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Kochanek-Bartels spline

 

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Kochanek-Bartels spline



 
 
In mathematics
Mathematics

Mathematics is the study of quantity, structure, space, change, and related topics of pattern and form. Mathematicians seek out patterns whether found in numbers, space, natural science, computers, imaginary abstractions, or elsewhere....
, a Kochanek-Bartels spline or Kochanek-Bartels curve is a cubic Hermite spline
Cubic Hermite spline

In the mathematics subfield of numerical analysis a cubic Hermite spline , named in honor of Charles Hermite, is a third-degree spline with each polynomial of the spline in Hermite form....
 with tension, bias, and continuity parameters defined to change the behavior of the tangent
Tangent

In geometry, the tangent line to a curve at a given Point is the straight line that "just touches" the curve at that point . As it passes through the point of tangency, the tangent line is "going in the same direction" as the curve, and in this sense it is the best straight-line approximation to the curve at that point....
s.

Given n + 1 knots
Spline (mathematics)

In mathematics, a spline is a special Function defined piecewise by polynomials.In interpolation problems, spline interpolation is often preferred to polynomial interpolation because it yields similar results, even when using low degree polynomials, while avoiding Runge's phenomenon for higher degrees....
,

p0, ..., pn,


to be interpolated with n cubic Hermite curve segments, for each curve we have a starting point pi and an ending point pi+1 with starting tangent di and ending tangent si+1 defined by


where t is the tension, b is the bias, and c is the continuity parameter.

The tension parameter, t, changes the length of the tangent vector.






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In mathematics
Mathematics

Mathematics is the study of quantity, structure, space, change, and related topics of pattern and form. Mathematicians seek out patterns whether found in numbers, space, natural science, computers, imaginary abstractions, or elsewhere....
, a Kochanek-Bartels spline or Kochanek-Bartels curve is a cubic Hermite spline
Cubic Hermite spline

In the mathematics subfield of numerical analysis a cubic Hermite spline , named in honor of Charles Hermite, is a third-degree spline with each polynomial of the spline in Hermite form....
 with tension, bias, and continuity parameters defined to change the behavior of the tangent
Tangent

In geometry, the tangent line to a curve at a given Point is the straight line that "just touches" the curve at that point . As it passes through the point of tangency, the tangent line is "going in the same direction" as the curve, and in this sense it is the best straight-line approximation to the curve at that point....
s.

Given n + 1 knots
Spline (mathematics)

In mathematics, a spline is a special Function defined piecewise by polynomials.In interpolation problems, spline interpolation is often preferred to polynomial interpolation because it yields similar results, even when using low degree polynomials, while avoiding Runge's phenomenon for higher degrees....
,

p0, ..., pn,


to be interpolated with n cubic Hermite curve segments, for each curve we have a starting point pi and an ending point pi+1 with starting tangent di and ending tangent si+1 defined by


where t is the tension, b is the bias, and c is the continuity parameter.

The tension parameter, t, changes the length of the tangent vector. The bias parameter, b, primarily changes the direction of the tangent vector. The continuity parameter, c, changes the sharpness in change between tangents.

Setting each parameter to zero would give a Catmull-Rom spline.

The of Steve Noskowicz in 1996 actually describes the impact that each of these values has on the drawn curve:
TensionT = +1-->TightT = −1--> Round
BiasB = +1-->Post ShootB = −1--> Pre shoot
ContinuityC = +1-->Inverted cornersC = −1--> Box corners
The code includes matrix summary needed to actually generate these splines in a BASIC
BASIC

In computer programming, BASIC is a family of high-level programming languages. The Dartmouth BASIC was designed in 1964 by John George Kemeny and Thomas Eugene Kurtz at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire, United States to provide computer access to non-science students....
 dialect. Actually it is Microsoft Quick Basic v1.0 for the Mac (Steve.N).