James Erasmus Tracey Phillips
Encyclopedia
James Edward Tracy Philipps MC
Military Cross
The Military Cross is the third-level military decoration awarded to officers and other ranks of the British Armed Forces; and formerly also to officers of other Commonwealth countries....

 (1888-1959) was a British
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

 diplomat and explorer

Philipps was the son of the Reverend John Erasmus Philipps ( b. Haverfordwest 1863 - 1923 ) Vicar of Enstone, Oxfordshire, and Margaret Louisa Everard Ffolkes ( 1866-1954). He married pianist Lubka Kolessa
Lubka Kolessa
Lubka Kolessa was a classical pianist and professor of piano.- Education :...

 of Ukrainian origin, daughter of famous Ukrainian professor, on 13th March 1939 in Prague, on the eve of the occupation

From Abingdon School
Abingdon School
Abingdon School is a British day and boarding independent school for boys situated in Abingdon, Oxfordshire , previously known as Roysse's School. In 1998 a formal merger took place between Abingdon School and Josca's, a preparatory school four miles to the west at Frilford...

(1899-1904) and Marlborough College
Marlborough College
Marlborough College is a British co-educational independent school for day and boarding pupils, located in Marlborough, Wiltshire.Founded in 1843 for the education of the sons of Church of England clergy, the school now accepts both boys and girls of all beliefs. Currently there are just over 800...

 (1904-06) he entered Durham University
Durham University
The University of Durham, commonly known as Durham University, is a university in Durham, England. It was founded by Act of Parliament in 1832 and granted a Royal Charter in 1837...

, becoming editor of The Sphinx and president of the union. Joining the Rifle Brigade (1912), Philipps transferred as Captain to the South African Intelligence Department. During the First World War he was attached to the King's African Rifles
King's African Rifles
The King's African Rifles was a multi-battalion British colonial regiment raised from the various British possessions in East Africa from 1902 until independence in the 1960s. It performed both military and internal security functions within the East African colonies as well as external service as...

 (1914) and was awarded the Military Cross
Military Cross
The Military Cross is the third-level military decoration awarded to officers and other ranks of the British Armed Forces; and formerly also to officers of other Commonwealth countries....

 (1916). He joined the Arab Bureau
Arab Bureau
The Arab Bureau was a section of the Cairo Intelligence Department during the First World War. According to a Committee of Imperial Defence paper from January 7, 1916 the Arab Bureau was established to "harmonise British political activity in the Near East...[and] keep the Foreign Office, the India...

 in Cairo (1918) and the British Relief Commission to south Russia (1921). He was The Times correspondent in the Greeco-Turkish war (1922) and a foreign news correspondent (1936-39). He served as a member of UNRRA (1944-45), and travelled on foot from east to west across Equatorial Africa. He published numerous articles on zoology, linguistics, Islam, social reform and international affairs.

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