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The Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) was founded by Eugene Garfield
Eugene Garfield

Eugene "Gene" Garfield is an United States scientist, one of the founders of bibliometrics and scientometrics. He received a PhD in Structural Linguistics from the University of Pennsylvania in 1961....
 in 1960. It was acquired by Thomson Scientific & Healthcare
Thomson Scientific & Healthcare

Thomson Scientific & Healthcare was a division of the Thomson Corporation until 2006.The division then split into two new divisions: Thomson Scientific and Thomson Healthcare....
 in 1992, became known as Thomson ISI and now as Thomson Scientific
Thomson Scientific

Thomson Scientific was one of the five operating divisions of The Thomson Corporation until 2008. Following the merger of Thomson with Reuters to form Thomson Reuters in 2008, it became the Scientific business unit of the new company....
. It is a component of the multi-billion dollar Thomson Reuters Corporation
Thomson Reuters

Thomson Reuters is an information company created by The Thomson Corporation's purchase of Reuters on 17 April 2008. It is a dual listed company with two parent companies: Thomson Reuters plc is a British company and a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index, and Thomson Reuters Corporation is a Canadian company and a constituent of the S&P...
.

The ISI offers bibliographic database
Bibliographic database

A bibliographic or library database is a database of bibliography records. It may be a database containing information about books and other materials held in a library or, as the term is more often used, an electronic index to academic journal or magazines article s, containing citations, Abstract and often either the full text of...
 services. Its speciality is citation index
Citation index

A citation index is an index of citations between publications, allowing the user to easily establish which later documents cite which earlier documents....
ing and analysis, a field pioneered by Garfield. It maintains citation databases covering thousands of academic journal
Academic journal

An academic journal is a peer reviewed periodical in which scholarship relating to a particular academic discipline is published. Academic journals serve as forums for the introduction and presentation for scrutiny of new research, and the critique of existing research....
s, including a continuation of its longtime print-based indexing service the Science Citation Index
Science Citation Index

Science Citation Index is a citation index originally produced by the Institute for Scientific Information in 1960, which is now owned by Thomson Reuters....
 (SCI), as well as the Social Sciences Citation Index
Social Sciences Citation Index

Social Sciences Citation Index is an interdisciplinary citation index product of Thomson Scientific. It was developed by the Institute for Scientific Information from the Science Citation Index....
 (SSCI), and the Arts and Humanities Citation Index
Arts and Humanities Citation Index

The Arts & Humanities Citation Index is a citation index of over 1,100 of the world's leading arts and humanities journals.It was originally developed by the Institute for Scientific Information, which was later acquired by Thomson Scientific & Healthcare....
 (AHCI).






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The Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) was founded by Eugene Garfield
Eugene Garfield

Eugene "Gene" Garfield is an United States scientist, one of the founders of bibliometrics and scientometrics. He received a PhD in Structural Linguistics from the University of Pennsylvania in 1961....
 in 1960. It was acquired by Thomson Scientific & Healthcare
Thomson Scientific & Healthcare

Thomson Scientific & Healthcare was a division of the Thomson Corporation until 2006.The division then split into two new divisions: Thomson Scientific and Thomson Healthcare....
 in 1992, became known as Thomson ISI and now as Thomson Scientific
Thomson Scientific

Thomson Scientific was one of the five operating divisions of The Thomson Corporation until 2008. Following the merger of Thomson with Reuters to form Thomson Reuters in 2008, it became the Scientific business unit of the new company....
. It is a component of the multi-billion dollar Thomson Reuters Corporation
Thomson Reuters

Thomson Reuters is an information company created by The Thomson Corporation's purchase of Reuters on 17 April 2008. It is a dual listed company with two parent companies: Thomson Reuters plc is a British company and a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index, and Thomson Reuters Corporation is a Canadian company and a constituent of the S&P...
.

The ISI offers bibliographic database
Bibliographic database

A bibliographic or library database is a database of bibliography records. It may be a database containing information about books and other materials held in a library or, as the term is more often used, an electronic index to academic journal or magazines article s, containing citations, Abstract and often either the full text of...
 services. Its speciality is citation index
Citation index

A citation index is an index of citations between publications, allowing the user to easily establish which later documents cite which earlier documents....
ing and analysis, a field pioneered by Garfield. It maintains citation databases covering thousands of academic journal
Academic journal

An academic journal is a peer reviewed periodical in which scholarship relating to a particular academic discipline is published. Academic journals serve as forums for the introduction and presentation for scrutiny of new research, and the critique of existing research....
s, including a continuation of its longtime print-based indexing service the Science Citation Index
Science Citation Index

Science Citation Index is a citation index originally produced by the Institute for Scientific Information in 1960, which is now owned by Thomson Reuters....
 (SCI), as well as the Social Sciences Citation Index
Social Sciences Citation Index

Social Sciences Citation Index is an interdisciplinary citation index product of Thomson Scientific. It was developed by the Institute for Scientific Information from the Science Citation Index....
 (SSCI), and the Arts and Humanities Citation Index
Arts and Humanities Citation Index

The Arts & Humanities Citation Index is a citation index of over 1,100 of the world's leading arts and humanities journals.It was originally developed by the Institute for Scientific Information, which was later acquired by Thomson Scientific & Healthcare....
 (AHCI). All of these are available via ISI's Web of Knowledge database service. This database allows a researcher to identify which articles have been cited most frequently, and who has cited them.

The ISI also publishes annual Journal Citation Reports
Journal Citation Reports

Journal Citation Reports is an annual publication by the Institute of Scientific Information, a division of Thomson Scientific. It provides information about academic journals in the sciences and social sciences....
 which list an impact factor
Impact factor

The impact factor, often abbreviated IF, is a measure of the citations to scientific journal. It is frequently used as a proxy for the importance of a journal to its field....
 for each of the journals that it tracks. Within the scientific community, journal impact factors play a large but controversial role in determining the kudos attached to a scientist's published research record.

A list of over 14,000 journals is maintained by the ISI. The list includes over 1100 arts and humanities journals as well as scientific journals. Listing is based on published selection criteria and is an important indicator of journal quality and impact.

The ISI also publishes a list of highly cited researchers
ISI highly cited researcher

The Institute for Scientific Information publishes an online list of highly cited researchers ? scientific researchers whose publications are most often citation in academic journals over the past decade....
, one of the factors included in the Academic Ranking of World Universities
Academic Ranking of World Universities

The Academic Ranking of World Universities is compiled by Shanghai Jiao Tong University?s Institute of Higher Education and includes major institutes of higher education ranked according to a formula that took into account alumni winning Nobel Prizes and Fields Medals , staff winning Nobel Prizes and Fields Medals , ?highly-cited researchers...
 published by Shanghai Jiao Tong University.

See also

  • GetCITED
    GetCITED

    GetCITED is a website database that lists publication and citation information on academic articles whose information is entered by members. It aims to include not only journal articles but also book chapters and other publications, both peer-reviewed and non-reviewed....
     - an attempt to replicate Web of Science with a free service
  • List of academic journal search engines
    List of academic journal search engines

    This page contains a partial list of representative major databases and search engines useful in an academic setting for finding and accessing articles in academic journals, or in repositories, archives, or other collections of scientific journal and academic journal articles....
  • Impact factor
    Impact factor

    The impact factor, often abbreviated IF, is a measure of the citations to scientific journal. It is frequently used as a proxy for the importance of a journal to its field....


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