Juan Domingo de Zuñiga y Fonseca
Encyclopedia
Juan Domingo Méndez de Haro y Fernández de Córdoba (Madrid
, November 25, 1640 – Madrid, February 2, 1716) was a Spanish
military and political figure. He was the son of Don Luis Méndez de Haro
, 6th Marquis
of Carpio
, Prime Minister
to King Philip IV of Spain
, and of Doña Catalina Fernández de Córdoba.
He married Doña Inés Francisca de Zúñiga y Fonseca, 6th Countess of Monterrey
, and eldest daughter of Don Fernando de Ayala, third Count
of Ayala. Juan Domingo also used the family names and titles of his wife for himself.
In 1667 Méndez de Haro went to the Spanish Netherlands, where he became Captain General
of the Cavalry in 1669. In 1670 he was appointed Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands and Captain General in the absence of Don John of Austria the Younger
.
In 1671, when war threatened between France and the Netherlands, Spain allied itself to the Netherlands and Méndez de Haro became Spanish supreme commander in the North. He organised defences, fortifying the Spanish fortresses along the French border. This could not prevent Spain and its defences from playing a minor part in the following Franco-Dutch War
(1672-1678).
He was recalled to Spain on February 8, 1675. On May 25 1677 he was named Viceroy of Catalonia, where he was also confronted with a French invasion.
In 1678 he returned to Madrid where he became President of Flanders. He was admitted to the State Council
in 1693. In 1705 under the French king Philip V of Spain
he left the State Council together with the Marquis of Mancera.
In 1710 his wife died without issue and Méndez de Haro decided to dedicate the rest of his life to God and became a Catholic priest.
Madrid
Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 6.271 million. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan...
, November 25, 1640 – Madrid, February 2, 1716) was a Spanish
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
military and political figure. He was the son of Don Luis Méndez de Haro
Luis de Haro
Luis Méndez de Haro, 6th Marquis of Carpio, Grandee of Spain, , , was a Spanish nobleman, political figure and general....
, 6th Marquis
Marquis
Marquis is a French and Scottish title of nobility. The English equivalent is Marquess, while in German, it is Markgraf.It may also refer to:Persons:...
of Carpio
Carpio, Valladolid
Carpio, Valladolid is a village in Valladolid, Castile-Leon, Spain....
, Prime Minister
Prime minister
A prime minister is the most senior minister of cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. In many systems, the prime minister selects and may dismiss other members of the cabinet, and allocates posts to members within the government. In most systems, the prime...
to King Philip IV of Spain
Philip IV of Spain
Philip IV was King of Spain between 1621 and 1665, sovereign of the Spanish Netherlands, and King of Portugal until 1640...
, and of Doña Catalina Fernández de Córdoba.
He married Doña Inés Francisca de Zúñiga y Fonseca, 6th Countess of Monterrey
Monterrei
Monterrei is a municipality in Ourense in the Galicia region of north-west Spain....
, and eldest daughter of Don Fernando de Ayala, third Count
Count
A count or countess is an aristocratic nobleman in European countries. The word count came into English from the French comte, itself from Latin comes—in its accusative comitem—meaning "companion", and later "companion of the emperor, delegate of the emperor". The adjective form of the word is...
of Ayala. Juan Domingo also used the family names and titles of his wife for himself.
In 1667 Méndez de Haro went to the Spanish Netherlands, where he became Captain General
Captain General
Captain general is a high military rank and a gubernatorial title.-History:This term Captain General started to appear in the 14th century, with the meaning of commander in chief of an army in the field, probably the first usage of the term General in military settings...
of the Cavalry in 1669. In 1670 he was appointed Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands and Captain General in the absence of Don John of Austria the Younger
John of Austria the Younger
John of Austria was a Spanish general and political figure. He was the only natural son of Philip IV of Spain to be acknowledged by the King and trained for military command and political administration...
.
In 1671, when war threatened between France and the Netherlands, Spain allied itself to the Netherlands and Méndez de Haro became Spanish supreme commander in the North. He organised defences, fortifying the Spanish fortresses along the French border. This could not prevent Spain and its defences from playing a minor part in the following Franco-Dutch War
Franco-Dutch War
The Franco-Dutch War, often called simply the Dutch War was a war fought by France, Sweden, the Bishopric of Münster, the Archbishopric of Cologne and England against the United Netherlands, which were later joined by the Austrian Habsburg lands, Brandenburg and Spain to form a quadruple alliance...
(1672-1678).
He was recalled to Spain on February 8, 1675. On May 25 1677 he was named Viceroy of Catalonia, where he was also confronted with a French invasion.
In 1678 he returned to Madrid where he became President of Flanders. He was admitted to the State Council
State Council
State Council may refer to:In politics:* State Council of the Soviet Union, was the chief administrative authority of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics...
in 1693. In 1705 under the French king Philip V of Spain
Philip V of Spain
Philip V was King of Spain from 15 November 1700 to 15 January 1724, when he abdicated in favor of his son Louis, and from 6 September 1724, when he assumed the throne again upon his son's death, to his death.Before his reign, Philip occupied an exalted place in the royal family of France as a...
he left the State Council together with the Marquis of Mancera.
In 1710 his wife died without issue and Méndez de Haro decided to dedicate the rest of his life to God and became a Catholic priest.
Source
- Biography (in Spanish)