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Parinirvana
 
 
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In Buddhism
Buddhism

Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices considered by most to be a religionand is based on the teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as "The Buddha" , who was born in what is today Nepal....
, parinirvana (Sanskrit
Sanskrit

Sanskrit is a historical Indo-Aryan language, one of the liturgical languages of Hinduism and Buddhism, and one of the 22 official languages of India....
: ?????????? ; Pali
Pali language

Pali is a Middle Indo-Aryan languages or prakrit of India. It is best known as the language of the earliest extant Buddhism scriptures, as collected in the Pali Canon or Tipitaka, and as the liturgical language of Theravada....
: ?????????? ; Chinese
Chinese language

Chinese or the Sinitic language is a language family consisting of language mutually unintelligible to varying degrees. Originally the indigenous languages spoken by the Han Chinese in China, it forms one of the two branches of Sino-Tibetan languages of languages....
: ???, bo nič pán) is the final nirvana
Nirvana

In sramana thought, Nirvana is the state of being free from both dukkha and the cycle of rebirth. It is an important concept in Buddhism and Jainism....
, which occurs upon the death
Death

Death is the permanent termination of the biological functions that define a life organism. It refers to both a particular event and to the condition that results thereby....
 of the body of someone who has attained complete awakening
Bodhi

Bodhi is both the Pali and Sanskrit word traditionally translated into English language as "enlightenment." The word "Buddhahood" means "one who has achieved bodhi." Bodhi is also frequently translated as "awakening."...
 (bodhi).






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Paranirvana
Mahaparinirvanaattendants
In Buddhism
Buddhism

Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices considered by most to be a religionand is based on the teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as "The Buddha" , who was born in what is today Nepal....
, parinirvana (Sanskrit
Sanskrit

Sanskrit is a historical Indo-Aryan language, one of the liturgical languages of Hinduism and Buddhism, and one of the 22 official languages of India....
: ?????????? ; Pali
Pali language

Pali is a Middle Indo-Aryan languages or prakrit of India. It is best known as the language of the earliest extant Buddhism scriptures, as collected in the Pali Canon or Tipitaka, and as the liturgical language of Theravada....
: ?????????? ; Chinese
Chinese language

Chinese or the Sinitic language is a language family consisting of language mutually unintelligible to varying degrees. Originally the indigenous languages spoken by the Han Chinese in China, it forms one of the two branches of Sino-Tibetan languages of languages....
: ???, bo nič pán) is the final nirvana
Nirvana

In sramana thought, Nirvana is the state of being free from both dukkha and the cycle of rebirth. It is an important concept in Buddhism and Jainism....
, which occurs upon the death
Death

Death is the permanent termination of the biological functions that define a life organism. It refers to both a particular event and to the condition that results thereby....
 of the body of someone who has attained complete awakening
Bodhi

Bodhi is both the Pali and Sanskrit word traditionally translated into English language as "enlightenment." The word "Buddhahood" means "one who has achieved bodhi." Bodhi is also frequently translated as "awakening."...
 (bodhi). It is the ultimate goal of Buddhist practice and implies a release from the bhavachakra,
Samsara

'Samsara' or refers to the cycle of reincarnation or rebirth in Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism and other related religions.According to these religions, one's karma "account balance" at the time of death is inherited via the state at which a person is reborn....
, karma
Karma

Karma is the concept of "action" or "deed" in Indian religions understood as that which causes the entire cycle of causality originating in ancient India and treated in Hindu, Jain, Sikh and Buddhism philosophies....
 and rebirth
Rebirth (Buddhism)

Rebirth in Buddhism is the doctrine that the Consciousness of a person , upon the death or dissolution of the aggregates which make up that person, becomes one of the contributing causes for the arising of a new group of skandhas which may again be conventionally considered a person or individual....
 as well as the dissolution of the skandha
Skandha

In Buddhism Phenomenology and soteriology, the five skandhas or khandhas are five "aggregates" which categorize all individual experience, among which there is anatta to be found....
s.

The parinirvana of the Buddha
Buddha

In Buddhism, buddhahood is the state of perfect bodhi attained by a .In Buddhism, the term 'buddha' usually refers to one who has become enlightened ....
 is described in the Mahaparinibbana Sutta
Mahaparinibbana Sutta

For the Mahayana Mahaparinirvana Sutra see Nirvana Sutra.----The Mahaparinibbana Sutta is a Buddhist sutra in the Digha Nikaya of the Tripitaka....
. Because of its attention to detail, the Mahaparinibbana Sutta
Mahaparinibbana Sutta

For the Mahayana Mahaparinirvana Sutra see Nirvana Sutra.----The Mahaparinibbana Sutta is a Buddhist sutra in the Digha Nikaya of the Tripitaka....
 (of the Theravada
Theravada

Theravada...
 tradition) has been resorted to as the principal source of reference in most standard studies of the Buddha's life. It is also the oldest existing account.

The Buddhist term, Mahaparinirvana, meaning "great, complete Nirvana" is also encountered. The word "Mahaparinirvana" usually refers to the ultimate state of Nirvana (everlasting, highest peace and happiness) entered by an Awakened Being (Buddha) or "arhat" (Pali: Arahant) at the moment of physical death, when the mundane skandhas, the constituent elements of the 'bodymind' (Sanskrit: namarupa) complex, are shed and only the Buddhic skandhas remain (this in Mahayana Buddhism, notably the Mahayana Mahaparinirvana Sutra; see Mahayana Mahaparinirvana Sutra in 12 Volumes, tr. by Kosho Yamamoto, ed. by Dr. Tony Page, Nirvana Publications, London, 2000, Vol. 3, pp.4-5, and passim). However, it may also refer (in the Mahayana) to the same inner spiritual state reached during a Buddha's physical lifetime too. In the Mahayana Buddhist scripture entitled the Mahayana Mahaparinirvana Sutra, the Buddha teaches that unlike "ordinary" Nirvana, "Mahaparinirvana" or "Parinirvana" is the sublimest state or realm realised by a perfect Buddha, a state in which that Buddhic being awakens to "the Eternal, Bliss, the Self, and the Pure" (Mahaparinirvana Sutra in 12 Volumes, op.cit., Vol. 8, pp.36-37). Only in Mahaparinirvana is this True Self held to be fully discernible and accessible (Kosho Yamamoto, Mahayanism, Karin Bunko, Tokyo, 1975, p.62).

The Mahaparinirvana Sutra, a long and highly composite Mahayana scripture, refers to the Buddha using the term "Self" in order to win over non-Buddhist ascetics. While in early Buddhist thought nirvana is characterized by permanence, bliss, and purity, it is viewed as being the stopping of the breeding-ground for the "I am" attitude, and is beyond all possibility of the Self delusion.

In the Dzogchen lineages of Mantrayana, parinirvana and mahasamadhi are refined into the phowa of the mindstream as the Rainbow Body.

See also

  • The life of the Buddha
  • Mahaparinirvana Sutra
  • Prabashvara
    Prabashvara

    Prabhashvara is the color of the aura of Gautama Buddha. The actual spectrum of his aura consists of five colors:* 'nila' * 'pita' * 'lohita' ...


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