Leutwil
Encyclopedia
Leutwil is a municipality
in the district of Kulm
in the canton
of Aargau
in Switzerland
.
in the village in the late 13th and 14th Century was held by the Habsburgs. The rights to low justice was held by the lords of Trostburg, and later those of Reinach and Hallwyl. Between 1415 and 1798 the municipality belonged to the city of Bern as part of the bailiwick
of Lenzburg.
The village church was first mentioned in 1273. In the 13th Century, the first fresco
es were painted in the church. Additional paintings were added during two periods in the 14th and 15th Centuries. In 1528, the Protestant Reformation
entered the village, and the church transitioned to the new religion. In 1616, the Leutwil-Dürrenäsch
parish
was founded.
There are two monuments that remember the plague
epidemic that hit the village in 1629.
In the 18th and 19th Century cotton processing and agriculture provided most of the income to the village. Then, from the late 19th Century until 1990, the major economic activity was the cigar industry. The municipality has bus links to Boniswil
, Seengen
, Dürrenäsch and Teufenthal
.
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 7.2% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.9%. 37.1% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.6% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 28.3% is used for growing crops and 17.3% is pastures, while 5.1% is used for orchards or vine crops.
The municipality is located in the Kulm district, on a northern spur of the Reinacher Homberg mountain. It consists of the village of Leutwil and the hamlets
of Wampfle. While the rest of the municipality is in the Seetal (See river valley), Wampfle is the in the Wynental
(Wyna river valley).
The age distribution, , in Leutwil is; 77 children or 10.5% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 100 teenagers or 13.6% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 62 people or 8.4% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 114 people or 15.5% are between 30 and 39, 135 people or 18.4% are between 40 and 49, and 96 people or 13.1% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 77 people or 10.5% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 52 people or 7.1% are between 70 and 79, there are 20 people or 2.7% who are between 80 and 89,and there are 2 people or 0.3% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.56 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.57 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 70% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 11 homes with 1 or 2 persons in the household, 123 homes with 3 or 4 persons in the household, and 109 homes with 5 or more persons in the household. The average number of people per household was 2.59 individuals. , there were 253 private households (homes and apartments) in the municipality, and an average of 2.6 persons per household. there were 159 single family homes (or 52.5% of the total) out of a total of 303 homes and apartments. There were a total of 3 empty apartments for a 1.0% vacancy rate. , the construction rate of new housing units was 4.2 new units per 1000 residents.
In the 2007 federal election
the most popular party was the SVP
which received 55.4% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP
(12.9%), the SP
(9.4%) and the CSP
(7.1%).
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Leutwil about 74.1% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule
). Of the school age population , there are 56 students attending primary school in the municipality.
The historical population is given in the following table:
.
there were 317 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 251 or about 79.2% of the residents worked outside Leutwil while 95 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 161 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 10.1% used public transportation to get to work, and 57.9% used a private car.
.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the district of Kulm
Kulm (district)
Kulm District is a district in the canton of Aargau, Switzerland. It is located west of Lake Hallwil and covers parts of the Wyna and Suhre valleys. The principal town is Unterkulm; the largest municipality is Reinach. The district contains 17 municipalities, is 101.35 km² in area and has a...
in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Aargau
Aargau
Aargau is one of the more northerly cantons of Switzerland. It comprises the lower course of the river Aare, which is why the canton is called Aar-gau .-History:...
in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
History
Leutwil is first mentioned in 1273 as Lutwile. The rights to high justiceHigh, middle and low justice
High, middle and low justices are notions dating from Western feudalism to indicate descending degrees of judiciary power to administer justice by the maximal punishment the holders could inflict upon their subjects and other dependents....
in the village in the late 13th and 14th Century was held by the Habsburgs. The rights to low justice was held by the lords of Trostburg, and later those of Reinach and Hallwyl. Between 1415 and 1798 the municipality belonged to the city of Bern as part of the bailiwick
Bailiwick
A bailiwick is usually the area of jurisdiction of a bailiff, and may also apply to a territory in which the sheriff's functions were exercised by a privately appointed bailiff under a royal or imperial writ. The word is now more generally used in a metaphorical sense, to indicate a sphere of...
of Lenzburg.
The village church was first mentioned in 1273. In the 13th Century, the first fresco
Fresco
Fresco is any of several related mural painting types, executed on plaster on walls or ceilings. The word fresco comes from the Greek word affresca which derives from the Latin word for "fresh". Frescoes first developed in the ancient world and continued to be popular through the Renaissance...
es were painted in the church. Additional paintings were added during two periods in the 14th and 15th Centuries. In 1528, the Protestant Reformation
Protestant Reformation
The Protestant Reformation was a 16th-century split within Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther, John Calvin and other early Protestants. The efforts of the self-described "reformers", who objected to the doctrines, rituals and ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Catholic Church, led...
entered the village, and the church transitioned to the new religion. In 1616, the Leutwil-Dürrenäsch
Dürrenäsch
Dürrenäsch is a municipality in the district of Kulm in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.-History:While Dürrenäsch is first mentioned in 924 as Aske inferior, there are traces of earlier, nearby settlements. Several, individual Hallstatt era items were found on the castle hill...
parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
was founded.
There are two monuments that remember the plague
Black Death
The Black Death was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, peaking in Europe between 1348 and 1350. Of several competing theories, the dominant explanation for the Black Death is the plague theory, which attributes the outbreak to the bacterium Yersinia pestis. Thought to have...
epidemic that hit the village in 1629.
In the 18th and 19th Century cotton processing and agriculture provided most of the income to the village. Then, from the late 19th Century until 1990, the major economic activity was the cigar industry. The municipality has bus links to Boniswil
Boniswil
Boniswil is a municipality in the district of Lenzburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.-History:Boniswil is first mentioned around 1217-22 as Bonoltswile. The village was ruled by the Counts of Lenzburg, then the counts of Kyburg and then the Habsburgs and finally in 1415 the city of Bern...
, Seengen
Seengen
Seengen is a municipality in the district of Lenzburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.-Geography:Seengen has an area, , of . Of this area, or 51.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 32.3% is forested...
, Dürrenäsch and Teufenthal
Teufenthal
Teufenthal is a municipality in the district of Kulm in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.-Geography:The street lies in the lower part of a tight, three-kilometer long side of Wyna, in an easterly direction to the plateau of Dürrenäsch. It is bounded to the north by the foothills of the Surberg...
.
Geography
Leutwil has an area, , of 3.75 square kilometres (1.4 sq mi). Of this area, 1.9 square kilometre (0.733594101325817 sq mi) or 50.7% is used for agricultural purposes, while 1.45 square kilometre (0.559848129959176 sq mi) or 38.7% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.41 square kilometre (0.158301885022939 sq mi) or 10.9% is settled (buildings or roads).Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 7.2% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.9%. 37.1% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.6% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 28.3% is used for growing crops and 17.3% is pastures, while 5.1% is used for orchards or vine crops.
The municipality is located in the Kulm district, on a northern spur of the Reinacher Homberg mountain. It consists of the village of Leutwil and the hamlets
Hamlet (place)
A hamlet is usually a rural settlement which is too small to be considered a village, though sometimes the word is used for a different sort of community. Historically, when a hamlet became large enough to justify building a church, it was then classified as a village...
of Wampfle. While the rest of the municipality is in the Seetal (See river valley), Wampfle is the in the Wynental
Wynental
The Wynental is the Wyna River valley mostly in Canton Aargau, but also Canton Lucerne, Switzerland. Municipalities found in the Wynental include Beinwil am See, Beromünster, Burg, Gontenschwil, Leimbach, Menziken, Neudorf, Oberkulm, Pfeffikon, Reinach, Teufenthal, Unterkulm, and Zetzwil.The...
(Wyna river valley).
Demographics
Leutwil has a population of , 8.5% of the population are foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 12.8%. Most of the population speaks German (96.7%), with English being second most common ( 1.1%) and Spanish being third ( 0.5%).The age distribution, , in Leutwil is; 77 children or 10.5% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 100 teenagers or 13.6% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 62 people or 8.4% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 114 people or 15.5% are between 30 and 39, 135 people or 18.4% are between 40 and 49, and 96 people or 13.1% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 77 people or 10.5% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 52 people or 7.1% are between 70 and 79, there are 20 people or 2.7% who are between 80 and 89,and there are 2 people or 0.3% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.56 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.57 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 70% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 11 homes with 1 or 2 persons in the household, 123 homes with 3 or 4 persons in the household, and 109 homes with 5 or more persons in the household. The average number of people per household was 2.59 individuals. , there were 253 private households (homes and apartments) in the municipality, and an average of 2.6 persons per household. there were 159 single family homes (or 52.5% of the total) out of a total of 303 homes and apartments. There were a total of 3 empty apartments for a 1.0% vacancy rate. , the construction rate of new housing units was 4.2 new units per 1000 residents.
In the 2007 federal election
Swiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...
which received 55.4% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP
Free Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Free Democratic Party was a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It was one of the major parties in Switzerland until its merger with the smaller classical liberal Liberal Party, to form FDP.The Liberals on 1 January 2009....
(12.9%), the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(9.4%) and the CSP
Christian Social Party (Switzerland)
The Christian Social Party is a political party in Switzerland. The CSP is more social democratic than the CVP. With the moderate Christian left as its background, the CSP commits itself to social democratic and environmentalist political solutions...
(7.1%).
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Leutwil about 74.1% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule
Fachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
). Of the school age population , there are 56 students attending primary school in the municipality.
The historical population is given in the following table:
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1653 | 225 |
| 1850 | 790 |
| 1900 | 599 |
| 1950 | 533 |
| 2000 | 662 |
Heritage sites of national significance
The Baumann farm house at Zopfweg 2 is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significanceSwiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance
The Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance is a register of some 8,300 items of cultural property in Switzerland...
.
Economy
, Leutwil had an unemployment rate of 1%. , there were 43 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 15 businesses involved in this sector. 108 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 9 businesses in this sector. 48 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 16 businesses in this sector.there were 317 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 251 or about 79.2% of the residents worked outside Leutwil while 95 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 161 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 10.1% used public transportation to get to work, and 57.9% used a private car.
Religion
From the , 91 or 13.7% were Roman Catholic, while 479 or 72.4% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
.