Jhang (
PunjabiPunjabi or Panjabi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by inhabitants of the historical Punjab region ....
, ) is the principal city of
Jhang DistrictJhang District is a district of the Punjab province of Pakistan. The city of Jhang is the capital of the district. According to the 1998 census of Pakistan, the district's population was 2,834,545 of which 23.11% were urban The population had risen to 3.50 million according to a 2008 estimate.-...
in the
PunjabThe Punjab province of Pakistan. It is the country's most populous region with about 45% of Pakistan's total population. The Punjab is home to the Punjabis and various other groups...
province of Pakistan. It is situated on the Chenab river at latitude 31.15° N and longitude 72.22°E. According to the 1998 census of Pakistan it had a population of 387,418
Jhang is said to have been founded in the fifteenth century, and to have been destroyed by the river and refounded in the reign of
AurangzebMuhi ud-din Muhammad Aurangzeb Bahadur Alamgir I, more commonly known as Aurangzeb Muhi ud-din Muhammad Aurangzeb Bahadur Alamgir I, more commonly known as Aurangzeb Muhi ud-din Muhammad Aurangzeb Bahadur Alamgir I, more commonly known as Aurangzeb ( (full title: Al-Sultan al-Azam wal Khaqan...
. Under Mughal rule, the city flourished and was notable for commerce and trade.
Jhang (
PunjabiPunjabi or Panjabi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by inhabitants of the historical Punjab region ....
, ) is the principal city of
Jhang DistrictJhang District is a district of the Punjab province of Pakistan. The city of Jhang is the capital of the district. According to the 1998 census of Pakistan, the district's population was 2,834,545 of which 23.11% were urban The population had risen to 3.50 million according to a 2008 estimate.-...
in the
PunjabThe Punjab province of Pakistan. It is the country's most populous region with about 45% of Pakistan's total population. The Punjab is home to the Punjabis and various other groups...
province of Pakistan. It is situated on the Chenab river at latitude 31.15° N and longitude 72.22°E. According to the 1998 census of Pakistan it had a population of 387,418
History
Jhang is said to have been founded in the fifteenth century, and to have been destroyed by the river and refounded in the reign of
AurangzebMuhi ud-din Muhammad Aurangzeb Bahadur Alamgir I, more commonly known as Aurangzeb Muhi ud-din Muhammad Aurangzeb Bahadur Alamgir I, more commonly known as Aurangzeb Muhi ud-din Muhammad Aurangzeb Bahadur Alamgir I, more commonly known as Aurangzeb ( (full title: Al-Sultan al-Azam wal Khaqan...
. Under Mughal rule, the city flourished and was notable for commerce and trade. In the late 18th century it was added to Afghanistan and became part of the Afghan Empire. With disarray and chaos falling internal strife in western Afghanistan and the gradual decline of the Mughal Empire, the city was briefly taken by
Ranjit SinghMaharaja Ranjit Singh was the first Maharaja of the Sikh Empire and was also known as Sher-e-Punjab .-Early life:...
in 1805. Later in 1849, The British made inroads into the Panjab and added Jhang to their expanding empire.
During
British RuleThe British Raj was the British colonial rule in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947; it can also refer to the period of dominion, and even the region under the rule...
the towns of Jhang and Maghiana, lying two miles apart, became a joint municipality, then known as Jhang-Maghiana.
Jhang-Maghiana became a municipality in 1867. The income during the ten years ending 1902-3 averaged Rs.46,800 and the expenditure Rs. 44,200, in 1903-4 the income was Rs. 49,700 mainly derived from
octroiOctroi is a local tax collected on various articles brought into a district for consumption.-Antiquity:Octroi taxes have a respectable antiquity, being known in Roman times as vectigalia...
.
Maghiana lies on the edge of the highlands, overlooking the alluvial valley of the Chenab, while the older town of Jhang occupies the lowlands at its foot.
The Government offices and establishments had been removed to the higher site, and commerce declined in Jhang, which was no longer considered a place of importance. Maghiana, however, had a considerable trade in grain and country cloth, and manufactured leather, soap, locks and other brass-work. Maghiana also contained a civil hospital, whilst Jhang had a high school and a dispensary.
The population in 1901, according to the 1901 census of India, was 24,381 of whom 12,189 were Hindus and 11,684 were Muslims. A dscendant from Jhang district is known as a jhangi and are allegedly strong headed with high temper.
Jhang is the burial place of
Heer and RanjhaFor 1970 Hindi movie of same name and characters, see Heer RaanjhaHeer Ranjha is one of the four popular tragic romances of the Punjab. The other three are Mirza Sahiba, Sassi Punnun and Sohni Mahiwal. There are several poetic narrations of the story, the most famous being 'Heer' by Waris Shah...
, of
PunjabiPunjabi Culture is the culture of the Punjab region. It is one of the oldest and richest cultures in world history, dating from ancient antiquity to the modern era. The Punjabi Culture is the culture of the Punjabi people who are now distributed throughout the world. The scope, history,...
folklore.
A number of well known people, including doctors and engineers, have come from Jhang. The
Nobel PrizeThe Nobel Prize is a Sweden-based international monetary prize. The award was established by the 1895 will and estate of Swedish chemist and inventor Alfred Nobel. It was first awarded in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace in 1901...
winner in physics,
Dr.Abdus SalamAbdus Salam was a Pakistani theoretical physicist, astrophysicist and Nobel laureate in Physics for his work in Electro-Weak Theory. Salam, Sheldon Glashow and Steven Weinberg shared the prize for this discovery...
belonged to Jhang.
Administration
Jhang city is the administrative centre of Jhang
tehsilA tehsil is an administrative division of some countries of South Asia....
(a subdivision of the district), the tehsil itself is divided into 55
Union councilsA union council or village council in Pakistan is an elected local government body consisting of 21 councillors, and headed by a nazim and a naib nazim .-Administration:...
.
External links