All Topics  
Informal fallacy

 

 
   Email Print
   Bookmark   Link
 

 

Informal fallacy
 
 
  Topics Informal fallacy Topic Home

An informal fallacy
Informal fallacy

An informal fallacy is an Logical argument whose stated premises fail to support their proposed conclusion. The deviation in an informal fallacy often stems from a flaw in the path of reasoning that links the premises to the conclusion....
 is an argument whose stated premises fail to support their proposed conclusion. The deviation in an informal fallacy
Fallacy

A fallacy is an argument which may convince some people but is not logically sound. Note that the truth of the conclusions of an argument does not determine whether the argument is a fallacy - it is the argument which is incorrect....
 often stems from a flaw in the path of reasoning that links the premises to the conclusion. In contrast to a formal fallacy
Formal fallacy

In Philosophical logic, a formal fallacy or a logical fallacy is a pattern of reasoning which is always wrong. This is due to a flaw in the structure of the logical argument which renders the argument validity....
, the error has to do with issues of ratiocination
Inference

Inference is the act or process of deriving a logical consequence from premises.Inference is studied within several different fields.* Human inference is traditionally studied within the field of cognitive psychology....
 manifest in language
Natural language

In the philosophy of language, a natural language is a language that is spoken, Sign language, or writing by humans for general-purpose communication, as distinguished from formal languages and from constructed languages....
 used to state the propositions; the range of elements that can be symbolized by language is broader than that which the symbolism of formal logic
Mathematical logic

Mathematical logic is a subfield of mathematics and logic with close connections to computer science and philosophical logic. The field includes the mathematical study of logic and the applications of formal logic to other areas of mathematics....
 can represent.






Discussion
Ask a question about 'Informal fallacy'
Start a new discussion about 'Informal fallacy'
Answer questions from other users
Full Discussion Forum



Encyclopedia


An informal fallacy
Informal fallacy

An informal fallacy is an Logical argument whose stated premises fail to support their proposed conclusion. The deviation in an informal fallacy often stems from a flaw in the path of reasoning that links the premises to the conclusion....
 is an argument whose stated premises fail to support their proposed conclusion. The deviation in an informal fallacy
Fallacy

A fallacy is an argument which may convince some people but is not logically sound. Note that the truth of the conclusions of an argument does not determine whether the argument is a fallacy - it is the argument which is incorrect....
 often stems from a flaw in the path of reasoning that links the premises to the conclusion. In contrast to a formal fallacy
Formal fallacy

In Philosophical logic, a formal fallacy or a logical fallacy is a pattern of reasoning which is always wrong. This is due to a flaw in the structure of the logical argument which renders the argument validity....
, the error has to do with issues of ratiocination
Inference

Inference is the act or process of deriving a logical consequence from premises.Inference is studied within several different fields.* Human inference is traditionally studied within the field of cognitive psychology....
 manifest in language
Natural language

In the philosophy of language, a natural language is a language that is spoken, Sign language, or writing by humans for general-purpose communication, as distinguished from formal languages and from constructed languages....
 used to state the propositions; the range of elements that can be symbolized by language is broader than that which the symbolism of formal logic
Mathematical logic

Mathematical logic is a subfield of mathematics and logic with close connections to computer science and philosophical logic. The field includes the mathematical study of logic and the applications of formal logic to other areas of mathematics....
 can represent. Informal fallacies of deductive reasoning
Deductive reasoning

Deductive reasoning, sometimes called deductive logic, is reasoning which constructs or evaluates deductive Argument s.In logic, an argument is said to be deductive when the truth of the conclusion is purported to follow necessarily or be a logical consequence of the premises and its corresponding conditional is a necessary truth....
 contain a fundamental disconnect between the premises and the conclusion that renders the argument invalid
Validity

The term Validity in logic applies to Argument or statements....
. This disconnect often stems from the presence of a hidden co-premise
Co-premise

A co-premise is a premise in reasoning and informal logic which is not the main supporting reason for a main contention or a Lemma , but is logically necessary to ensure the validity of an argument....
 that, if presented, would validate the argument.

Inductive
Inductive reasoning

Induction or inductive reasoning, sometimes called inductive logic, is reasoning which takes us "beyond the confines of our current evidence or knowledge to conclusions about the unknown." The premises of an inductive logical argument support the conclusion but do not entailment it; i.e....
 informal fallacies are slightly different than their deductive counterparts, as their merit rests in the inductive strength
Statistical inference

Inferential statistics or statistical induction comprises the use of statistics to make inferences concerning some unknown aspect of a population....
 of the premise-conclusion link rather than in the presence of hidden premises. For instance, the fallacy of hasty generalisation, can be roughly stated as:

p) S is a P
p) S is also a Q
c) therefore, all Ps are also Qs


If the populations of P and Q are both too large to sample completely, then the statement is inductive. In such a case, a hasty generalization occurs when the number of Ps and Qs is insufficient to represent the respective populations. It is important to distinguish between a principle of reasoning
Reasoning

Reasoning is the Cognition process of looking for reasons for beliefs, conclusions, actions or feelings. Although reasoning was once thought to be a uniquely human capability, other animals also engage in Animal_cognition#Reasoning_and_problem_solving....
 (deductive or inductive) and the premise of an argument.

See also

  • Argumentation theory
    Argumentation theory

    Argumentation theory, or argumentation, embraces the arts and sciences of civil debate, dialogue, conversation, and persuasion; studying rules of inference, logic, and procedural rules in both Artificial intelligence and real world settings....
  • Argument map
  • Critical thinking
    Critical thinking

    Critical thinking is purposeful and reflective judgment about what to believe or do in response to observations, experience, Interpersonal communication or writing expressions, or arguments....
  • Inference objection
    Inference objection

    In informal logic, an inference objection is an objection to an argument based not on any of its stated premises, but rather on the relationship between premise and Main contention....
  • Inquiry
    Inquiry

    Inquiry is any process that has the aim of augmenting knowledge, resolving doubt, or solving a problem. A theory of inquiry is an account of the various types of inquiry and a treatment of the ways that each type of inquiry achieves its aim....
  • Lemma
    Lemma (logic)

    In informal logic and Argument map, a lemma is simultaneously a main contention for premises below it and a premise for a contention above it....
  • Sophism
    Sophism

    Sophism can mean two very different things: In the modern definition, a sophism is a confusing or illogical argument used for deceiving someone....


Further reading


External links

  • A list of logical fallacies, explained.


ja:??