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Neurointerventional Surgery (NIS)/ Interventional Neuroradiology (INR) is an Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education
Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education

The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education is the body responsible for the accreditation for postgraduate medical training programs for medical doctors in the United States....
 (ACGME) accredited medical subspecialty specializing in minimally invasive image-based technologies/procedures used in diagnosis and treat diseases of the head, neck, and spine.

First accredited in 2000, there are currently more than 500 individuals in the United States who have an active interest and special competency in this field.






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Neurointerventional Surgery (NIS)/ Interventional Neuroradiology (INR) is an Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education
Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education

The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education is the body responsible for the accreditation for postgraduate medical training programs for medical doctors in the United States....
 (ACGME) accredited medical subspecialty specializing in minimally invasive image-based technologies/procedures used in diagnosis and treat diseases of the head, neck, and spine.

First accredited in 2000, there are currently more than 500 individuals in the United States who have an active interest and special competency in this field. In 2007 the specialty changed its name from Interventional Neuroradiology to Neurointerventional Surgery. The American Society of Interventional & Therapeutic Neuroradiology (ASITN) changed it name to Society of Neurointerventional Surgery (SNIS). It originated in France.

Training


Preparatory requirements for a fellowship in Neurointerventional Surgery / Interventional Neuroradiology include successful completion of a residency in Radiology
Radiology

Radiology is the branch or speciality of medicine that deals with the study and application of imaging technology like x-ray and radiation to diagnosing and treating disease....
, Neurosurgery
Neurosurgery

Neurosurgery is the surgery discipline focused on treating those central nervous system, peripheral nervous system and spinal column diseases amenable to surgical intervention....
, or Neurology
Neurology

Neurology is a medical specialty dealing with disorders of the nervous system. Specifically, it deals with the diagnosis and treatment of all categories of disease involving the Central nervous system, Peripheral nervous system, and autonomic nervous systems, including their coverings, blood vessels, and...
 and additional training depending on the given field. Neurologists must complete additional fellowship training in neurovascular disease or neurocritical care prior as well as diagnostic neuroradiology in order to qualify to train in an Interventional Neuroradiology fellowship. Radiologists and Neurosurgeons must complete a fellowship in diagnostic neuroradiology prior to an Interventional Neuroradiology fellowship.

Interventional Neuroradiology fellowships are variable in length, but last minimally one year and focuses on the integration of clinical management and performance of endovascular surgeries of the conditions/diseases listed below. Many fellowships require a second year of training which allows participants to further hone their technical skills and assert a greater degree of influence in clinical management of patients with diseases of interest.

Diseases & Conditions


The following is a list of diseases and conditions typically treated by neurointerventionists.

  • Cerebral aneurysm
    Cerebral aneurysm

    A cerebral aneurysm or brain aneurysm is a cerebrovascular disease disorder in which weakness in the wall of a brain artery or vein causes a localized vasodilation or ballooning of the blood vessel....
  • Brain arteriovenous malformation
    Arteriovenous malformation

    Arteriovenous malformation or AVM in the majority of cases is a congenital disorder consisting of a connection between veins and arteries, this pathology is universally known because of its occurrence in the central nervous system, but can appear in any location....
     (AVM)
  • Carotid-cavernous fistula
    Carotid-cavernous fistula

    A carotid-cavernous fistula results from an abnormal communication between the arterial and venous systems within the cavernous sinus in the skull....
     (CCF)
  • Dural arteriovenous fistula
    Dural arteriovenous fistula

    A dural arteriovenous fistula, also called a dural arteriovenous malformation, is an abnormal direct connection between a meningeal artery and a meningeal vein or dural venous sinus....
  • Extracranial (brachiocephalic) atherosclerosis
    Atherosclerosis

    Atherosclerosis is a syndrome affecting artery blood vessels. It is a chronic inflammatory response in the walls of arteries, in large part due to the accumulation of macrophage white blood cells and promoted by low density lipoproteins without adequate removal of fats and cholesterol from the macrophages by functional high density lipoprot...
  • Extracranial (head and neck) and paraspinal vascular malformations
  • Head and neck tumors
  • Intracranial atherosclerosis
    Atherosclerosis

    Atherosclerosis is a syndrome affecting artery blood vessels. It is a chronic inflammatory response in the walls of arteries, in large part due to the accumulation of macrophage white blood cells and promoted by low density lipoproteins without adequate removal of fats and cholesterol from the macrophages by functional high density lipoprot...
  • Juvenile nasopharyngeal tumor
  • Meningiomas
  • Nosebleeds
  • Paragangliomas
  • Stroke
    Stroke

    A stroke is the rapidly developing loss of brain function due to a disturbance in the blood supply to the brain. According to the National Stroke Association, a "stroke" occurs when a blood clot blocks and artery or a blood vessel breaks, interrupting blood flow to an area of the brain....
  • Spinal vascular malformations
  • Traumatic vascular lesions
  • Vasospasm
    Vasospasm

    Vasospasm refers to a condition in which blood vessels spasm, leading to vasoconstriction. This can lead to tissue ischemia and death . Cerebral vasospasm may arise in the context of subarachnoid hemorrhage....
  • Vertebral body tumors
  • Vertebral body compression fractures


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