Holothyrida
Encyclopedia
The Holothyrida are a small order of mites
in the superorder Parasitiformes
. No fossils are known. With body lengths of more than 2 mm they are relatively large mites, with a heavily sclerotized
body. They mainly feed on the body fluids of dead arthropod
s. This was possibly the common way of feeding for ticks before they adapted for feeding on the blood of live animals.
Although only 25 species are currently described, many others have been collected.
The order has a Gondwana
n distribution. They are likely the sister group to Ixodida (ticks).
MITES
MITES, or Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science, is a highly selective six-week summer program for rising high school seniors held at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Its purpose is to expose students from minority, or otherwise disadvantaged backgrounds, to the fields of...
in the superorder Parasitiformes
Parasitiformes
The Parasitiformes are a superorder of Acari . Many species are parasitic , but not all; for example, about half of the 10,000 known species in the suborder Mesostigmata are predatory and cryptozoan, living in the soil-litter, rotting wood, dung, carrion, nests or house dust...
. No fossils are known. With body lengths of more than 2 mm they are relatively large mites, with a heavily sclerotized
Sclerosis (medicine)
In medicine, sclerosis refers to the stiffening of a structure, usually caused by a replacement of the normal organ-specific tissue with connective tissue.Types include:...
body. They mainly feed on the body fluids of dead arthropod
Arthropod
An arthropod is an invertebrate animal having an exoskeleton , a segmented body, and jointed appendages. Arthropods are members of the phylum Arthropoda , and include the insects, arachnids, crustaceans, and others...
s. This was possibly the common way of feeding for ticks before they adapted for feeding on the blood of live animals.
Although only 25 species are currently described, many others have been collected.
The order has a Gondwana
Gondwana
In paleogeography, Gondwana , originally Gondwanaland, was the southernmost of two supercontinents that later became parts of the Pangaea supercontinent. It existed from approximately 510 to 180 million years ago . Gondwana is believed to have sutured between ca. 570 and 510 Mya,...
n distribution. They are likely the sister group to Ixodida (ticks).
Allothyridae
Allothyridae van der Hammen, 1972 — AustraliaAustralia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
- Allothyrus van der Hammen, 1961
- Allothyrus australasiae (Womersley, 1935)
- Allothyrus constrictus (Domrow, 1955)
- Australothyrus van der Hammen, 1983
- Australothyrus ocellatus van der Hammen, 1983
Holothyridae
Holothyridae Thorell, 1882- Sternothyrus Lehtinen, 1995
- Sternothyrus braueri (Thon, 1905) — SeychellesSeychellesSeychelles , officially the Republic of Seychelles , is an island country spanning an archipelago of 115 islands in the Indian Ocean, some east of mainland Africa, northeast of the island of Madagascar....
- Lindothyrus Lehtinen, 1995
- Lindothyrus elongatus Lehtinen, 1995 — Lord Howe IslandLord Howe IslandLord Howe Island is an irregularly crescent-shaped volcanic remnant in the Tasman Sea between Australia and New Zealand, directly east of mainland Port Macquarie, and about from Norfolk Island. The island is about 11 km long and between 2.8 km and 0.6 km wide with an area of...
- Lindothyrus rubellus Lehtinen, 1995 — New CaledoniaNew CaledoniaNew Caledonia is a special collectivity of France located in the southwest Pacific Ocean, east of Australia and about from Metropolitan France. The archipelago, part of the Melanesia subregion, includes the main island of Grande Terre, the Loyalty Islands, the Belep archipelago, the Isle of...
- Indothyrus Lehtinen, 1995
- Indothyrus greeni Lehtinen, 1995 — Sri LankaSri LankaSri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is a country off the southern coast of the Indian subcontinent. Known until 1972 as Ceylon , Sri Lanka is an island surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait, and lies in the vicinity of India and the...
- Haplothyrus Lehtinen, 1995
- Haplothyrus expolitissimus (Berlese, 1924) — New Caledonia
- Haplothyrus hyatti Lehtinen, 1995 — unknown locality
- HolothyrusHolothyrusHolothyrus is a genus of mites in the order Holothyrida. It includes two species, Holothyrus coccinella and Holothyrus legendrei....
Gervais, 1842 — MauritiusMauritiusMauritius , officially the Republic of Mauritius is an island nation off the southeast coast of the African continent in the southwest Indian Ocean, about east of Madagascar... - Holothyrus coccinella Gervais, 1842
- Holothyrus legendrei Hammen, 1983
- Hammenius Lehtinen, 1981
- Hammenius armatus (Canestrini, 1897) — Tamara Island (AitapeAitapeAitape is a small town of about 8,000 people on the north coast of Papua New Guinea in the Sandaun Province. It is a coastal settlement that is almost equidistant from the provincial capitals of Wewak and Vanimo, and marks the midpoint of the highway between these two capitals...
): New Guinea - Hammenius berlesei (Lehtinen, 1995) — New Guinea
- Hammenius braueri (Thon, 1906)
- Hammenius fujuge Lehtinen, 1981 — New GuineaNew GuineaNew Guinea is the world's second largest island, after Greenland, covering a land area of 786,000 km2. Located in the southwest Pacific Ocean, it lies geographically to the east of the Malay Archipelago, with which it is sometimes included as part of a greater Indo-Australian Archipelago...
(Central District, Oro Province) - Hammenius grandjeani (Hammen, 1961) — Mount BosaviMount BosaviMount Bosavi is a mountain in the Southern Highlands province, Papua New Guinea. It is the collapsed cone of an extinct volcano on the Great Papuan Plateau, part of the Kikori River basin. The crater is approximately 4 km wide and 1 km deep; it is home to a number of unique species.Part...
: New Guinea - Hammenius holthuisi van der Hammen, 1983
- Hammenius ingii Lehtinen, 1981 — New Guinea
- Hammenius insularis Lehtinen, 1995 — Louisiade ArchipelagoLouisiade ArchipelagoThe Louisiade Archipelago is a string of ten larger volcanic islands frequently fringed by coral reefs, and 90 smaller coral islands located 200 km southeast of New Guinea, stretching over more than and spread over an ocean area of between the Solomon Sea to the north and the Coral Sea to...
: New Guinea - Hammenius longipes (Thorell, 1882) — Fly River, New Guinea (?)
- Hammenius mendi (Lehtinen, 1995) — Strickland RiverStrickland RiverThe Strickland River is a river in the Western Province of Papua New Guinea, and is the largest tributary of the Fly River.- Environmental concerns :...
: New Guinea - Hammenius montanus Hammen, 1983 — Irian Jaya
- Hammenius niger (Thon, 1906)
Neothyridae
Neothyridae Lehtinen, 1981- Diplothyrus Lehtinen, 1999
- Diplothyrus schubarti Lehtinen, 1999
- Neothyrus Lehtinen, 1981
- Neothyrus ana Lehtinen, 1981