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The Justiciar of Lothian (in Norman-Latin
Medieval Latin

Medieval Latin was the form of Latin used in the Middle Ages, primarily as a medium of scholarly exchange and as the liturgical language of the medieval Roman Catholic Church, but also as a language of science, literature, law, and administration....
, Justiciarus Laudonie) was an important legal office
Legal institutions of Scotland in the High Middle Ages

Scottish legal institutions in the High Middle Ages are, for the purposes of this article, the informal and formal systems which governed and helped to manage Scottish society between the years 900 and 1288, a period roughly corresponding with the general European era usually called the High Middle Ages....
 in the High Medieval
Scotland in the High Middle Ages

The history of Scotland in the High Middle Ages covers Scotland in the era between the death of Donald II of Scotland in 900 AD and the death of king Alexander III of Scotland in 1286, which led indirectly to the Scottish Wars of Independence....
 Kingdom of Scotland
Kingdom of Scotland

The Kingdom of Scotland was a state in North-West Europe which existed from 843 until 1707. It occupied the northern third of the island of Great Britain and shared a Anglo-Scottish border to the south with the Kingdom of England, with which it was united to form the Kingdom of Great Britain, under the terms of the Acts of Union 1707, in 170...
.

The Justiciars of Lothian were responsible for the administration of royal justice in the province of Lothian
Lothian

Lothian forms a traditional region of Scotland, lying between the southern shore of the Firth of Forth and the Lammermuir Hills.In Lothian there is Edinburgh City, West Lothian, Mid Lothian and East Lothian....
, a much larger area than the modern Lothian, covering Scotland
Scotland

conventional_long_name = ScotlandAlba|common_name= Scotland|image_flag = Flag of Scotland.svg|flag_width = 130px...
 south of the Forth
River Forth

The River Forth , 47 km long, is the major river draining the eastern part of the central belt of Scotland.The Forth rises in Loch Ard in the Trossachs, a mountainous area some 30 km west of Stirling....
 and Clyde
River Clyde

The River Clyde is a major river in Scotland. It is the eighth longest river in the United Kingdom, and the third longest in Scotland. Flowing through the major city of Glasgow, it was an important river for shipbuilding and trade in the British Empire....
, outwith Galloway
Galloway

Galloway is an area in southwestern Scotland. It usually refers to the former counties of Wigtownshire and Stewarty of Kirkcudbright . It is part of the Dumfries and Galloway council area of Scotland....
, which had its own Justiciar of Galloway. The institution may date to the reign of King David I
David I of Scotland

David I or Dabhidh Mac Maol Chaluim was a 12th-century ruler who was Prince of the Cumbrians and later List of monarchs of Scotland . The youngest son of Maol Chaluim Mac Donnchaidh and Saint Margaret of Scotland, David spent most of his childhood in Scotland, but was exiled to England temporarily in 1093....
 (died 1153), whose godson
Godson

Loongson is a family of general-purpose Central processing units developed at Institute of Computing Technology , Chinese Academy of Sciences in the People's Republic of China....
 David Olifard was the first attested Justiciar.






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The Justiciar of Lothian (in Norman-Latin
Medieval Latin

Medieval Latin was the form of Latin used in the Middle Ages, primarily as a medium of scholarly exchange and as the liturgical language of the medieval Roman Catholic Church, but also as a language of science, literature, law, and administration....
, Justiciarus Laudonie) was an important legal office
Legal institutions of Scotland in the High Middle Ages

Scottish legal institutions in the High Middle Ages are, for the purposes of this article, the informal and formal systems which governed and helped to manage Scottish society between the years 900 and 1288, a period roughly corresponding with the general European era usually called the High Middle Ages....
 in the High Medieval
Scotland in the High Middle Ages

The history of Scotland in the High Middle Ages covers Scotland in the era between the death of Donald II of Scotland in 900 AD and the death of king Alexander III of Scotland in 1286, which led indirectly to the Scottish Wars of Independence....
 Kingdom of Scotland
Kingdom of Scotland

The Kingdom of Scotland was a state in North-West Europe which existed from 843 until 1707. It occupied the northern third of the island of Great Britain and shared a Anglo-Scottish border to the south with the Kingdom of England, with which it was united to form the Kingdom of Great Britain, under the terms of the Acts of Union 1707, in 170...
.

The Justiciars of Lothian were responsible for the administration of royal justice in the province of Lothian
Lothian

Lothian forms a traditional region of Scotland, lying between the southern shore of the Firth of Forth and the Lammermuir Hills.In Lothian there is Edinburgh City, West Lothian, Mid Lothian and East Lothian....
, a much larger area than the modern Lothian, covering Scotland
Scotland

conventional_long_name = ScotlandAlba|common_name= Scotland|image_flag = Flag of Scotland.svg|flag_width = 130px...
 south of the Forth
River Forth

The River Forth , 47 km long, is the major river draining the eastern part of the central belt of Scotland.The Forth rises in Loch Ard in the Trossachs, a mountainous area some 30 km west of Stirling....
 and Clyde
River Clyde

The River Clyde is a major river in Scotland. It is the eighth longest river in the United Kingdom, and the third longest in Scotland. Flowing through the major city of Glasgow, it was an important river for shipbuilding and trade in the British Empire....
, outwith Galloway
Galloway

Galloway is an area in southwestern Scotland. It usually refers to the former counties of Wigtownshire and Stewarty of Kirkcudbright . It is part of the Dumfries and Galloway council area of Scotland....
, which had its own Justiciar of Galloway. The institution may date to the reign of King David I
David I of Scotland

David I or Dabhidh Mac Maol Chaluim was a 12th-century ruler who was Prince of the Cumbrians and later List of monarchs of Scotland . The youngest son of Maol Chaluim Mac Donnchaidh and Saint Margaret of Scotland, David spent most of his childhood in Scotland, but was exiled to England temporarily in 1093....
 (died 1153), whose godson
Godson

Loongson is a family of general-purpose Central processing units developed at Institute of Computing Technology , Chinese Academy of Sciences in the People's Republic of China....
 David Olifard was the first attested Justiciar. The Justiciars of Lothian, although not magnates of the stature of the typical Justiciar of Scotia
Justiciar of Scotia

The Justiciar of Scotia was the most senior Legal institutions of Scotland in the High Middle Ages in the Scotland in the High Middle Ages Kingdom of Scotland....
, were significant landowners and not creatures of the kings.

List of Justiciars of Lothian, (incomplete)

  • David Olifard (c.1165–c.1170)
  • Robert Avenel, Richard Comyn
    Richard Comyn

    Richard Comyn was a Scottish noble, the son of William Comyn and Maud Bassett.Richard was probably born between 1115 and 1123. In 1144 William Comyn gave him Northallerton Castle, which he had built a few years earlier....
    , Robert de Quinci, Geoffrey de Melville (c.1170xc.1178)
  • Walter Olifard the Elder (c.1178–c.1188)
  • Patrick I, Earl of Dunbar
    Patrick I, Earl of Dunbar

    Patrick I , Earl of Dunbar and lord of Beanley, was a 13th century English people-Gaels noble.He was the eldest son of Waltheof, Earl of Dunbar and Alina, and succeeded to his father's titles upon the latter's death in 1182....
     (d. 1232) (c.1195–c.1205)
  • David de Lindsay the Elder
    David de Lindsay

    David de Lindsay the elder, son of William de Lindsay, was an Anglo-Scottish baron of the early 13th century. He was the son of William de Lindsay, of a family that had migrated to Lothian from Lincolnshire in the 12th century....
     and Gervase Avenel (d. 1219) (c.1206–c.1215?)
  • Alexander, Sheriff of Stirling and Walter Lindsay, Sheriff of Berwick (c.1206–c.1215?)
  • Walter Olifard the Younger (d. 1242) (c.1215–1242)
  • David de Lindsay the Younger
    David de Lindsay of the Byres

    David de Lindsay the elder, also called David Lindsay of the Byres , was a 13th century Scottish knight and crusader. A minor baronial lord of a family of English origin, he was the son of David de Lindsay and held lands in East Lothian....
     (c. 1241–1249x1251)
  • David Graham, deputy (1248, 1253)
  • Alan Durward, Knt.(1250),
  • Thomas de Normanville (c.1251–1253x1255)
  • Walter Murray of Bothwell (1255x1257)
  • Hugh Barclay (1258)
  • Thomas de Normanville and Stephen Fleming (1259)
  • Stephen Fleming (c.1260)
  • Hugh de Berkeley (c1261 - after Feb 1275-6)
  • William de Soules (d. 1292x1293) (c.1279–1292x1293)
  • Geoffrey de Moubray (d. 1300) (1294–1296?)
  • Adam of Gordon and John de Lisle (1305–1306)
  • Sir Robert de Lawedre of The Bass (d. Sept 1337) (bef. Sept 1319 - 1337)


See also

  • Scotland in the High Middle Ages
    Scotland in the High Middle Ages

    The history of Scotland in the High Middle Ages covers Scotland in the era between the death of Donald II of Scotland in 900 AD and the death of king Alexander III of Scotland in 1286, which led indirectly to the Scottish Wars of Independence....
  • Legal institutions of Scotland in the High Middle Ages
    Legal institutions of Scotland in the High Middle Ages

    Scottish legal institutions in the High Middle Ages are, for the purposes of this article, the informal and formal systems which governed and helped to manage Scottish society between the years 900 and 1288, a period roughly corresponding with the general European era usually called the High Middle Ages....