Prince
Kazimierz Nestor Sapieha (1757–1798) was a
PolishPoland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe . Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
-
LithuaniaLithuania , officially the Republic of Lithuania is a country in Northern Europe, the southernmost of the three Baltic states. Situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, it shares borders with Latvia to the north, Belarus to the southeast, Poland, and the Russian exclave of...
n noble (szlachcic).
Kazimierz Sapieha was educated at the Knight School in
WarsawWarsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River roughly from both the Baltic Sea coast and the Carpathian Mountains. Its population as of 2009 was estimated at 1,709,781, and the Warsaw metropolitan area at approximately 2,785,000...
from 1767 until 1791, and served as Artillery General of Lithuania, from 1773 to 1793. As Deputy from Brzesc Litewski, he participated in the Four-Year Sejm in Warsaw, and became Sejm Marshal from October 6, 1788, until May 29, 1792, and Marshal of the Lithuanian
ConfederationA confederation is an association of sovereign member states, that by treaty have delegated certain of their competences to common institutions, in order to coordinate their policies in a number of areas, without however constituting a new state on top of the member states...
.
An early supporter of the
magnateMagnate, from the Late Latin magnas, a great man, itself from Latin magnus 'great', designates a noble or other man in a high social position, by birth, wealth or other qualities...
opposition to any liberalization (his uncle
HetmanHetman was the title of the second highest military commander used in 15th to 18th century Poland, Ukraine and Grand Duchy of Lithuania, known from 1569 to 1795 as the Rzeczpospolita....
Franciszek Ksawery BranickiCount Franciszek Ksawery Branicki was a Polish nobleman, magnate and one of the leaders of the Targowica Confederation.Great Crown Podstoli in 1764, Ambassador in Berlin in 1765, Master of the Hunt of the Crown in 1766-1773, Artillery General of Lithuania in 1768-1773, Ambassador in Moscow in...
was its leader), Sapieha changed his position under the influence of Stanisław Małachowski, and became a supporter of reforms, and the May 3rd Constitution.
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Prince
Kazimierz Nestor Sapieha (1757–1798) was a
PolishPoland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe . Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
-
LithuaniaLithuania , officially the Republic of Lithuania is a country in Northern Europe, the southernmost of the three Baltic states. Situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, it shares borders with Latvia to the north, Belarus to the southeast, Poland, and the Russian exclave of...
n noble (szlachcic).
Kazimierz Sapieha was educated at the Knight School in
WarsawWarsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River roughly from both the Baltic Sea coast and the Carpathian Mountains. Its population as of 2009 was estimated at 1,709,781, and the Warsaw metropolitan area at approximately 2,785,000...
from 1767 until 1791, and served as Artillery General of Lithuania, from 1773 to 1793. As Deputy from Brzesc Litewski, he participated in the Four-Year Sejm in Warsaw, and became Sejm Marshal from October 6, 1788, until May 29, 1792, and Marshal of the Lithuanian
ConfederationA confederation is an association of sovereign member states, that by treaty have delegated certain of their competences to common institutions, in order to coordinate their policies in a number of areas, without however constituting a new state on top of the member states...
.
An early supporter of the
magnateMagnate, from the Late Latin magnas, a great man, itself from Latin magnus 'great', designates a noble or other man in a high social position, by birth, wealth or other qualities...
opposition to any liberalization (his uncle
HetmanHetman was the title of the second highest military commander used in 15th to 18th century Poland, Ukraine and Grand Duchy of Lithuania, known from 1569 to 1795 as the Rzeczpospolita....
Franciszek Ksawery BranickiCount Franciszek Ksawery Branicki was a Polish nobleman, magnate and one of the leaders of the Targowica Confederation.Great Crown Podstoli in 1764, Ambassador in Berlin in 1765, Master of the Hunt of the Crown in 1766-1773, Artillery General of Lithuania in 1768-1773, Ambassador in Moscow in...
was its leader), Sapieha changed his position under the influence of Stanisław Małachowski, and became a supporter of reforms, and the May 3rd Constitution. He strongly protested, when King Stanisław August Poniatowski joined the
Targowica ConfederationThe Targowica Confederation was a confederation established by Polish and Lithuanian magnates on 27 April 1792, in Saint Petersburg, with the backing of the Russian Empress Catherine II. The confederation opposed the Polish Constitution of May 3, 1791, which had been adopted by the Great Sejm,...
, and this so angered Sapieha, that he decided to leave Poland. After the outbreak of the
Kościuszko UprisingThe Kościuszko Uprising was an uprising against Imperial Russia and the Kingdom of Prussia led by Tadeusz Kościuszko in Poland, Belarus and Lithuania in 1794...
, he returned to his homeland and participated in the rebellion, holding the rank of an Artillery Captain. After the Uprising collapsed, he left Poland again, and spent the rest of his life in
exileExile means to be away from one's home , while either being explicitly refused permission to return and/or being threatened by prison or death upon return...
. He died 1798 in
ViennaVienna is the capital of the Republic of Austria and also one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.7 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre. It is the 10th largest city by...
.
Awards
- Knight of the Order of the White Eagle
The Order of the White Eagle is Poland's highest decoration awarded to both civilians and the military for their merits. It was officially instituted on November 1, 1705 by Augustus II the Strong and bestowed on eight of his supporters, four Polish magnates, three Russian field marshals, amongs...
, awarded on January 1, 1779.