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John Byrne

 
John Byrne

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John Byrne



 
 
John Lindley Byrne (born July 6 1950) is a British
United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom , the UK or Britain,is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe....
-born Canadian-American
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
 author and artist of comic book
Comic book

A comic book is a magazine or book of narrative artwork and dialog and descriptive prose. The style was introduced in 1934. Despite the term, comic books do not necessarily feature humorous subject-matter; in fact, it is often serious and action-oriented....
s. Since the mid-1970s Byrne has worked on nearly every major American superhero
Superhero

A superhero is a Character "of unprecedented physical prowess dedicated to act of derring-do in the public interest". Since the debut of the prototype superhero Superman in 1938, stories of superheroes?ranging from brief episodic adventures to continuing years-long sagas?have dominated American comic books and crossed over into other mass...
.

Byrne's best-known work has been on Marvel Comics
Marvel Comics

Marvel Comics is an American comic book and related media company owned by Marvel Publishing, Inc., a subsidiary of Marvel Entertainment, Inc. Marvel counts among as its List of Marvel Comics characters such well-known properties as Captain America, the Fantastic Four, the Hulk , Iron Man, Spider-Man, the X-Men, and many others....
X-Men
X-Men

The X-Men are a fictional superhero team in the . In the series, Professor Xavier responds to anti-Mutant prejudice by creating a haven at his Westchester County, New York mansion to train young mutants to use their powers for the benefit of humanity....
 and Fantastic Four
Fantastic Four

The Fantastic Four is a fictional superhero team appearing in comic books published by Marvel Comics. The group debuted in The Fantastic Four #1 , which helped to usher in a new naturalism in the mass media....
 and the 1986 relaunch of DC Comics
DC Comics

DC Comics is one of the largest and most popular American comic book and related media companies, along with Marvel Comics. A subsidiary of Warner Bros....
Superman
Superman

Superman is a Character , a comic book superhero widely considered to be an American cultural icon. Created by American writer Jerry Siegel and Canadian-born artist Joe Shuster in 1932 while both were living in Cleveland, Ohio, Ohio, and sold to DC Comics in 1938, the character first appeared in Action Comics Action Comics 1 and subseque...
 franchise. Coming into the comics profession exclusively as a penciler, Byrne began co-plotting the X-Men comics during his tenure on them, and launched his writing career in earnest with Fantastic Four (where he also started inking his own pencils).






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Quotations


I am GLAD this asshole is dead. Sorry for his wife and kids, but relieved they are in no further danger from his lunacy!

Personal prejudice: Hispanic and Latino (sic) women with blond hair look like hookers to me, no matter how clean or cute they are. Somehow those skin tones that look so good with dark, dark hair just don't work for me with lighter shades.

Um... in point of fact there are plenty of people who use the word nigger because that is the word they use, not because they imagine it has any negative racial connotations. That's precisely why I chose that word as my illustration.






Encyclopedia


John Lindley Byrne (born July 6 1950) is a British
United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom , the UK or Britain,is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe....
-born Canadian-American
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
 author and artist of comic book
Comic book

A comic book is a magazine or book of narrative artwork and dialog and descriptive prose. The style was introduced in 1934. Despite the term, comic books do not necessarily feature humorous subject-matter; in fact, it is often serious and action-oriented....
s. Since the mid-1970s Byrne has worked on nearly every major American superhero
Superhero

A superhero is a Character "of unprecedented physical prowess dedicated to act of derring-do in the public interest". Since the debut of the prototype superhero Superman in 1938, stories of superheroes?ranging from brief episodic adventures to continuing years-long sagas?have dominated American comic books and crossed over into other mass...
.

Byrne's best-known work has been on Marvel Comics
Marvel Comics

Marvel Comics is an American comic book and related media company owned by Marvel Publishing, Inc., a subsidiary of Marvel Entertainment, Inc. Marvel counts among as its List of Marvel Comics characters such well-known properties as Captain America, the Fantastic Four, the Hulk , Iron Man, Spider-Man, the X-Men, and many others....
X-Men
X-Men

The X-Men are a fictional superhero team in the . In the series, Professor Xavier responds to anti-Mutant prejudice by creating a haven at his Westchester County, New York mansion to train young mutants to use their powers for the benefit of humanity....
 and Fantastic Four
Fantastic Four

The Fantastic Four is a fictional superhero team appearing in comic books published by Marvel Comics. The group debuted in The Fantastic Four #1 , which helped to usher in a new naturalism in the mass media....
 and the 1986 relaunch of DC Comics
DC Comics

DC Comics is one of the largest and most popular American comic book and related media companies, along with Marvel Comics. A subsidiary of Warner Bros....
Superman
Superman

Superman is a Character , a comic book superhero widely considered to be an American cultural icon. Created by American writer Jerry Siegel and Canadian-born artist Joe Shuster in 1932 while both were living in Cleveland, Ohio, Ohio, and sold to DC Comics in 1938, the character first appeared in Action Comics Action Comics 1 and subseque...
 franchise. Coming into the comics profession exclusively as a penciler, Byrne began co-plotting the X-Men comics during his tenure on them, and launched his writing career in earnest with Fantastic Four (where he also started inking his own pencils). During the 1990s he produced a number of creator-owned
Creator ownership

Creator ownership is an arrangement in which the creator or creators of a work of fiction retain full ownership of the material, regardless of whether it is self-publishing or by a corporate publisher....
 works, including Next Men
Next Men

John Byrne?s Next Men is a comic book series written and drawn by John Byrne. It ran 31 issues plus a standalone prequel 2112. The series was published between 1991 and 1995 by Dark Horse Comics....
 and Danger Unlimited
Danger Unlimited

Danger Unlimited is a comic book series written and drawn by John Byrne. It ran only four issues, with print publication dates of March to June 1994....
. He also wrote the first issues of Mike Mignola's successful Hellboy
Hellboy

Hellboy is a fictional character, created by writer-artist Mike Mignola. He has appeared in a number of eponymous limited series and one-shot , as well as some intercompany crossover....
 series. More recently he has produced a number of Star Trek
Star Trek

Star Trek is an American Science fiction on television entertainment series and media franchise. The Star Trek fictional universe created by Gene Roddenberry is the setting of six television series including the original 1966 Star Trek: The Original Series, in addition to ten feature films with Star Trek to be released on May 8,...
 comics for IDW Publishing.

He is sometimes considered a controversial figure due to opinions he has expressed regarding his experiences within the comics industry.

Biography


Early life and career

Byrne was born in West Bromwich
West Bromwich

West Bromwich is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell, in the West Midlands , England. It is north west of Birmingham lying on the A41 road London-to-Birkenhead road....
, West Midlands
West Midlands (county)

The West Midlands is a metropolitan county in West Midlands England with a population of 2,591,300. It came into existence as a metropolitan county in 1974 after the passage of the Local Government Act 1972....
, England
England

native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
 where along with his parents (Frank and Nelsie) he lived with his maternal grandmother. While living there, he was first exposed to the American
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
 superhero
Superhero

A superhero is a Character "of unprecedented physical prowess dedicated to act of derring-do in the public interest". Since the debut of the prototype superhero Superman in 1938, stories of superheroes?ranging from brief episodic adventures to continuing years-long sagas?have dominated American comic books and crossed over into other mass...
es that would dominate his professional life through reruns of American programs such as The Adventures of Superman
Adventures of Superman (TV series)

Adventures of Superman is an United States of America television series based on comic book characters and concepts created in 1938 by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster....
. In Britain, he was able to read domestic comics such as Eagle
Eagle (comic)

The Eagle was a United Kingdom weekly British comics, which ran in two main incarnations over the period of 1950 in comics to 1994 in comics ....
 as well as reprints of DC Comics
DC Comics

DC Comics is one of the largest and most popular American comic book and related media companies, along with Marvel Comics. A subsidiary of Warner Bros....
. When he was eight years old he left England
England

native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
 with his parents and moved to Canada
Canada

Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean....
. According to Byrne himself, he was not an academically gifted student.

His first encounter with Marvel Comics
Marvel Comics

Marvel Comics is an American comic book and related media company owned by Marvel Publishing, Inc., a subsidiary of Marvel Entertainment, Inc. Marvel counts among as its List of Marvel Comics characters such well-known properties as Captain America, the Fantastic Four, the Hulk , Iron Man, Spider-Man, the X-Men, and many others....
 was in 1962 with Stan Lee
Stan Lee

Stan Lee is an United States comic book writer, editor, and the former president and chairman of Marvel Comics.Lee is considered the father of comic books....
 and Jack Kirby
Jack Kirby

Jacob Kurtzberg , better known by the pen name Jack Kirby, was an American comic book artist, writer and editing. Growing up poor in New York City, Kurtzberg entered the nascent comics industry in the 1930s....
’s Fantastic Four
Fantastic Four

The Fantastic Four is a fictional superhero team appearing in comic books published by Marvel Comics. The group debuted in The Fantastic Four #1 , which helped to usher in a new naturalism in the mass media....
 #5. He later commented that "the book had an 'edge' like nothing DC was putting out at the time". Jack Kirby’s work in particular had a strong influence on Byrne and he has worked with many of the characters Kirby created or co-created. Besides Kirby, Byrne was also influenced by the naturalistic
Naturalism (art)

Naturalism in art refers to the depiction of realistic objects in a natural setting. The realism movement of the 19th century advocated naturalism in reaction to the stylized and idealized depictions of subjects in Romanticism, but many painters have adopted a similar approach over the centuries....
 style of Neal Adams
Neal Adams

Neal Adams is an United States comic book and commercial art artist best known helping to create some of the definitive modern imagery of the DC Comics characters Superman, Batman and Green Arrow among others....
.

In 1970, Byrne enrolled at the Alberta College of Art and Design
Alberta College of Art and Design

The Alberta College of Art and Design is located in Calgary on the North Hill overlooking the Bow River and the downtown skyline, in a 245,000 square foot building designed to house the college in 1973....
 in Calgary
Calgary

Calgary is the largest city in the province of Alberta, Canada. It is located in the south of the province, in an area of foothills and High Plains, approximately east of the front ranges of the Canadian Rockies....
. He created the superhero parody Gay Guy for the college newspaper, which poked fun at the campus stereotype of homosexuality
Homosexuality

Homosexuality refers to human sexual behavior or same-sex attraction between people of the same sex or to homosexual orientation. As a sexual orientation, homosexuality refers to "having sexual and romantic attraction primarily or exclusively to members of one?s own sex"; "it also refers to an individual?s sense of personal and social identi...
 among art students. Gay Guy is also notable for featuring a prototype of the Alpha Flight
Alpha Flight

Alpha Flight is a fictional group, a Marvel Comics superhero team noteworthy for being one of the few Canada superhero teams. Created by John Byrne, the team first appeared in Uncanny X-Men #120 ....
 character Snowbird
Snowbird (comics)

Snowbird is a fictional character who appeared in Marvel Comics' series Alpha Flight. She First appearance in Uncanny X-Men #120, and was created by John Byrne....
. While there, he also published his first comic book, ACA Comix #1, featuring "The Death’s Head Knight".

Byrne left the college in 1973 without graduating. He broke into comics illustrating a two-page story by writer Al Hewetson for Skywald Publications
Skywald Publications

Skywald Publications is a 1970s publisher of black-and-white comics magazines, primarily the horror fiction anthologies Nightmare, Psycho, and Scream....
’ black-and-white horror magazine
Magazine

for quarterly in Heraldry see Quartering Magazines, periodicals, glossies or serials are publications, generally published on a regular schedule, containing a variety of Article , generally financed by advertising, by a purchase price, by pre-paid magazine subscription, or all three....
 Nightmare #20 (August 1974). He then began freelancing for Charlton Comics
Charlton Comics

Charlton Comics was an United States comic book publishing company that existed from 1946 to 1986, having begun under a different name in 1944....
, making his color-comics debut with the E-Man
E-Man

E-Man is a fictional character comic book superhero created by writer Nicola Cuti and artist Joe Staton for Charlton Comics in 1973. Though the character's original series was short-lived, the lightly humorous hero has become a Cult following sporadically revived by various independent comics publishers....
 backup feature “Rog-2000
Rog-2000

Rog-2000 is a fictional robot that was the first professional creation of comic book artist-writer John Byrne. Note: Though the character's chestplate reads "ROG 2000", the name is generally spelled the in upper- and lowercase with a hyphen at Byrne's website, Byrne Robotics, where Rog serves as a mascot....
,” starring a robot character he’d created in the mid-1970s that colleagues Roger Stern
Roger Stern

Roger Stern is an American comic book author and novelist....
 and Bob Layton
Bob Layton

Bob Layton is an United States comic book artist, writer, and editor, who has worked for Marvel Comics, Valiant Comics, DC Comics, Future Comics, amongst other smaller publications....
 named and began using for spot illustrations in their fanzine
Fanzine

A fanzine is a nonprofessional publication produced by fan s of a particular cultural phenomenon for the pleasure of others who share their interest....
 CPL (Contemporary Pictorial Literature). A Rog-2000 story written by Stern, with art by Byrne and Layton, had gotten the attention of Charlton Comics editor Nicola Cuti, who extended Byrne an invitation. Written by Cuti, "Rog-2000" became one of several alternating backup features in the Charlton Comics superhero
Superhero

A superhero is a Character "of unprecedented physical prowess dedicated to act of derring-do in the public interest". Since the debut of the prototype superhero Superman in 1938, stories of superheroes?ranging from brief episodic adventures to continuing years-long sagas?have dominated American comic books and crossed over into other mass...
 series E-Man
E-Man

E-Man is a fictional character comic book superhero created by writer Nicola Cuti and artist Joe Staton for Charlton Comics in 1973. Though the character's original series was short-lived, the lightly humorous hero has become a Cult following sporadically revived by various independent comics publishers....
, starting with the eight-page "That Was No Lady" in issue #6 (Jan. 1975).

Byrne went on to work on the Charlton books Wheelie and the Chopper Bunch
Wheelie and the Chopper Bunch

Wheelie and the Chopper Bunch was a 30-minute cartoon produced by Hanna-Barbera which aired for one season on NBC from September 7, 1974 to August 30, 1975....
, Space: 1999
Space: 1999

Space: 1999 is a United Kingdom Science fiction on television series. In the series, nuclear waste from Earth is stored on the moon. The waste explodes in a catastrophic accident on 13 September 1999, which knocks the moon out of its orbit and sends it and the 311 inhabitants of Moonbase Alpha hurtling uncontrollably into outer space....
, and Emergency!
Emergency!

Emergency! is a television series, combining the medical drama and action-adventure genres, that was produced by Mark VII Limited and distributed by Universal Studios....
, and co-created with writer Joe Gill
Joe Gill

Joe Gill was an United States magazine writer and highly prolific comic book scripter. Most of his work was for Charlton Comics, where he co-created the superheroes Captain Atom, Peacemaker , and Judomaster, among others....
 the post-apocalyptic science-fiction series Doomsday + 1
Doomsday + 1

Doomsday + 1 was an United States post-apocalyptic comic-book series published by Charlton Comics in the 1970s.It is best known as the first original, color-comics series by artist John Byrne, who would go on to become a major industry figure....
. Byrne additionally drew a cover for the supernatural
Supernatural

The term supernatural or supranatural pertains to an order of existence beyond the scientifically visible universe. Religious miracles are typically supernatural claims, as are Spell and curses, divination, the belief that there is an afterlife for the dead, and innumerable others....
 anthology
Anthology

An anthology, literally a "garland" or "collection of flowers", is a collection of literary works, originally of poems. In genre fiction and especially science fiction, anthology is used to categorize collections of shorter works such as short story and short novels, usually collected into a single volume for publication....
 The Many Ghosts of Doctor Graves
The Many Ghosts of Doctor Graves

The Many Ghosts of Doctor Graves was an United States supernatural-Comics anthology comic book published by Charlton Comics and best known as a showcase for the popular writer-artist Steve Ditko, the co-creator of Marvel Comics' Spider-Man....
 #54 (Dec. 1975).

Marvel Comics

Byrne’s first story for Marvel Comics
Marvel Comics

Marvel Comics is an American comic book and related media company owned by Marvel Publishing, Inc., a subsidiary of Marvel Entertainment, Inc. Marvel counts among as its List of Marvel Comics characters such well-known properties as Captain America, the Fantastic Four, the Hulk , Iron Man, Spider-Man, the X-Men, and many others....
 was "Dark Asylum" (plotted by Tony Isabella
Tony Isabella

Tony Isabella is an United States comic book writer and commentator, best known as the creator and writer of Marvel Comics' Black Goliath, as well as Black Lightning, DC Comics' first major African American superhero....
 and written by David Anthony Kraft
David Anthony Kraft

David Anthony Kraft, also credited simply as David Kraft, is an American comic book writer, publisher, and critic. He is primarily known for his long-running journal of interviews and criticism, Comics Interview....
), published in Giant-Size Dracula
Dracula (Marvel Comics)

Dracula is a Character , a comic book supervillain in the Marvel Comics Marvel Universe. He is based on Count Dracula from the novel of the Dracula by author Bram Stoker, and is also influenced by Dracula ....
 #5 (June 1975). He began drawing Marvel’s lower-selling titles, including Iron Fist, The Champions, and Marvel Team-Up
Marvel Team-Up

Marvel Team-Up is the name of several USA comic book series published by Marvel Comics. The series featured two or more Marvel fictional character in one story....
. For many issues, he was paired with writer Chris Claremont
Chris Claremont

Chris Claremont is an American comic book writer and novelist, known for his 16-year stint on Uncanny X-Men, during which the series became one of the comic book industry's most successful properties....
, with whom he also teamed up for some issues of the black-and-white Marvel magazine Star-Lord
Star-Lord

Star-Lord is the name of three fictional characters that appear in comics published by Marvel Comics. The first Star-Lord debuted in Marvel Preview #4 and was created by writer Steve Englehart and artist Steve Gan....
 (inked by Terry Austin
Terry Austin (comics)

Terry Austin is an United States comic book artist, working primarily as an inker. He is best known for his work embellishing John Byrne's pencils on The Uncanny X-Men from 1977?1981....
, who soon after teamed up with Claremont and Byrne on X-Men).

The Uncanny X-Men
Byrne joined Claremont beginning with The X-Men #108 (Dec. 1977). Their work together (along with inker Terry Austin
Terry Austin (comics)

Terry Austin is an United States comic book artist, working primarily as an inker. He is best known for his work embellishing John Byrne's pencils on The Uncanny X-Men from 1977?1981....
) would make them both fan favorites, and X-Men became one of the industry’s best-selling titles. Byrne has repeatedly compared his working relationship with Claremont to Gilbert and Sullivan
Gilbert and Sullivan

'Gilbert and Sullivan' refers to the Victorian era partnership of librettist W. S. Gilbert and composer Arthur Sullivan . Together, they wrote fourteen comic operas between 1871 and 1896, of which H.M.S....
, and has said that they were "almost constantly at war over who the characters were". Byrne left the title with issue #143 (Mar. 1981).

The Avengers
During the course of 1979 — while serving as the regular penciler on X-Men — Byrne displayed his prolificness by also taking on penciling duties for The Avengers. Working for the most part with writer David Michelinie
David Michelinie

David Michelinie is an American comic book writer....
, Byrne drew issues #181-191 of the Marvel team title.

Captain America
In the early 1980s, Byrne worked on a number of other Marvel books. His nine-issue run (#247–255, 1980–1981) with writer Roger Stern
Roger Stern

Roger Stern is an American comic book author and novelist....
 on Captain America
Captain America

Captain America is a Character that appears in comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character First appearance in Captain America Comics #1 , from Marvel Comics' 1940s predecessor, Timely Comics, and was created by Joe Simon and Jack Kirby....
 included an issue (#250) in which the Captain was nominated for the U.S. presidency.

Ff232
The Fantastic Four
Byrne’s most important post-X-Men body of work at Marvel was his six-year run on The Fantastic Four (#232-293, 1981-1986), considered by many to be a "second Golden Age" on that title. Byrne said his goal was to "turn the clock back . . . get back and see fresh what it was that made the book great at its inception". He also made a number of significant changes to the title: the Thing
Thing (comics)

The Thing is a fictional character, a founding member of the superhero team known as the Fantastic Four in the Marvel Comics Marvel Universe. He was created by Jack Kirby and Stan Lee in The Fantastic Four #1 ....
 was replaced as a member of the quartet by the She-Hulk
She-Hulk

She-Hulk is a Marvel Comics superhero#superheroinesine. Created by writer Stan Lee and artist John Buscema, she first appeared in Savage She-Hulk #1 ....
, while the Thing had adventures in his own comic (also written by Byrne), and his longtime girlfriend Alicia Masters
Alicia Masters

Alicia Masters is a supporting character to the Marvel Comics superheroes the Fantastic Four and Silver Surfer. Created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby, she appeared in The Fantastic Four #8 ....
 left him for his teammate the Human Torch
Human Torch

The Human Torch is a fictional character and superhero of the Marvel Comics universe. He is a member of the Fantastic Four, making his first appearance in Fantastic Four #1 1961#November....
; the Invisible Girl was developed into the most powerful member with her heightened control of her refined powers and the self-confident assertiveness to use it epitomized by her name change to the Invisible Woman
Invisible Woman

Susan Storm Richards is a fictional character, a Marvel Comics superhero#superheroines created by writer Stan Lee and artist/co-writer Jack Kirby....
; and the Baxter Building
Baxter Building

The Baxter Building is a fictitious 35-story office building in Manhattan whose five upper floors house the Fantastic Four's headquarters in the Marvel Universe....
, their headquarters, was destroyed and replaced with Four Freedoms Plaza
Four Freedoms Plaza

Four Freedoms Plaza is a fictional structure in the Manhattan of the Marvel Universe; it served as the replacement headquarters for the Fantastic Four when their original dwelling, the Baxter Building, was destroyed by Kristoff Vernard, the adoptive son of Doctor Doom....
. Byrne has cited multiple reasons for leaving the book, including “internal office politics” and that "it simply started to get old".

Alpha Flight
In 1983 — while still at the helm of Fantastic Four — Byrne began to write and draw Alpha Flight
Alpha Flight

Alpha Flight is a fictional group, a Marvel Comics superhero team noteworthy for being one of the few Canada superhero teams. Created by John Byrne, the team first appeared in Uncanny X-Men #120 ....
, a Canadian superhero team who were first introduced “merely to survive a fight with the X-Men.” For more than two years, from 1983–1986, Byrne penciled every issue of both titles. Alpha Flight was very popular (its first issue sold 500,000 copies) and its unconventional characters, turbulent storylines (including the death of a main character in issue #12) have been considered by some fans to be among Byrne's most emotionally complex work.

The Incredible Hulk
In 1985, after issue #28 of Alpha Flight, Byrne swapped books with Bill Mantlo
Bill Mantlo

Bill Mantlo is an United States comic-book writer, primarily at Marvel Comics, and an Lawyer, best-known for his work on two licensed toy properties whose adventures occurred in the Marvel Universe: the Eagle Award -winning Micronauts and the long-running Rom ....
, writer of The Incredible Hulk. According to Byrne, he discussed his ideas with editor-in-chief Jim Shooter
Jim Shooter

James Shooter is an United States writer, occasional fill-in artist, editing, and publisher for various comic books....
 ahead of time, but once Byrne was on the book, Shooter objected to them. Byrne only wrote and drew six issues (#314–319) of The Incredible Hulk.

DC


Superman
Near the end of his time at Marvel he was hired by DC Comics to revamp its flagship character Superman
Superman

Superman is a Character , a comic book superhero widely considered to be an American cultural icon. Created by American writer Jerry Siegel and Canadian-born artist Joe Shuster in 1932 while both were living in Cleveland, Ohio, Ohio, and sold to DC Comics in 1938, the character first appeared in Action Comics Action Comics 1 and subseque...
. This was part of a company-wide restructuring of the history of the DC Universe
DC Universe

The DC Universe is the shared universe where most of the comic book stories published by DC Comics take place. The fictional characters Superman, Batman, and Wonder Woman are well-known superheroes from this universe....
 and all of its characters following the miniseries Crisis on Infinite Earths
Crisis on Infinite Earths

Crisis on Infinite Earths is a 12-issue American comic book limited series and Fictional crossover event, produced by DC Comics in 1985 to simplify their then-55-year-old Continuity ....
. Byrne’s reworking of Superman in particular gained widespread media coverage outside the comic book industry, including articles in Time
Time (magazine)

Time is a weekly United States newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and U.S. News & World Report. A European edition is published from London....
 and The New York Times
The New York Times

The New York Times is an American daily newspaper published in New York City. The largest metropolitan newspaper in the United States, "The Gray Lady"?named for its staid appearance and style?is regarded as a national newspaper of record....
.

Mansteel1
At the time, Byrne said, "I’m taking Superman back to the basics ... It's basically Siegel
Jerry Siegel

Jerome "Jerry" Siegel , who also used pseudonyms including Joe Carter, Jerry Ess, and Herbert S. Fine, was the American co-creator of Superman , the first of the great comic book superheroes and one of the most recognizable fictional characters of the 20th century....
 and Shuster
Joe Shuster

Joseph "Joe" Shuster was a Canada-born American comic book artist best known for co-creating the DC Comics fictional character Superman, with writer Jerry Siegel, first published in Action Comics #1 ....
's Superman meets the Fleischer
Max Fleischer

File:MaxFleischerPDUS.JPGMax Fleischer was an important Jewish-American pioneer in the development of the animated cartoon who served as the head of Fleischer Studios....
 Superman in 1986.” Byrne significantly reduced Superman’s powers (though he was still one of the most powerful beings on Earth), eliminated the Fortress of Solitude
Fortress of Solitude

The Fortress of Solitude is the occasional headquarters of Superman in DC Comics. Its predecessor, Superman's "Secret Citadel", first appeared in Superman #17, where it was said to be built into a mountain on the outskirts of Metropolis ....
, Krypto
Krypto

Krypto, also known as Krypto the Superdog, is a fictional character. He is Superman's pet dog in the various Superman comic books published by DC Comics....
, and had his foster parents the Kents still alive while Superman was an adult to enjoy their adopted son’s triumphs as well as to provide him with support, grounding, and advice whenever he needed it.

Byrne also did away with the childhood/teenage career as Superboy
Superboy (Kal-El)

The original Superboy is a fictional superhero who appears in DC Comics. A younger version of Superman, Superboy has adventures that occur in the relative past to those of Superman and take place predominantly in his hometown of Smallville ....
; in Byrne’s revamped history, Clark Kent does not put on a costume and become a super-hero until he's an adult. Byrne has since admitted this was a mistake, since it completely gutted the basic premise of the Legion of Super-Heroes
Legion of Super-Heroes

The Legion of Super-Heroes is a fictional superhero team in the 30th and 31st centuries of the . The team first appears in Adventure Comics #247 , and was created by Otto Binder and Al Plastino....
, a team of super-powered teenagers existing a thousand years in the future, who were inspired by Superboy.

In the Superman mythos, Byrne wrote Clark Kent as having a more aggressive and extroverted personality than previously depicted, even making him a top high-school football player. Byrne also did his part to come up with explanations for how Superman’s disguise works, such as the public simply does not realize that he has a secret identity since he is unmasked, that Superman would vibrate his face via his super speed in order to blur his image to photographers, and having Kent keep a weight training set around to explain how the human and presumably weaker Kent could have a frame as massive as Superman’s. Byrne’s Superman felt that his deepest roots were on Earth, and that his home planet of "Krypton is anathema to him".

Byrne's version of Superman debuted in the six-issue miniseries The Man of Steel, which described his origin and early career. Byrne wrote and drew two monthly Superman titles with the hero’s present-day adventures: a new Superman
Superman (comic book)

Superman is a comic book published by DC Comics. The character Superman began as one of several anthology features in the National Periodical Publications comic book Action Comics Action Comics 1 ....
 title beginning with issue #1 (January 1987) and Action Comics
Action Comics

Action Comics is an USA comic book series which first appearance Superman, the first major superhero character as the term is popularly defined....
, in which, beginning with issue #584, Superman teamed up with another hero or group. The original Superman book was renamed Adventures of Superman starting with issue #424 and was initially written by Marv Wolfman
Marv Wolfman

Marvin A. "Marv" Wolfman is an award-winning United States comic book writer. He is best known for lengthy runs on The Tomb of Dracula, creating Blade for Marvel Comics, and Titans for DC Comics....
 and drawn by Jerry Ordway
Jerry Ordway

Jerry Ordway is an United States writer, penciller, inker and Painting of comic books.He is best known for his work on DC Comics All-Star Squadron, Infinity Inc., Crisis on Infinite Earths, Adventures of Superman , Superman, The Incredible Hulk, Zero Hour , Wonder Woman, Tom Strong, Infinite Crisis,...
, but the writing chores were taken over by Byrne after a year (from issues #436–442, and 444). As 1988 marked the 50th anniversary year of Superman’s creation, Byrne managed to do more Superman-related projects while working on the core Superman monthly titles at the same time: he wrote the prestige format
Prestige format

Prestige format is a term coined by DC Comics but now in wider use to refer to a square-bound comic book with cardstock covers. A prestige format comic book is usually longer than a normal, stapled 32-page comic ....
 graphic novel
Graphic novel

A graphic novel is a type of comic book, usually with a lengthy and complex storyline similar to those of novels. The term also encompasses comic short story anthologies, and in some cases bound collections of previously published comic book series ....
, Superman: The Earth Stealers, while also writing three separate four-issue mini-series: The World of Krypton, The World of Metropolis, and The World of Smallville. He also supplied the cover art for a Time
Time (magazine)

Time is a weekly United States newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and U.S. News & World Report. A European edition is published from London....
 magazine cover and interior spread which featured Superman, where his pencils were inked by Jerry Ordway
Jerry Ordway

Jerry Ordway is an United States writer, penciller, inker and Painting of comic books.He is best known for his work on DC Comics All-Star Squadron, Infinity Inc., Crisis on Infinite Earths, Adventures of Superman , Superman, The Incredible Hulk, Zero Hour , Wonder Woman, Tom Strong, Infinite Crisis,...
. Around this time while working on the Superman titles, Byrne also penciled the 6-issue DC Universe
DC Universe

The DC Universe is the shared universe where most of the comic book stories published by DC Comics take place. The fictional characters Superman, Batman, and Wonder Woman are well-known superheroes from this universe....
 crossover mini-series Legends
Legends (comics)

Legends was a six-issue comic book limited series published in 1986 in comics and 1987 in comics by DC Comics, which had plot threads running through several other DC comic titles, Fictional crossover into them ....
 in 1986-1987.

Byrne spent about two years on the Superman titles before leaving. He cited the lack of "conscious support" for his work from DC Comics and the fact that the version of Superman that the company licensed for merchandise was different from his version in the comic books as the reasons for his dissatisfaction.

Return to Marvel

In 1986, Marvel began publication of a new line of superhero titles created by then-Editor-in-Chief Jim Shooter
Jim Shooter

James Shooter is an United States writer, occasional fill-in artist, editing, and publisher for various comic books....
, which took place in a continuum removed from the Marvel Universe proper, called the New Universe
New Universe

The New Universe is a comic book imprint from Marvel Comics that was published in its original incarnation from 1986 to 1989. It was created by Jim Shooter, Archie Goodwin , Eliot R....
.

The Star Brand
In 1987, the New Universe line saw a revamp under new Editor-in-Chief Tom DeFalco
Tom DeFalco

Tom DeFalco is an United States comic book writer and editor, well-known for his association with Marvel Comics and Spider-Man.Biography...
, and Byrne took over writing and art-breakdowns on the line's flagship title, Star Brand
Star Brand

The Star Brand is the name of a number of similar fictional comic book objects of power all of which exist in the Multiverse created by the shared universes of Marvel Comics....
 (renamed The Star Brand during Byrne’s term on the book). Byrne’s run started with issue #11 and continued until the series' cancellation eight issues later upon Marvel's discontinuation of the New Universe line.

Avengers West Coast
In 1989, after leaving Superman, Byrne returned to work on a number of titles for Marvel Comics. His work on West Coast Avengers
West Coast Avengers

The West Coast Avengers is a fictional group of superheroes that appear in publications published by Marvel Comics. The team first appear in The West Coast Avengers #1 and was created by Roger Stern and Bob Hall....
 (issues 42–57, soon renamed Avengers West Coast) was contingent on his being allowed to do what he called “my Vision story.” The Vision
Vision (Marvel Comics)

The Vision is the name of three fictional characters that appear in comic books published by Marvel Comics.Vision was created by the writer-artist team of Joe Simon and Jack Kirby in Marvel Mystery Comics #13 , published by Marvel predecessor Timely Comics during the 1930s-1940s period fans and historians call the Golden Age of Comic B...
 was a long standing Marvel superhero and member of The Avengers
Avengers (comics)

The Avengers is a team of fictional characters superhero characters in comic books published by Marvel Comics. Originally created using preexisting Marvel characters, variously created by writer-editor Stan Lee, artist and co-plotter Jack Kirby and others, the team first appearance in The Avengers #1 ....
, an android
Android

An android is a robot designed to look and act human. The word derives from a?d???, the genitive of the Greek language a??? aner, meaning "man", and the suffix -eides, used to mean "of the species; alike" ....
 originally created by the villain Ultron
Ultron

Ultron is a fictional character that appears in comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character first appeared in Avengers #54 , and was created by writer Roy Thomas and artist John Buscema....
 constructed with the body of the original Human Torch
Human Torch (Golden Age)

The Human Torch is a fictional character, a Marvel Comics-owned superhero. Created by writer-artist Carl Burgos, he first appearance in Marvel Mystery Comics #1 ...
. The Vision went on to join the team, marry his teammate the Scarlet Witch
Scarlet Witch

The Scarlet Witch is a fictional character that appears in comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character first appears in Uncanny X-Men #4 and was created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby....
, and father two children by her. Byrne radically changed this, revealing that Ultron lied about the Vision’s creation. The android Human Torch was found and joined the WCA. The Vision was disassembled and stripped of his emotions. The couple’s twins were revealed to be pieces of the soul of the demon Master Pandemonium
Master Pandemonium

Master Pandemonium is a supervillain in the Marvel Universe....
. In addition to these changes, Byrne’s run is remembered for the introduction of the Great Lakes Avengers
Great Lakes Avengers

The Great Lakes Initiative, originally and longer known as the Great Lake Avengers, are a superhero group team that appear in the fictional Marvel Universe....
, an eclectic group of new superheroes.

The Sensational She-Hulk
During She-Hulk’s tenure with the Fantastic Four, she appeared in Marvel Graphic Novel #18 in November 1985, titled The Sensational She-Hulk, which Byrne also wrote and illustrated.

On the request of editor Mark Gruenwald
Mark Gruenwald

Mark E. Gruenwald was an United States comic book writer, editor, and occasional penciler. Gruenwald got his start in comics fandom, publishing his own fanzine, Omniverse , which explored the concept of continuity ....
, Byrne wrote and drew a new series in 1989, The Sensational She-Hulk (maintaining the 1985 graphic novel
Graphic novel

A graphic novel is a type of comic book, usually with a lengthy and complex storyline similar to those of novels. The term also encompasses comic short story anthologies, and in some cases bound collections of previously published comic book series ....
’s title). Gruenwald directed that it be significantly different from the character’s 1970s series, The Savage She-Hulk. Byrne’s take was comedic and the She-Hulk
She-Hulk

She-Hulk is a Marvel Comics superhero#superheroinesine. Created by writer Stan Lee and artist John Buscema, she first appeared in Savage She-Hulk #1 ....
, who was aware she was in a comic book, regularly broke the fourth wall
Fourth wall

The fourth wall is an element of fiction. Originally, the term referred to the imaginary "wall" at the front of the stage in a proscenium theater, through which the audience sees the action in the world of the Play ....
. Byrne left the book after writing and drawing the first eight issues. Byrne was asked for input on writer Dwayne McDuffie
Dwayne McDuffie

Dwayne McDuffie is an American writer of comic books and television. His notable works include creating the animated series Static Shock, writing and producing the animated series Justice League Unlimited, and co-founding the comic book company Milestone Media....
’s She-Hulk: Ceremony
She-Hulk

She-Hulk is a Marvel Comics superhero#superheroinesine. Created by writer Stan Lee and artist John Buscema, she first appeared in Savage She-Hulk #1 ....
 graphic novel, and according to Byrne, most of his objections to the story and notations of errors were ignored, and his editor, Bobbie Chase, “was rewriting my stuff to bring it into line with” the story in Ceremony. Upon complaining to DeFalco, Byrne says he was fired from his series. He later returned to write and draw issues #31–50 under new editor Renée Witterstaetter.

Iron Man
Byrne took over writing Iron Man
Iron Man

Iron Man is a Character , a superhero that appears in comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character First appearance in Tales of Suspense #39 , and was created by writer-editor Stan Lee, scripter Larry Lieber, and artists Don Heck and Jack Kirby....
 (#258–277), drawn by John Romita Jr. and later by Paul Ryan
Paul Ryan (comics)

Paul Ryan is an American comic book and comic strip artist. Ryan has worked extensively for Marvel Comics and DC Comics on a number of super-hero comics....
. Byrne launched a second “Armor Wars
Iron Man

Iron Man is a Character , a superhero that appears in comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character First appearance in Tales of Suspense #39 , and was created by writer-editor Stan Lee, scripter Larry Lieber, and artists Don Heck and Jack Kirby....
” story arc, restored the Mandarin
Mandarin (comics)

The Mandarin is a fictional character , a Marvel Comics supervillain and the archenemy of Iron Man. He first appeared in Tales of Suspense #50 ....
 as a major Iron Man nemesis, and featured the 1950s “pre-superhero Marvel
Atlas Comics (1950s)

Atlas Comics is the 1950s comic book publishing company that would evolve into Marvel Comics. Magazine and mass market paperback publisher Martin Goodman , whose business strategy involved having a multitude of corporation entities, used Atlas as the umbrella name for his comic-book division during this time....
” monster Fin Fang Foom
Fin Fang Foom

Fin Fang Foom is a fictional character that appears in comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character first appears in Strange Tales #89 , and was created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby; Stan Lee's inspiration for Foom's name was apparently the title of the film Chu Chin Chow. ...
.

Namor, the Sub-Mariner
Byrne also started a new series, Namor, the Sub-Mariner. Byrne’s take on the undersea antihero Namor cast him as the head of a surface company, Oracle, Inc., in order to help keep the ocean unpolluted, and had Namor involved in corporate intrigue. Byrne wrote and drew the book for 25 issues, until new artist Jae Lee
Jae Lee

Jae Lee a comic book artist.Lee first rose to prominence in the industry for his work on Marvel's Namor the Sub-Mariner, Inhumans , and Sentry , as well as his creator-owned character Hellshock at ....
 inspired a sharp change in the series’ mood and plot of the book. Byrne wrote the book until #32.

Creator-owned works

In the early 1990s, Byrne began creating a series of original, creator-owned works for publisher Dark Horse Comics
Dark Horse Comics

Dark Horse Comics is one of the largest independent United States comic book publishers, behind dominant publishers Marvel Comics and DC Comics....
. This was during a general trend in the industry for established creators working for Marvel and DC to bring their original works to other publishers or create their own companies to publish the works themselves (one prominent example is Image Comics
Image Comics

Image Comics is an United States comic book publisher. It was founded in 1992 by seven high-profile illustrators as a venue where creators could publish their material without giving up the copyrights to the characters they created, as creator ownership properties....
). A number of these creators, including Byrne, Frank Miller
Frank Miller (comics)

Frank Miller is an United States writer, artist and film director best known for his dark, film noir-style comic book stories and graphic novels for Dark Horse Comics, DC Comics, and Marvel Comics....
, Mike Mignola
Mike Mignola

Mike Joseph Mignola is an United States comic book artist and writer, famous for creating the comic book series Hellboy for Dark Horse Comics....
, and Art Adams
Art Adams

Arthur "Art" Adams, , is an United States writer and comic book illustrator....
, banded together to form the Legend imprint at Dark Horse.

Byrne’s first title for Dark Horse was Next Men
Next Men

John Byrne?s Next Men is a comic book series written and drawn by John Byrne. It ran 31 issues plus a standalone prequel 2112. The series was published between 1991 and 1995 by Dark Horse Comics....
, a work he considered darker and more realistic than his previous work. The Next Men were five young people who were the product of a secret government experiment. Byrne said, “I thought I would see what I could do with superheroes in the ‘real world’ ” and “[e]xplore the impact their existence would have.” Byrne’s other Dark Horse titles were Babe, and Danger Unlimited
Danger Unlimited

Danger Unlimited is a comic book series written and drawn by John Byrne. It ran only four issues, with print publication dates of March to June 1994....
, a mature readers book about a team of heroes in the future fighting an alien occupation of Earth.

The Next Men lasted until issue 30 in 1994, when Byrne ended the series, intending to return “in no more than six months.” However, Byrne says he “did not count on...the virtual collapse of the whole comic book industry, which seemed to occur at just the time I put Next Men on the shelf...In the present, very depressed marketplace, I don’t feel Next Men would have much chance, so I leave the book hibernating until such time as the market improves.”

Later career

In later years, Byrne has worked on titles for Marvel, DC, and other publishers, including the 1992 prestige format
Prestige format

Prestige format is a term coined by DC Comics but now in wider use to refer to a square-bound comic book with cardstock covers. A prestige format comic book is usually longer than a normal, stapled 32-page comic ....
 graphic novel
Graphic novel

A graphic novel is a type of comic book, usually with a lengthy and complex storyline similar to those of novels. The term also encompasses comic short story anthologies, and in some cases bound collections of previously published comic book series ....
 Green Lantern: Ganthet’s Tale with science fiction author Larry Niven
Larry Niven

Laurence van Cott Niven is a US science fiction author. Perhaps his best-known work is Ringworld , which received Hugo Award for Best Novel, Locus Award, Ditmar Award, and Nebula Award for Best Novel awards....
 at DC. He also returned to the X-Men franchise at Marvel from 1991–1992, succeeding longtime writer Chris Claremont, who left after 17 years working on the various X-Men related titles. Byrne's return as the new writer was brief, as he only wrote Uncanny X-Men
Uncanny X-Men

Uncanny X-Men, first published as simply The X-Men, is the flagship Marvel Comics comic book series for the X-Men franchise. Being the official Canon , it features the adventures of the eponymous group of Mutant superheroes....
 # 281-285 and 288 with artist Whilce Portacio
Whilce Portacio

Whilce Portacio is a Filipino-American comic book artist....
, and X-Men (vol. 2)
X-Men (vol. 2)

X-Men: Legacy is a Marvel Comics comic book featuring the X-Men of Mutant superheroes.The title began its publication in October 1991 in comics as X-Men....
 # 4-5 with artist Jim Lee
Jim Lee

Jim Lee is a Korean American comic book artist, creator and publisher. Lee is currently one of the most successful artists in American comics. He has received a great deal of recognition for his work in the industry, including the Harvey Award in 1990....
.

He also wrote and drew another of DC’s signature series, the long-running Wonder Woman
Wonder Woman

Wonder Woman is a Character , a DC Comics Superhero#Superheroines created by William Moulton Marston. First appearing in All Star Comics #8 , she is one of three characters to have been continuously published by DC Comics since the company's 1944 inception ....
 title from 1995–1998. During that time he relegated the superheroine to the status of observer in a many issues, spotlighting supporting characters such as Queen Hippolyta
Queen Hippolyta (comics)

Queen Hippolyta is a DC Comics superheroine, based on Hippolyte, queen of the Amazons in Greek mythology, and is the mother of Wonder Woman and the adoptive mother of Donna Troy....
 in their own adventures. He additionally took over New Gods
New Gods

The New Gods are a fictional race appearing in publications by DC Comics, as well as the title for four series of comics about those characters....
 vol. 4 at the end of 1996, as writer-artist of issues #12–15, continuing with it as the series was rebooted with a new #1 as Jack Kirby’s Fourth World
Jack Kirby's Fourth World

The Fourth World is the popular name given to a metaseries of interconnecting comic book titles written and drawn by Jack Kirby and published by DC Comics from 1970 in comics to 1973 in comics....
. That ran 20 issues from 1997–1998. During his tenure on the New Gods, Byrne was also writer of the four-issue comic book mini-series crossover Genesis
Genesis (DC Comics)

Genesis was a four-issue comic book limited series and Fictional crossover storyline published weekly by DC Comics in August 1997. The series was written by John Byrne and drawn by Ron Wagner and Joe Rubinstein....
, a storyline published weekly by DC Comics in August 1997. The series was drawn by Ron Wagner and Joe Rubinstein. Byrne also wrote a Wonder Woman prose novel, Wonder Woman: Gods and Goddesses (1997, Prima Lifestyles, ISBN 0-7615-0483-4).

In the series Spider-Man: Chapter One
Spider-Man: Chapter One

Spider-Man: Chapter One is a comic book limited series starring Spider-Man published by Marvel Comics for 13 issues from December 1998 to October 1999....
, Byrne sought to retell some of Spider-Man
Spider-Man

Spider-Man is a fictional character appearing in comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character First appearance in Amazing Fantasy #15 , and was created by scripter-editor Stan Lee and artist-plotter Steve Ditko....
’s earliest adventures, changing some key aspects. In late 1998, Byrne also took over as writer of the flagship series, The Amazing Spider-Man
The Amazing Spider-Man

The Amazing Spider-Man is an American comic book series published by Marvel Comics, featuring the adventures of the superhero Spider-Man....
, at the end of the series with issue #440, by which time Marvel had decided to relaunch the book. The "last" issue of Amazing Spider-Man was #441 (Nov. 1998), with Marvel initiating The Amazing Spider-Man with a new issue #1 (Jan. 1999) with Howard Mackie
Howard Mackie

Howard Mackie is an United States comic book editing and writer. He has worked almost exclusively for Marvel Comics....
 as writer and Byrne as penciler. Byrne penciled issues #1–18 (from 1999–2000) and wrote #13–14.

Marvel hired Byrne in 1999 for a second volume of the series featuring The Incredible Hulk, re-titled Hulk, with Ron Garney
Ron Garney

Ron Garney is a comic book artist....
 penciling. Byrne wrote the first seven issues, as well as that series’ summer annual.

From 1999–2001, Byrne returned to the X-Men once again, as he wrote and drew the flashback
Flashback

In history, film, television and other media, a flashback is an interjected scene that takes the narrative back in time from the current point the Plot has reached....
 series X-Men: The Hidden Years
X-Men: The Hidden Years

X-Men: The Hidden Years was a comic book series set in the Marvel Comics Marvel Universe, which starred the company's popular superhero team, the X-Men....
. The series lasted 22 issues. Explained the title's cancellation to Comic Book Resources in November 2000, "I was officially informed yesterday that, despite the fact that they are still profitable, several 'redundant' X-Titles are being axed." This disagreement factored in his decision to no longer work for Marvel Comics.

Like X-Men: The Hidden Years works of this period have involved characters and events in time periods mostly skipped over by other comics (Marvel: The Lost Generation
Marvel: The Lost Generation

Marvel: The Lost Generation is a twelve-issue comic book limited series published by Marvel Comics in 2000 and 2001. The series was written by Roger Stern and drawn by John Byrne....
), or alternate timelines (DC’s Superman & Batman: Generations
Superman & Batman: Generations

Superman & Batman: Generations is the umbrella title of three Elseworlds comic book limited series published by DC Comics in the United States, written and illustrated by John Byrne....
); a common feature is to have characters who actually age during the course of the series, which is uncommon for characters in ongoing comics.

In early 2003, Byrne spent ten weeks as guest penciler on the syndicated newspaper strip
Comic strip

A comic strip is a sequence of drawings that tells a story.Currently in the Western world, most comic strips are written and drawn by a comics artist or cartoonist, and many such strips are published on a recurring basis in newspapers and on the Internet....
 Funky Winkerbean
Funky Winkerbean

Funky Winkerbean is a comic strip created by high school teacher Tom Batiuk , which debuted on March 26, 1972.The strip is centered on Westview High School and initially focused on several of its students: the title character, Funky Winkerbean, Crazy Harry Klinghorn, Barry Balderman, Bull Bushka, Cindy Summers, Junebug, Leslie P....
. Byrne did this as a favor for Winkerbean’s creator, Tom Batiuk
Tom Batiuk

Tom Batiuk is an United States comic strip creator. His best-known comic strip is Funky Winkerbean.Batiuk attended Kent State University, from which he graduated with a Bachelor of Fine Arts, majoring in painting....
, who was recovering from foot surgery.

His 2000s work has all been for DC Comics
DC Comics

DC Comics is one of the largest and most popular American comic book and related media companies, along with Marvel Comics. A subsidiary of Warner Bros....
: JLA (#94–99, the “Tenth Circle” story arc), Doom Patrol
Doom Patrol

The Doom Patrol is a fictional superhero team appearing in publications from DC Comics. The original Doom Patrol first appeared in My Greatest Adventure #80 ....
, Blood of the Demon, a five-issue arc of JLA Classified and a briefly drawing Jeph Loeb
Jeph Loeb

Joseph "Jeph" Loeb III is an Emmy and WGA nominated United States film and television writer, Television producer and award-winning comic book writer....
's version of Superman
Superman

Superman is a Character , a comic book superhero widely considered to be an American cultural icon. Created by American writer Jerry Siegel and Canadian-born artist Joe Shuster in 1932 while both were living in Cleveland, Ohio, Ohio, and sold to DC Comics in 1938, the character first appeared in Action Comics Action Comics 1 and subseque...
 (with writer Gail Simone
Gail Simone

Gail Simone is an United States writer of comic books. Best known for penning DC Comics Birds of Prey , she is the writer of Welcome to Tranquility and Atom and in the late 2000s became the ongoing writer of Wonder Woman....
) in Action Comics
Action Comics

Action Comics is an USA comic book series which first appearance Superman, the first major superhero character as the term is popularly defined....
 #827–835. Afterward, Simone and Byrne reteamed to launch The All-New Atom
Atom (comics)

The Atom is a name shared by several Fictional character comic book superheroes from the DC Comics DC Universe.There have been four characters who have shared the Atom codename....
 series in 2006, with Byrne pencilling the first three issues.

For publisher IDW, Byrne worked on the final issue of the miniseries Star Trek: Alien Spotlight (Feb. 2008); on the series FX
FX (comics)

FX is a six-issue comic book limited series written by creator Wayne Osborne and drawn by John Byrne. It's published by IDW Publishing. The series was the result of a life-long comics fan living his dream by hiring a professional artist to bring his creation to life....
 #1-6, written by Wayne Osborne, starting with the March 2008 issue; on the self-described "professional fan fiction," Star Trek: Assignment Earth #1-5; and on Star Trek: Romulans #1-2. His next projects are four issues of Angel, Crew (a Pike
Christopher Pike (Star Trek)

Christopher Pike, played first by Jeffrey Hunter and then by Sean Kenney, is a character in the fictional Star Trek fictional universe. Hunter portrayed him in the original Star Trek: The Original Series television pilot, "The Cage ", as captain of the USS Enterprise ....
-era Star Trek comic book) and the final chapter of his Romulans story before he starts on the second Assignment: Earth series.

Controversies

Over the years, Byrne has gained a reputation as a controversial figure, and has noted this himself, stating that “as the people who have figured me out have said, I just don’t suffer fools gladly.” Gail Simone
Gail Simone

Gail Simone is an United States writer of comic books. Best known for penning DC Comics Birds of Prey , she is the writer of Welcome to Tranquility and Atom and in the late 2000s became the ongoing writer of Wonder Woman....
, who worked with Byrne on The All New Atom (2006), described Byrne as “very opinionated,” although she qualified her statement, noting Byrne’s talent and assessing his personality as integral to his abilities: “I think John Byrne is brilliant and his forceful personality is part of that.” Byrne’s opinions can lead to disputes, and commentators have noted disputes with Peter David
Peter David

Peter Allen David is an United States writer, best known for his work in comic books and Star Trek novels. David often jokingly describes his occupation as "Writer of Stuff"....
, Jim Shooter
Jim Shooter

James Shooter is an United States writer, occasional fill-in artist, editing, and publisher for various comic books....
, Joe Quesada
Joe Quesada

Joseph "Joe" Quesada , is an USA comic book editor, writer and artist. He is currently the editor-in-chief of Marvel Comics....
, Mark Evanier
Mark Evanier

Mark Stephen Evanier is an United States comic book and television writer, particularly known for his humor work. Evanier is of ethnic Jewish heritage....
, Marv Wolfman
Marv Wolfman

Marvin A. "Marv" Wolfman is an award-winning United States comic book writer. He is best known for lengthy runs on The Tomb of Dracula, creating Blade for Marvel Comics, and Titans for DC Comics....
, and Erik Larsen
Erik Larsen

Erik J. Larsen is an United States comic book writer, artist, and publisher. He is best known for his work on Spider-Man with Marvel, and Savage Dragon and as one of the partner owners of since the early 1990s....
. In 1982, during a panel discussion at the Dallas Fantasy Fair, Byrne made unflattering comments about longtime comics writer and one-time Marvel Comics editor-in-chief Roy Thomas
Roy Thomas

Roy Thomas is a comic book writer and editing, and Stan Lee's first successor as editor-in-chief of Marvel Comics. He is possibly best known for introducing the pulp magazine hero Conan the Barbarian to American comics, with a series that added to the storyline of Robert E....
. After a transcript of the panel was published in The Comics Journal
The Comics Journal

The Comics Journal, often abbreviated TCJ, is the largest United States magazine of news and criticism pertaining to comic books and strips....
 #75 (Sept. 1982), Thomas threatened a libel suit if Byrne did not apologize. In a letter printed in The Comics Journal #82 (July 1983), Byrne retracted his statements, claiming he was only repeating information from Wolfman and Wein and wrote, “I acted only in the office of a parrot.”

In the 1980s, Steve Gerber
Steve Gerber

Stephen Ross "Steve" Gerber was an American comic book writer best known as co-creator of the satiric Marvel Comics character Howard the Duck....
 and Jack Kirby
Jack Kirby

Jacob Kurtzberg , better known by the pen name Jack Kirby, was an American comic book artist, writer and editing. Growing up poor in New York City, Kurtzberg entered the nascent comics industry in the 1930s....
 lampooned him in Destroyer Duck
Destroyer Duck

Destroyer Duck was an anthology comic book published by Eclipse Comics in 1982 in comics, as well as the title of its primary story, written by Steve Gerber and featuring artwork by Jack Kirby....
, drawing him as a character called Cogburn, possessing a removable spine and existing only to serve as a cog in the mammoth corporation that owned him. Erik Larsen
Erik Larsen

Erik J. Larsen is an United States comic book writer, artist, and publisher. He is best known for his work on Spider-Man with Marvel, and Savage Dragon and as one of the partner owners of since the early 1990s....
 created a villain in the 1990s for his Savage Dragon
Savage Dragon

Savage Dragon is an ongoing USA comic book series created by Erik Larsen and published by . The comic features the adventures of a superheroic police officer named the Dragon....
 and Freak Force
Freak Force

Freak Force is the name of a fictional team of superhuman bounty hunters operating out of Chicago, Illinois. They originated in the series Savage Dragon, but subsequently went on to star in their own series....
 series, Johnny Redbeard/The Creator, who also parodies Byrne; a massive cranium with atrophied appendages, he can bestow superpowers indiscriminately. However, Byrne is also regarded as an enthusiastic speaker, and someone with a warm love of his chosen medium. Tony Isabella
Tony Isabella

Tony Isabella is an United States comic book writer and commentator, best known as the creator and writer of Marvel Comics' Black Goliath, as well as Black Lightning, DC Comics' first major African American superhero....
 has commented upon Byrne’s approachability when at comic conventions, describing him as “friendly, funny, and well-received by those who attended the show.”

The magazine Heroplay examined Byrne’s alleged treatment of women in his comics and concluded, “As dynamic as his art can be, and as ambitious as his storylines are, he just seems to have an axe to grind with the female of the species,” and that he made women “either bitchy, flighty, or evil.”

The “Byrne Curse”

Byrne has referenced his alleged tendency to “predict” real-life events with his comic books, calling it the “Byrne Curse.” In a letter to Skeptic magazine, he noted a 1977 issue of Marvel Team-Up
Marvel Team-Up

Marvel Team-Up is the name of several USA comic book series published by Marvel Comics. The series featured two or more Marvel fictional character in one story....
 depicting a blackout in New York
New York City

The City of New York is the List of United States cities by population in the United States, while the New York metropolitan area ranks among the List of urban areas by population....
, with a real-life blackout occurring the month the issue went on sale, six months after he had drawn it; and an issue of Wonder Woman
Wonder Woman

Wonder Woman is a Character , a DC Comics Superhero#Superheroines created by William Moulton Marston. First appearing in All Star Comics #8 , she is one of three characters to have been continuously published by DC Comics since the company's 1944 inception ....
 in which the death of the superheroine, who is an Amazon
Amazons

The Amazons , ) are a nation of all-female warriors in Classical and Greek mythology, who were possibly historical. Herodotus placed them in a region bordering Scythia in Sarmatians....
 princess named Diana, is presented on the cover as a newspaper front page with the headline “Princess Diana Dies.” The issue went on sale on a Wednesday, and Britain
United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom , the UK or Britain,is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe....
’s Diana, Princess of Wales was killed in an accident three days later.

Art style

Blodemon 1
Byrne’s original work has been noted as being rough, with his drawings emphasizing curves over straight lines. Byrne has himself admitted to straight lines being “his least favorite artistic element.”

Ron Goulart
Ron Goulart

Ron Goulart is an United States popular culture historian and Mystery fiction, fantasy and science fiction List of science fiction authors.The prolific Goulart's first professional publication was a reprint in The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction; a parody of a pulp magazine letters column, it was originally published in the Univ...
 has called Byrne’s artwork “an eminently acceptable mix of bravura, complexity and storytelling clarity.”

In Scott McCloud
Scott McCloud

Scott McCloud is an American cartoonist and theorist on comics as a distinct literary and artistic medium....
’s book Understanding Comics
Understanding Comics

Understanding Comics: The Invisible Art is a 215-page non-fiction comic book, written and drawn by Scott McCloud and originally published in 1993 in literature....
, Byrne is charted along with other comics artists in the “Big Triangle.” McCloud’s placement of Byrne within it identifies his style as similar to Gilbert Hernandez
Gilbert Hernandez

Gilberto Hernandez, born February 1, 1957, in Oxnard, California, California, usually credited as Gilbert Hernandez and also known by the nickname Beto , is an United States comics writer/artist....
 and Jim Lee
Jim Lee

Jim Lee is a Korean American comic book artist, creator and publisher. Lee is currently one of the most successful artists in American comics. He has received a great deal of recognition for his work in the industry, including the Harvey Award in 1990....
, making the point that Byrne’s line style is naturalistic without being overly detailed.

Byrne is, in 2006, an accomplished comic book creator, and is capable of producing virtually all aspects of a book, although he does still produce work in collaboration. The one exception is coloring
Colorist

In comics, a colorist is responsible for adding color to black-and-white line art.Originally, this was done by cutting out films of various densities in the appropriate shapes to be used in producing color separation printing plates....
, since Byrne is color-blind. He has problems distinguishing between some shades of green and brown and pencilled Iron Fist for a year believing the costume was brown. While he experimented with his own hand-developed lettering
Letterer

A letterer is a member of a team of comic book creators responsible for drawing the comic book's text. The letterer crafts the comic's "display lettering": the story title lettering and other special captions and credits that usually appear on a story's first page....
 fonts in the early 1980s, he now utilizes a computer font based on the handwriting of the letterer Jack Morelli
Jack Morelli

Jack Morelli is a creator of comic books, including the film noir-styled 1998 Peter Parker: Spider-Man Annual that was both comic book writer and letterer by Morelli, and colored by his wife of over twenty years, Christie Scheele....
.

Byrne’s artistic style, his layouts and his storytelling have been sources of instruction and inspiration to many comics artists, including George Pérez
George Pérez

George P?rez is an illustrator and writer of comic books born of Latin-American descent. Along with John Byrne, he was arguably the most popular and influential artist in American comic books in the 1980s....
, Jim Lee
Jim Lee

Jim Lee is a Korean American comic book artist, creator and publisher. Lee is currently one of the most successful artists in American comics. He has received a great deal of recognition for his work in the industry, including the Harvey Award in 1990....
, Todd McFarlane
Todd McFarlane

Todd McFarlane is a Canadian comic book artist, writer, toy manufacturer/designer, and media entrepreneur who is best known as the creator of the occult fantasy series Spawn ....
, Bryan Hitch
Bryan Hitch

Bryan Hitch is a Great Britain comic book artist. He is the co-creator and artist of The Authority and The Ultimates. He currently works on Marvel's Fantastic Four....
, and Marcos Martín
Marcos Martin

Marcos Mart?n is a Spanish comic book artist who has illustrated Batgirl: Year One, Dr Strange: The Oath, Breach. He currently illustratesThe Amazing Spider-man....
.

As Byrne’s style has evolved over the years fan opinion has differed, a fact Byrne addressed in one of his “IMO” opinion columns.

Personal life

Byrne was married to photographer and actress Andrea Braun Byrne for 15 years. Braun's son from a previous marriage is Kieron Dwyer
Kieron Dwyer

Kieron Dwyer is a comic book artist and penciller. He lives in Portland, Oregon, where he is a member of Periscope Studio....
, and Byrne became Dwyer's stepfather when the boy was 13. (They only lived together for a short time, however, as the young Dwyer soon moved to Los Angeles to live with his father.) Byrne encouraged the young Dwyer's aspirations to be a superhero cartoonist, and his connections led to Dwyer's first professional job (doing a Batman fill-in in 1987).

Awards

Byrne has been the recipient of multiple comic book awards, including Favourite Comicbook Artist Eagle Awards
Eagle Awards

The Eagle Award is a series of awards for comic book titles and creators. They are awarded by United Kingdom fan voting for work produced during the previous year....
 in 1978 and 1979; a 1980 Inkpot Award
Inkpot Award

The Inkpot Award, bestowed annually since 1974 by Comic-Con International, is given to professionals in comic book, comic strip, animation, science fiction, and related pop-culture fields, who are guests of that organization's yearly List of multigenre conventions, commonly known as Comic-Con or the San Diego Comic-Con....
; and the 1993 Squiddy Award for Favorite Penciller.

Selected bibliography


Marvel Comics

  • Alpha Flight
    Alpha Flight

    Alpha Flight is a fictional group, a Marvel Comics superhero team noteworthy for being one of the few Canada superhero teams. Created by John Byrne, the team first appeared in Uncanny X-Men #120 ....
     vol. 1 (Writer/Penciller) #1-28
  • Avengers
    Avengers (comics)

    The Avengers is a team of fictional characters superhero characters in comic books published by Marvel Comics. Originally created using preexisting Marvel characters, variously created by writer-editor Stan Lee, artist and co-plotter Jack Kirby and others, the team first appearance in The Avengers #1 ....
     (Penciller) #164-166, 181-191 Annual #14, 18; (Writer) #305-317
  • Avengers West Coast (Writer/Penciller) #42-57, Annual #4
  • Captain America
    Captain America

    Captain America is a Character that appears in comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character First appearance in Captain America Comics #1 , from Marvel Comics' 1940s predecessor, Timely Comics, and was created by Joe Simon and Jack Kirby....
     (Penciller) #247-255
  • The Champions
    Champions (comics)

    The Champions was a short-lived fictional character comic book superhero team in the Marvel Comics Marvel Universe. Published in the 1975-1978 series The Champions, the team, formally "The Champions of Los Angeles, California," was Marvel's first comic to be set on the United States West Coast of the United States, rather than in the publ...
     (Penciller) #11-15, 17
  • Daredevil
    Daredevil (Marvel Comics)

    Daredevil is a fictional character that appears in comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character first appeared in Daredevil #1 and was created by writer-Literary editor Stan Lee and artist Bill Everett, with an unspecified amount of input from Jack Kirby....
     (Penciller) #138
  • Fantastic Four
    Fantastic Four

    The Fantastic Four is a fictional superhero team appearing in comic books published by Marvel Comics. The group debuted in The Fantastic Four #1 , which helped to usher in a new naturalism in the mass media....
     (Writer/Artist) #209-221, 232-293
  • Iron Man
    Iron Man

    Iron Man is a Character , a superhero that appears in comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character First appearance in Tales of Suspense #39 , and was created by writer-editor Stan Lee, scripter Larry Lieber, and artists Don Heck and Jack Kirby....
     (Penciller) #118; (writer) #258-277; Annual #10 (artist)
  • The Incredible Hulk (writer/artist) #314-319
  • Hulk
    Hulk

    Hulk may refer to:...
     (writer) #1-7; Annual 1
  • Marvel: The Lost Generation
    Marvel: The Lost Generation

    Marvel: The Lost Generation is a twelve-issue comic book limited series published by Marvel Comics in 2000 and 2001. The series was written by Roger Stern and drawn by John Byrne....
     (Writer/Artist) #1-12
  • Namor the Sub-Mariner
    Namor the Sub-Mariner

    Namor the Sub-Mariner is a fictional character comic-book character in the Marvel Comics Marvel Universe, and one of the first superheroes, debuting in Spring 1939....
     (Writer/Artist) #1-25; (Writer) #26-32
  • The Sensational She-Hulk
    She-Hulk

    She-Hulk is a Marvel Comics superhero#superheroinesine. Created by writer Stan Lee and artist John Buscema, she first appeared in Savage She-Hulk #1 ....
     (Writer/Artist) #1-8, 31-46, 48-50
  • Spider-Man: Chapter One
    Spider-Man: Chapter One

    Spider-Man: Chapter One is a comic book limited series starring Spider-Man published by Marvel Comics for 13 issues from December 1998 to October 1999....
     (Writer/Artist) #1-12
  • The Amazing Spider-Man
    The Amazing Spider-Man

    The Amazing Spider-Man is an American comic book series published by Marvel Comics, featuring the adventures of the superhero Spider-Man....
      vol. 1 (Penciler) #189, 190, 206; (Writer) 440-441
  • The Amazing Spider-Man
    The Amazing Spider-Man

    The Amazing Spider-Man is an American comic book series published by Marvel Comics, featuring the adventures of the superhero Spider-Man....
     vol. 2 (Penciler) #1-18; (writer) 13, 14
  • Uncanny X-Men
    Uncanny X-Men

    Uncanny X-Men, first published as simply The X-Men, is the flagship Marvel Comics comic book series for the X-Men franchise. Being the official Canon , it features the adventures of the eponymous group of Mutant superheroes....
     (co-plotter and Penciller), #108, 109, 111-143;(Scripter) #273, 281-285, 288
  • X-Men (vol. 2)
    X-Men (vol. 2)

    X-Men: Legacy is a Marvel Comics comic book featuring the X-Men of Mutant superheroes.The title began its publication in October 1991 in comics as X-Men....
     (writer) #4-5
  • X-Men: The Hidden Years
    X-Men: The Hidden Years

    X-Men: The Hidden Years was a comic book series set in the Marvel Comics Marvel Universe, which starred the company's popular superhero team, the X-Men....
     #1-22 (writer/artist)


DC Comics

  • Action Comics
    Action Comics

    Action Comics is an USA comic book series which first appearance Superman, the first major superhero character as the term is popularly defined....
     (writer/artist #584-600); (artist) #827-835; Annual 1 (writer); Annual 6 (writer/artist)
  • Adventures of Superman (Writer) #436-442, 444; (inker) Annual #2
  • Batman/Captain America (one shot intercompany crossover
    Intercompany crossover

    In comic books, an intercompany crossover is a comic or series of comics where characters published by one company meet those published by another ....
    , published by DC, writer/artist)
  • Darkseid/Galactus (one shot intercompany crossover, published by DC, writer/artist)
  • Blood of the Demon (writer/artist) #1-15
  • Doom Patrol
    Doom Patrol

    The Doom Patrol is a fictional superhero team appearing in publications from DC Comics. The original Doom Patrol first appeared in My Greatest Adventure #80 ....
     #1-18 (writer/artist)
  • The Man of Steel (writer/artist) (6-issue Mini series)
  • Genesis
    Genesis (DC Comics)

    Genesis was a four-issue comic book limited series and Fictional crossover storyline published weekly by DC Comics in August 1997. The series was written by John Byrne and drawn by Ron Wagner and Joe Rubinstein....
     (mini-series, August 1997) (writer; with art by Ron Wagner and Joe Rubinstein)
  • Green Lantern: Ganthet’s Tale (one shot; script/artist, from a story by Larry Niven
    Larry Niven

    Laurence van Cott Niven is a US science fiction author. Perhaps his best-known work is Ringworld , which received Hugo Award for Best Novel, Locus Award, Ditmar Award, and Nebula Award for Best Novel awards....
    )
  • Jack Kirby’s Fourth World
    Jack Kirby's Fourth World

    The Fourth World is the popular name given to a metaseries of interconnecting comic book titles written and drawn by Jack Kirby and published by DC Comics from 1970 in comics to 1973 in comics....
     #1-20 (writer/artist)
  • JLA
    Justice League

    The Justice League, also called the Justice League of America or JLA, is a fictional DC Comics List of superhero teams and groups....
     (Writer/Artist #94-99, with Chris Claremont)
  • Justice League Classified
    Justice League

    The Justice League, also called the Justice League of America or JLA, is a fictional DC Comics List of superhero teams and groups....
     #50-54 (Artist)
  • Legends
    Legends (comics)

    Legends was a six-issue comic book limited series published in 1986 in comics and 1987 in comics by DC Comics, which had plot threads running through several other DC comic titles, Fictional crossover into them ....
     (Mini series) (pencils)
  • New Gods
    New Gods

    The New Gods are a fictional race appearing in publications by DC Comics, as well as the title for four series of comics about those characters....
     (vol. 4) #12-15 (writer/artist)
  • OMAC
    One-Man Army Corps

    OMAC is a superhero comic book created in 1974 by Jack Kirby and published by DC Comics. Set in the near future , OMAC is a corporate nobody named Buddy Blank who is changed by an Artificial intelligence satellite called Brother Eye into the super-powered OMAC....
      (4-issue miniseries)
  • Superman (vol. 2)
    Superman (vol. 2)

    Superman or Superman was published from January 1987 to April 2006. 228 issues were printed: 226 monthly issues, plus issue #0 and issue #1,000,000 ....
     (writer) #1-22; (Artist) #1-17, 19-22; 50 (Artist)
  • The All New Atom (artist) #1-3
  • World of Krypton #1-4 (Mini series) (writer & cover artist)
  • World of Metropolis #1-4 (Mini series) (writer & cover artist)
  • World of Smallville #1-4 (Mini series) (writer & cover artist)
  • Wonder Woman
    Wonder Woman

    Wonder Woman is a Character , a DC Comics Superhero#Superheroines created by William Moulton Marston. First appearing in All Star Comics #8 , she is one of three characters to have been continuously published by DC Comics since the company's 1944 inception ....
     (vol. 2) (Writer/Artist) #101-136


Dark Horse Comics

  • John Byrne’s 2112 (1991)
  • Danger Unlimited
    Danger Unlimited

    Danger Unlimited is a comic book series written and drawn by John Byrne. It ran only four issues, with print publication dates of March to June 1994....
     (1993)
  • John Byrne’s Next Men
    Next Men

    John Byrne?s Next Men is a comic book series written and drawn by John Byrne. It ran 31 issues plus a standalone prequel 2112. The series was published between 1991 and 1995 by Dark Horse Comics....
     (1992–1994)
  • Babe (1994)
  • Hellboy: Seed of Destruction
    Hellboy: Seed of Destruction

    Hellboy: Seed Of Destruction is the first Hellboy comic book limited series, published by Dark Horse Comics. It was conceived and illustrated by Mike Mignola and scripted by John Byrne....
     (1994)


Novels

  • John L. Byrne’s Fear Book (1988; ISBN 0-446-34814-7)
  • Whipping Boy (1992; ISBN 0-440-21171-9)
  • Wonder Woman: Gods and Goddesses (1997, ISBN 0-7615-0483-4)


Newspaper Strips

  • Funky Winkerbean (2003) (fill-in penciler for ten weeks)


Webcomics

  • You Go, Ghoul! (2004)


External links

  • (column)


Interviews

  • Lerer, Mark. (1984)
  • Byrne, Craig. , (June 1, 1995)
  • Alias, Marcia. , Sequential Tart (June 1999)
  • Thomas, Michael. , Comic Book Resources
    Comic Book Resources

    Comic Book Resources also known as CBR is a website dedicated to the coverage of comic book-related news and discussion....
     (Aug. 22, 2000)
  • Cooke, Jon B. , Comic Book Artist
    Comic Book Artist

    Comic Book Artist was an United States magazine devoted to anecdotal histories of American comic books, with emphasis on comics published since the 1960s....
     #12 (Mar. 2001)
  • Lofgren, Derek.
  • , UGO
    UGO

    UGO Entertainment is a website providing coverage of online Mass media in entertainment targeting males age 18-34. The company is currently based in New York City, United States....
     (c. 2004)
  • P., Ken. , IGN
    IGN

    IGN is a multimedia news and reviews website that focuses heavily on video games. Its corporate parent is IGN Entertainment, which owns and controls separate sites such as GameSpy, GameStats, Rotten Tomatoes and AskMen....
     (Apr. 1, 2005)
  • (Sept. 11, 2006)
  • (Sept. 14, 2006)
  • Ong Pang Kean, Benjamin. , Newsarama
    Newsarama

    Newsarama is an United States website that publishes news, interviews and essays about the American comic book industry. In addition, the site hosts an Internet forum for comic-book fans....
     (Jan. 3, 2008)
  • Ong Pang Kean, Benjamin. , Newsarama
    Newsarama

    Newsarama is an United States website that publishes news, interviews and essays about the American comic book industry. In addition, the site hosts an Internet forum for comic-book fans....
     (Jan. 8, 2008)
  • Klaehn, Jeffery. , Pop (Oct. 22, 2008)