Iox acquisition software
Encyclopedia
iox is a data acquisition software developed by emka TECHNOLOGIES SA, based in Paris, France, especially adapted to safety pharmacology
and toxicology
studies in small and large animals including rodents, dogs, and non-human primates.
studies, ecg, CNS
and behavioural studies.
Some functionalities have given rise to fully featured spin-off software applications. The ecg analysis, data reduction and data management components of iox gave rise to ecgAUTO, datanalyst and studyDESIGNER. These applications together make up the emka TECHNOLOGIES software suite.
and real-time analysis.
Up to 64 inputs can be recorded simultaneously with independent sampling rates of 10 Hz to 100 kHz. iox acquires analog signals from any device. The standard acquisition card is the National Instruments card with a 12-bit converter and with a range of ±5 V (giving a resolution of 2.5 mV).
Inputs may be physical (signal is a physical measurement) or calculated (signal is based on physical signals).
iox's architecture allows researchers to adapt the software to particular needs. For example, researchers performing plethysmography studies in freely moving animals will use the RF analyzer that uses a single flow input.
Add-on modules, or analyzers, are specially designed to analyze a specific type of signal. Each analyzer is developed using algorithms widely accepted and validated by the life science research community.
Modules are available to comply with GLP
and 21 cfr part 11
requirements: user management module, audit trail module and electronic signature
module.
Furthermore, a direct link interface may be developed between iox and third-party LIMS - as was done with Instem's ProvantisTM software.
Cardiovascular Physiology Laboratory, Athens, Greece.
One of the three laboratories of the Department of Experimental Pharmacology of the University of Athens Medical School engaged in research and teaching.
iox is used to analyze signals obtained from isolated hearts in the Langendorff
configuration. This setup is used to evaluate the effects of pharmacological agents and to study the mechanisms underlying pathological conditions such as ischemia.
Center for Integrated Functional Exploration, France.
The Centre is one of the technology platforms of the Institut Claude Bernard, run by a hospital-university consortium. Its particular expertise is functional exploration of small rodents and functional imaging techniques, for in vivo characterization of cardiovascular and metabolic phenotypes. Specific applications include ecg analysis and PV loops analysis, which make use of iox for acquisition and real-time analysis, ecgAUTO for post-acquisition analysis and Millar pressure-volume recording hardware.
Notox, contract research and expert consultancy for the registration of pharmaceutical products.
Use of a plethysmography set-up for respiratory safety assessment.
Réseau des Animaleries Montpelliéraines, Montpellier, France. A local network of animal research facilities.
Outcomes
Developing iox software has also lead to many benefits and outcomes for scientists and science.
emka TECHNOLOGIES, in common with preclinical researchers worldwide, is committed to the humane use of animals in science, as espoused by the 3R's guiding principles, which aim to replace, reduce and refine the use of animals in scientific research. Several features of the iox data acquisition system can help researchers to achieve the 3R's.
The modular and continually evolving nature of iox make it suitable for use with any in vitro models that can be used in place of whole animal in vivo models (e.g. study of isolated heart, vascular or other smooth muscle tissue).
Moreover, iox is also capable of acquiring many different types of signals: for example, it is possible to record cardiovascular data at the same time as respiratory data (plethysmography with transmitter implants). By maximizing the amount of data recorded from any given experiment, iox potentially reduces the number of animals required. In addition, the real-time display of calculated parameters allows you to take appropriate measures immediately so that the risk of wasted experiments due to human error or faulty setup is much reduced.
Further reading
Versigny A., Goubern M (2002) Suitability of canine models for revealing the ability of drug candidates to prolong QT interval - XIVth World Congress of Pharmacology, Cerep
Moyser K, Schofield J, Hunter D (2004) Benefits and limitations of an external telemetry system on canine toxicity studies. Animal Technology and Welfare 3(1):51 2
Deten A. Marx G; Briest W, Volz HC, Zimmer HG (2005) Heart function and molecular biological parameters are comparable in young adult and aged rats after chronic myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Res 66, 364-373
Robinson V (2005) Finding alternatives: an overview of the 3Rs and the use of animals in research. School Science Review, 87(319)
This article describes, with the aid of several examples, how researchers are using scientific advances to replace, refine and reduce the use of animals in research.
Russell W and Burch R (1958) The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique.
Online free and full text of seminal publication [Special Edition published online b y Altweb, the Alternatives to Animal Testing Web Site]. Johns Hopkins Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT), Baltimore, MD. [retrieved 1 June 2010]
See also
External links
Safety pharmacology
Safety pharmacology is the study of the potential undesirable pharmacodynamic effects of a substance in relation to dosage within the substance's therapeutic range and above. In particular, for the medicinal products targeting the immune system, the potential unintended effects should be...
and toxicology
Toxicology
Toxicology is a branch of biology, chemistry, and medicine concerned with the study of the adverse effects of chemicals on living organisms...
studies in small and large animals including rodents, dogs, and non-human primates.
Background
iox stands for isolated organ experiments, because it was originally designed as software for recording from isolated tissue. In response to demand from the preclinical research community, the software was developed for other applications including cardiovascular and pulmonary research, such as plethysmography, telemetryTelemetry
Telemetry is a technology that allows measurements to be made at a distance, usually via radio wave transmission and reception of the information. The word is derived from Greek roots: tele = remote, and metron = measure...
studies, ecg, CNS
Central nervous system
The central nervous system is the part of the nervous system that integrates the information that it receives from, and coordinates the activity of, all parts of the bodies of bilaterian animals—that is, all multicellular animals except sponges and radially symmetric animals such as jellyfish...
and behavioural studies.
Some functionalities have given rise to fully featured spin-off software applications. The ecg analysis, data reduction and data management components of iox gave rise to ecgAUTO, datanalyst and studyDESIGNER. These applications together make up the emka TECHNOLOGIES software suite.
Overview
IOX acquires data on PCs. It also performs signal processingSignal processing
Signal processing is an area of systems engineering, electrical engineering and applied mathematics that deals with operations on or analysis of signals, in either discrete or continuous time...
and real-time analysis.
Up to 64 inputs can be recorded simultaneously with independent sampling rates of 10 Hz to 100 kHz. iox acquires analog signals from any device. The standard acquisition card is the National Instruments card with a 12-bit converter and with a range of ±5 V (giving a resolution of 2.5 mV).
Inputs may be physical (signal is a physical measurement) or calculated (signal is based on physical signals).
iox's architecture allows researchers to adapt the software to particular needs. For example, researchers performing plethysmography studies in freely moving animals will use the RF analyzer that uses a single flow input.
Add-on modules, or analyzers, are specially designed to analyze a specific type of signal. Each analyzer is developed using algorithms widely accepted and validated by the life science research community.
Modules are available to comply with GLP
Good Laboratory Practice
In the experimental research arena, the phrase good laboratory practice or GLP specifically refers to a quality system of management controls for research laboratories and organizations to try to ensure the uniformity, consistency, reliability, reproducibility, quality, and integrity of chemical ...
and 21 cfr part 11
Title 21 CFR Part 11
Title 21 CFR Part 11 of the Code of Federal Regulations deals with the Food and Drug Administration guidelines on electronic records and electronic signatures in the United States...
requirements: user management module, audit trail module and electronic signature
Electronic signature
An electronic signature, or e-signature, is any electronic means that indicates either that a person adopts the contents of an electronic message, or more broadly that the person who claims to have written a message is the one who wrote it . By comparison, a signature is a stylized script...
module.
Furthermore, a direct link interface may be developed between iox and third-party LIMS - as was done with Instem's ProvantisTM software.
Research examples
The following links show some of the many ways in which iox can be used.Cardiovascular Physiology Laboratory, Athens, Greece.
One of the three laboratories of the Department of Experimental Pharmacology of the University of Athens Medical School engaged in research and teaching.
iox is used to analyze signals obtained from isolated hearts in the Langendorff
Langendorff Heart
The Langendorff heart or isolated perfused heart assay is a predominant in vitro technique used in pharmacological and physiological research using animals...
configuration. This setup is used to evaluate the effects of pharmacological agents and to study the mechanisms underlying pathological conditions such as ischemia.
Center for Integrated Functional Exploration, France.
The Centre is one of the technology platforms of the Institut Claude Bernard, run by a hospital-university consortium. Its particular expertise is functional exploration of small rodents and functional imaging techniques, for in vivo characterization of cardiovascular and metabolic phenotypes. Specific applications include ecg analysis and PV loops analysis, which make use of iox for acquisition and real-time analysis, ecgAUTO for post-acquisition analysis and Millar pressure-volume recording hardware.
Notox, contract research and expert consultancy for the registration of pharmaceutical products.
Use of a plethysmography set-up for respiratory safety assessment.
Réseau des Animaleries Montpelliéraines, Montpellier, France. A local network of animal research facilities.
Outcomes
Developing iox software has also lead to many benefits and outcomes for scientists and science.
emka TECHNOLOGIES, in common with preclinical researchers worldwide, is committed to the humane use of animals in science, as espoused by the 3R's guiding principles, which aim to replace, reduce and refine the use of animals in scientific research. Several features of the iox data acquisition system can help researchers to achieve the 3R's.
The modular and continually evolving nature of iox make it suitable for use with any in vitro models that can be used in place of whole animal in vivo models (e.g. study of isolated heart, vascular or other smooth muscle tissue).
Moreover, iox is also capable of acquiring many different types of signals: for example, it is possible to record cardiovascular data at the same time as respiratory data (plethysmography with transmitter implants). By maximizing the amount of data recorded from any given experiment, iox potentially reduces the number of animals required. In addition, the real-time display of calculated parameters allows you to take appropriate measures immediately so that the risk of wasted experiments due to human error or faulty setup is much reduced.
Further reading
Versigny A., Goubern M (2002) Suitability of canine models for revealing the ability of drug candidates to prolong QT interval - XIVth World Congress of Pharmacology, Cerep
Moyser K, Schofield J, Hunter D (2004) Benefits and limitations of an external telemetry system on canine toxicity studies. Animal Technology and Welfare 3(1):51 2
Deten A. Marx G; Briest W, Volz HC, Zimmer HG (2005) Heart function and molecular biological parameters are comparable in young adult and aged rats after chronic myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Res 66, 364-373
Robinson V (2005) Finding alternatives: an overview of the 3Rs and the use of animals in research. School Science Review, 87(319)
This article describes, with the aid of several examples, how researchers are using scientific advances to replace, refine and reduce the use of animals in research.
Russell W and Burch R (1958) The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique.
Online free and full text of seminal publication [Special Edition published online b y Altweb, the Alternatives to Animal Testing Web Site]. Johns Hopkins Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT), Baltimore, MD. [retrieved 1 June 2010]
See also
- Signal processingSignal processingSignal processing is an area of systems engineering, electrical engineering and applied mathematics that deals with operations on or analysis of signals, in either discrete or continuous time...
- Laboratory information management systemLaboratory Information Management SystemSometimes known as a laboratory information system or laboratory management system , a laboratory information management system is a software-based laboratory and information management system that offers a set of key features that support a modern laboratory's operations...
(LIMS)
- 21 cfr part 11Title 21 CFR Part 11Title 21 CFR Part 11 of the Code of Federal Regulations deals with the Food and Drug Administration guidelines on electronic records and electronic signatures in the United States...
External links
Signal processing
Signal processing is an area of systems engineering, electrical engineering and applied mathematics that deals with operations on or analysis of signals, in either discrete or continuous time...
Laboratory Information Management System
Sometimes known as a laboratory information system or laboratory management system , a laboratory information management system is a software-based laboratory and information management system that offers a set of key features that support a modern laboratory's operations...
(LIMS)
Title 21 CFR Part 11
Title 21 CFR Part 11 of the Code of Federal Regulations deals with the Food and Drug Administration guidelines on electronic records and electronic signatures in the United States...
- emka TECHNOLOGIES SA website (in English)
- emka TECHNOLOGIES SA Facebook Page
- emka TECHNOLOGIES SA Video Channel on VIMEO
- 21 cfr part 11 information site
- FDA
- NC3RS (National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research) - an independent scientific organisation established by the UK government to advance the 3R's.