Jnanasutra
Encyclopedia
Jnanasutra. (need dates) is a Vajrayana
Vajrayana
Vajrayāna Buddhism is also known as Tantric Buddhism, Tantrayāna, Mantrayāna, Secret Mantra, Esoteric Buddhism and the Diamond Vehicle...

 Dzogchenpa who was a disciple of Sri Singha
Sri Singha
Shri Singha was a principal disciple and dharma-son of Manjushrimitra in the Dzogchen lineage.Vajranatha contextualises Sri Singha in relation to the Nyingma, Manjushrimitra, Tantra, Brahman, Garab Dorje, Uddiyana, Vimalamitra, Samye and Yogachara:According to the Nyingmapa tradition of Tibetan...

. Jnanasutra was a spiritual brother of Vimalamitra
Vimalamitra
Vimalamitra ), an 8th century Indian adept, is key to the history of Tibetan Buddhist Dzogchen practice. He lived equally in China, Oddiyana and Tibet, but was known as the "Sage of Kashmir". According to tradition, he was born in Western India and travelled to China to become a disciple of Shri...

, another principal disciple of Sri Singha.

Disambiguation

There appear to be two Jnanasutras, with different Tibetan orthography for their names. Yeshe Do (Tibetan: ye shes mdo one flourished from the 5th - 6th centuries and was a disciple of Sri Singha, the other was a principal translator Yeshe De (Wylie: Ye shes sde; 8th-9th century), lotsawa
Lotsawa
Lotsawa is a Tibetan word used as a title to refer to the native Tibetan translators, such as Vairotsana, Rinchen Zangpo, Marpa and others, who worked alongside Indian scholars or panditas to translate the texts of the buddhist canon into Tibetan from Sanskrit, Chinese and other Asian languages...

, of the first wave of the Nyingmapa, known as the Ngagyur (Wylie: sna ’gyur), which began in the 7th century and continued until the time of Atisha
Atisha
Atiśa Dipankara Shrijnana was a Buddhist teacher from the Pala Empire who, along with Konchog Gyalpo and Marpa, was one of the major figures in the establishment of the Sarma lineages in Tibet after the repression of Buddhism by King Langdarma .- Birth :Atisha is most commonly said to have been...

.

Nomenclature, orthography and etymology

Jnanasutra (Tibetan: ye shes mdo) is sometimes rendered as Yeshe De.

In Jigme Lingpa
Jigme Lingpa
Jigme Lingpa was one of the most important tertöns of Tibet. He was the promulgator of the Longchen Nyingthik, the Heart Essence teachings of Longchenpa, from whom, according to tradition, he received a vision in which the teachings were revealed...

's terma of the Ngondro
Ngöndro
Ngöndro refers to the preliminary, preparatory or foundational 'practices' or 'disciplines' common to all four schools of Tibetan Buddhism and also to Bön...

 of the Longchen Nyingtig he writes what approximates the phonemic Sanskrit of 'Jnanasutra' in Tibetan script as , rather than his name in Tibetan and this comes just after a sentence to Sri Singha and before mentioning Vimalamitra.

Biography

Yeshe De (Wylie: ye shes sde; Sanskrit: Jnanasutra), a Nyingmapa, was according to Tarthang Tulku
Tarthang Tulku
Tarthang Tulku is a Tibetan teacher in the Nyingma tradition who lives in America, where he works to preserve the art and culture of Tibet. He oversees various projects including Dharma Publishing, Yeshe-De, Tibetan Aid Project, and the construction of the Odiyan Copper Mountain Mandala...

 (1980) the principal 'translator' (Tibetan: lotsawa
Lotsawa
Lotsawa is a Tibetan word used as a title to refer to the native Tibetan translators, such as Vairotsana, Rinchen Zangpo, Marpa and others, who worked alongside Indian scholars or panditas to translate the texts of the buddhist canon into Tibetan from Sanskrit, Chinese and other Asian languages...

) of the first wave of translations from Sanskrit to Tibetan.

Jnanasutra left his body 994 years after Shakyamuni Buddha's parinirvana
Parinirvana
In Buddhism, parinirvana is the final nirvana, which occurs upon the death of the body of someone who has attained complete awakening...

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