Lipscombite
Encyclopedia
Lipscombite(Fe3+)2(PO4)2(OH)2 is a green gray, olive green, or black. phosphate-based mineral containing iron
, magnesium
, and iron
phosphate
.
Lipscombite is often formed at meteorite impact sites where its crystals are microscopically small, because crystal-forming conditions of pressure and temperature are brief.
In the classification of minerals lipscombite is in the Lipscombite Group, which also also includes zinclipscombite
.
This group is within the Non-silicate, Category 8, Anydrous Phosphates, Lazulite supergroup.
It was named after chemist William Lipscomb
by the mineralogist John W. Gruner who first made it artificially.
While investigating the stability relations of iron oxides
small, black, shiny crystals were obtained when a spherical iron pressure-temperature vessel was contaminated with phosphorus
.
The x-ray powder diffraction
pattern was similar to lazulite
, but unknown.
Gruner, a mineralogist at the University of Minnesota, gave Lipscomb, a chemistry professor there, the crystals for Lewis Katz and Lipscomb to determine the atomic structure using single-crystal x-ray diffraction
. They initially called the mineral Iron Lazulite.
Iron
Iron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe and atomic number 26. It is a metal in the first transition series. It is the most common element forming the planet Earth as a whole, forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. It is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust...
, magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium is a chemical element with the symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and common oxidation number +2. It is an alkaline earth metal and the eighth most abundant element in the Earth's crust and ninth in the known universe as a whole...
, and iron
Iron
Iron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe and atomic number 26. It is a metal in the first transition series. It is the most common element forming the planet Earth as a whole, forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. It is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust...
phosphate
Phosphate
A phosphate, an inorganic chemical, is a salt of phosphoric acid. In organic chemistry, a phosphate, or organophosphate, is an ester of phosphoric acid. Organic phosphates are important in biochemistry and biogeochemistry or ecology. Inorganic phosphates are mined to obtain phosphorus for use in...
.
Lipscombite is often formed at meteorite impact sites where its crystals are microscopically small, because crystal-forming conditions of pressure and temperature are brief.
In the classification of minerals lipscombite is in the Lipscombite Group, which also also includes zinclipscombite
Zinclipscombite
Zinclipscombite Zn222 is a dark green to brown, phosphate-based mineral containing zinc and iron phosphate.In the classification of minerals zinclipscombite is in the Lipscombite Group, which also also includes lipscombite....
.
This group is within the Non-silicate, Category 8, Anydrous Phosphates, Lazulite supergroup.
Discovery
The mineral lipscombite was first made artificially and then found in nature.It was named after chemist William Lipscomb
William Lipscomb
William Nunn Lipscomb, Jr. was a Nobel Prize-winning American inorganic and organic chemist working in nuclear magnetic resonance, theoretical chemistry, boron chemistry, and biochemistry.-Overview:...
by the mineralogist John W. Gruner who first made it artificially.
While investigating the stability relations of iron oxides
small, black, shiny crystals were obtained when a spherical iron pressure-temperature vessel was contaminated with phosphorus
Phosphorus
Phosphorus is the chemical element that has the symbol P and atomic number 15. A multivalent nonmetal of the nitrogen group, phosphorus as a mineral is almost always present in its maximally oxidized state, as inorganic phosphate rocks...
.
The x-ray powder diffraction
Powder diffraction
Powder diffraction is a scientific technique using X-ray, neutron, or electron diffraction on powder or microcrystalline samples for structural characterization of materials.-Explanation:...
pattern was similar to lazulite
Lazulite
Lazulite is a blue, phosphate-based mineral containing magnesium, iron, and aluminium phosphate. Lazulite forms one endmember of a solid solution series with the darker iron rich scorzalite....
, but unknown.
Gruner, a mineralogist at the University of Minnesota, gave Lipscomb, a chemistry professor there, the crystals for Lewis Katz and Lipscomb to determine the atomic structure using single-crystal x-ray diffraction
X-ray crystallography
X-ray crystallography is a method of determining the arrangement of atoms within a crystal, in which a beam of X-rays strikes a crystal and causes the beam of light to spread into many specific directions. From the angles and intensities of these diffracted beams, a crystallographer can produce a...
. They initially called the mineral Iron Lazulite.