Ischiorectal fossa
Encyclopedia
The ischioanal fossa is somewhat prismatic in shape, with its base directed to the surface of the perineum
, and its apex at the line of meeting of the obturator
and anal fascia
e.
Perineum
In human anatomy, the perineum is a region of the body including the perineal body and surrounding structures...
, and its apex at the line of meeting of the obturator
Obturator
Obturator may refer to:In medicine:* Obturator artery* Obturator nerve* Obturator vein* Obturator externus muscle* Obturator internus muscle* Obturator membrane* Obturator canal* Obturator foramen...
and anal fascia
Anal fascia
The diaphragmatic part of the pelvic fascia covers both surfaces of the Levatores ani. The inferior layer is known as the anal fascia; it is attached above to the obturator fascia along the line of origin of the Levator ani, while below it is continuous with the superior fascia of the urogenital...
e.
Boundaries
It has the following boundaries:| ANTERIOR * fascia of Colles Fascia of Colles The deep layer of superficial fascia is thin, aponeurotic in structure, and of considerable strength, serving to bind down the muscles of the root of the penis.It separates the skin from the superficial perineal pouch.-Relations:... covering the Transversus perinei superficialis * inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm |
>- | * Levator ani Levator ani The levator ani is a broad, thin muscle, situated on the side of the pelvis.It is attached to the inner surface of the side of the lesser pelvis, and unites with its fellow of the opposite side to form the greater part of the floor of the pelvic cavity.... INFERIOR: * skin Skin -Dermis:The dermis is the layer of skin beneath the epidermis that consists of connective tissue and cushions the body from stress and strain. The dermis is tightly connected to the epidermis by a basement membrane. It also harbors many Mechanoreceptors that provide the sense of touch and heat... > MEDIAL: * Levator ani Levator ani The levator ani is a broad, thin muscle, situated on the side of the pelvis.It is attached to the inner surface of the side of the lesser pelvis, and unites with its fellow of the opposite side to form the greater part of the floor of the pelvic cavity.... * Sphincter ani externus muscle Sphincter ani externus muscle The Sphincter ani externus is a flat plane of muscular fibers, elliptical in shape and intimately adherent to the integument surrounding the margin of the anus.-Anatomy:... * anal fascia Anal fascia The diaphragmatic part of the pelvic fascia covers both surfaces of the Levatores ani. The inferior layer is known as the anal fascia; it is attached above to the obturator fascia along the line of origin of the Levator ani, while below it is continuous with the superior fascia of the urogenital... |- | |
POSTERIOR * Gluteus maximus * sacrotuberous ligament Sacrotuberous ligament The sacrotuberous ligament is situated at the lower and back part of the pelvis. It is flat, and triangular in form; narrower in the middle than at the ends.... |
Contents
The contents include:- Inside Alcock's canal, on the lateral wall
- internal pudendal arteryInternal pudendal arteryThe internal pudendal artery is an artery that branches off the internal iliac artery, providing blood to the external genitalia.The internal pudendal artery is the terminal branch of the anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery...
- internal pudendal vein
- pudendal nervePudendal nerveThe pudendal nerve is a sensory and somatic nerve in the pelvic region which is a large branch of the sacral plexus that innervates the external genitalia of both sexes, as well as sphincters for the bladder and the rectum...
- internal pudendal artery
- Outside Alcock's canal, crossing the space transversely
- inferior rectal arteryInferior rectal arteryThe inferior rectal artery is an artery that supplies blood to the lower half of the anal canal.-Structure:The inferior rectal artery arises from the internal pudendal artery as it passes above the ischial tuberosity....
- inferior rectal veinsInferior rectal veinsThe lower part of the external hemorrhoidal plexus is drained by the inferior rectal veins into the internal pudendal vein....
- inferior anal nervesInferior anal nervesThe Inferior rectal nerves usually branch from the pudendal nerve but occasionally arises directly from the sacral plexus; they cross the ischiorectal fossa along with the inferior hemorrhoidal vessels, toward the anal canal and the lower end of the rectum, and is distributed to the Sphincter ani...
- fatty tissue across which numerous fibrous bands extend from side to side
- inferior rectal artery
External links
- "The Female Perineum: The Ischioanal Fossa"- Diagram at Emory UniversityEmory UniversityEmory University is a private research university in metropolitan Atlanta, located in the Druid Hills section of unincorporated DeKalb County, Georgia, United States. The university was founded as Emory College in 1836 in Oxford, Georgia by a small group of Methodists and was named in honor of...
