabá language
    Xakriabá is an extinct Ge language formerly spoken in Minas Gerais, Brazil by the Xakriabá people, who today speak Portuguese.The last confirmed native speaker of the language died in 1864....

  • Yabaâna

Colombia

  • Andaqui
  • Anserma
  • Arma
  • Barbacoas
  • Cagua
    Cagua language
    Cagua is an extinct unclassified language of Colombia....

  • Chibcha
    Chibcha language
    Chibcha, also known as Muisca or Mosca, is an extinct Chibchan language of Colombia, formerly spoken by the Muisca people, a complex indigenous civilization of South America and the present-day Colombian region. Scholars believe the Chibcha language arose in South America and then migrated with...

  • Chipiajes
    Chipiajes language
    Chipiajes is an extinct unclassified language of Colombia. The people survive as a Saliba surname; Chipiajes is also a common name among the Guahibo....

  • Coxima
    Coxima language
    Coxima is an extinct unclassified language of Colombia....

  • Coyaima
  • Cumeral
  • Macaguaje
  • Natagaimas
    Natagaimas language
    Natagaimas is an extinct unclassified language of Colombia....

  • Omejes
  • Pijao
    Pijao language
    Pijao is an unclassified indigenous American language that was spoken in the Magdalena River Valley in Colombia until the 1950s....

  • Ponares
  • Runa
  • Tama
    Tama language (Colombia)
    Tama is an extinct indigenous Tucanoan language of Colombia. It was spoken in the regions of Vicente, Orteguaza River and Caquetá Region....

  • Tomedes
  • Totoro
  • Yahuna
  • Rafaelii

Peru

  • Abishira
    Abishira language
    Tequiraca , also known as Abishira *, is a language spoken in Peru. In 1925 there were between 50 and 80 speakers in Puerto Elvira on Lake Vacacocha...

  • Aguano
    Aguano language
    Aguano is a possible extinct language of Peru. It is not listed in Kaufman . Ruhlen says it's the same language as Chamicuro, but Chamicuro speakers say that the Aguano language was not the same as theirs, but rather that the Aguano people spoke Quechua .Alternate spellings are Uguano, Aguanu,...

  • Akano
  • Andoa
  • Atsahuaca
  • Aymara, Classical
  • Aushiri
    Aushiri language
    Aushiri is an extinct Zaparoan language formerly spoken in Peru. It was spoken in the area of the tributaries to the right bank of the Napo River, in the Escuelacocha region....

  • Caxamarca
  • Chavín
  • Chimú
  • Hibito
    Hibito language
    Hibito is an extinct language of Peru. It, together with Cholón, also extinct, constituted the Hibito-Cholon family....

  • Kauki
  • Mochica
    Mochica language
    Mochica is a Chimuan language formerly spoken along the northwest coast of Peru and in an inland village. First documented in 1607, the language was widely spoken in the area during the 17th and early 18th century...

  • Mouchick
  • Nocaman
  • Omurano
    Omurano language
    Omurano is an unclassified extinct language from Peru. It is also known as Humurana, Roamaina, Numurana, Umurano, and Mayna.Tovar linked Omurano to Taushiro ; Kaufman finds the links reasonable, and tentatively proposes a Kandoshi–Omurano–Taushiro language family...

  • Panobo
    Panobo language
    Pánobo or Pano is a recently extinct Panoan language of Peru. Huariapano is sometimes considered a distinct language....

  • Pukara
  • Puquina
    Puquina language
    Puquina is an extinct language once spoken by the ancient Inca in the region surrounding Lake Titicaca and in the north of what is now Chile....

  • Remo
    Remo language
    Remo , also Sakuya or Kukuini , is an extinct Panoan language of Amazonas, Peru....

  • Sickán
  • Sensi
  • Yameo
    Yameo language
    Yameo is an extinct language from Peba–Yaguan language family that was formerly spoken in Peru. It was spoken along the banks of the Amazon River from the Tigre River to the Nanay River.-Sources:...


Venezuela

  • Baniva
  • Baré
    Baré language
    Baré is an Arawakan language, probably extinct, of Venezuela and Brazil. Aikhenvald reports "just a few old speakers left" of Baré proper, and that the Guinau variety was extinct. Ethnologue reports "no known speakers". Kaufman considers Baré proper, Guinau, and extinct Marawá to be distinct...

  • Cumanagoto
  • Maipure
    Maipure language
    Maipure , once spoken along the Ventuari, Sipapo, and Autana rivers and, as a lingua franca, in the Upper Orinoco region, became extinct around the end of the eighteenth century...

  • Paraujano
  • Tamanaku
  • Yavitero
    Yavitero language
    -External links:*...

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